Pearson International AS Morphology.pptx

Morphology slides for Pearson International AS Levels

1. Morphology International Advanced Levels

2. What is morphology? = the study of the smallest segments of language that carry meaning Morphemes are the smallest units of language that have meaning and can’t be further subdivided.

3. Morpheme types There are two major types of morphemes: free morphemes and bound morphemes. The smallest example is made up of one of each of these types of morphemes. Small – is a free morpheme -est – is a bound morpheme

4. Free morphemes A free morpheme is a morpheme that occurs alone and carries meaning as a word. Free morphemes are also called unbound or freestanding morphemes. You might also call a free morpheme a root word, which is the irreducible core of a single word. Frigid Are Must Tall Picture Roof Clear Mountain These examples are all free morphemes because they cannot be subdivided into smaller pieces that hold significance. Free morphemes can be any type of word—whether an adjective, a noun, or anything else—they simply have to stand alone as a unit of language th

5. Lexical morphemes Lexical morphemes carry the content or meaning of a message. Stand Stage Compact Deliver Meet Blanket Tree Excess

6. Functional morphemes Functional morphemes do not carry the content of a message. These are the words in a sentence that are more functional, meaning that they coordinate the meaningful words. With There And So You But If We

7. Bound morphemes Bound morphemes are those that cannot stand alone with meaning. Bound morphemes must occur with other morphemes to create a complete word. Many bound morphemes are affixes (an additional segment added to a root word to change its meaning; may be added to the beginning (prefix) or the end (suffix) of a word)

8. Derivational morphemes When a morpheme changes the way you’d categorize the root word grammatically, it’s a derivational morpheme. Poor (adjective) + ly (derivational morpheme) = poorly (adverb) The root word poor is an adjective, but when you add the suffix -ly —which is a derivational morpheme—it changes to an adverb. Other examples of derivational morphemes include -ness , non- , and -ful .

9. Inflectional morphemes When a bound morpheme is attached to a word but does not change the root word's grammatical category, it is an inflectional morpheme. These morphemes simply modify the root word in some way. Fireplace + s = fireplaces Adding the -s to the end of the word fireplace did not change the word in any significant way—it simply modified it to reflect multiple rather than one single fireplace.