Periodic Table of Elements- Notes...pptx

Elements

1. Periodic Table of Elements

2. 1. Describe the properties/similarities of elements in each group and in each period 2. Identify the family, and period of the given elements; and 3. label the different parts of the periodic table. This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-SA

3. Spot the Similarities, Difference?

4. Arrangement of the Elements Elements are arranged horizontally in the order of increasing atomic numbers Each element is identified by its symbol placed at the middle of the square; atomic number and mass number are also included Periodic table

5. The PERIODS of Elements Periods or series The horizontal rows of elements in the periodic table. Represents the main energy levels occupied by the electrons Periodic table

6. The PERIODS of Elements Periods 1 has 2 elements corresponding to the number of electrons in the s sublevel Periodic table Periods 2 & 3 each have 8 elements corresponding to the eight electron in the s and p sublevel

7. The PERIODS of Elements Periods 4 & 5 each have 18 elements corresponding to the 18 electrons in the s, p, & d sublevels. Periodic table Periods 6 & 7 each have 32 elements corresponding to the 32 electrons in the s, p, d & f sublevels.

8. The PERIODS of Elements Periods 6 includes the lanthanide series Periodic table Periods 7 includes the actinide series .

9. The GROUPS of Elements Groups or families The vertical column of elements in the periodic table. Classified into A and B families. each family consists of 8 groups Periodic table

10. The GROUPS of Elements Groups A or Family A are also called Representative elements Group B or Family B are also called Transition elements Periodic table

11. The GROUPS of Elements Group 1a- alkali metals. They react strongly with water. These are usually stored under oil to protect them from moisture and oxygen Periodic table Groups ii a- alkaline earth metals. They are less reactive metals. These are metals that occur naturally but only in compound form. They are obtained from mineral ores.

12. The GROUPS of Elements Group iii a- boron family or aluminum group . They are fairly reactive. Aluminum is the most popular and useful element among the group Periodic table Groups iv a- carbon group. This group consist of a nonmetal, metalloid, and metals

13. The GROUPS of Elements Group VA- Nitrogen group . This group also consists of nonmetals, metalloid, and a metal. Periodic table Groups VI a- oxygen group or chalcogens. This group also consists of nonmetals, metalloids, and a metal.

14. The GROUPS of Elements Group Vii A- halogens (salt formers) . All members are nonmetals and are among the most reactive of all elements. Periodic table Groups ViiI a- noble/rare gases/group o. All members are not very abundant on earth and the least reactive elements. Noble refers to the elements’ general lack of reactivity.

15. The GROUPS of Elements Group b or family b- Transition elements. All members are found in between Group Iia and Group IIIA Periodic table Inner transition group Lanthanide and Actinide Series. All members are found at the bottom of the table.

16. The BLOCKS of Elements S-block- consists of only two groups, Group 1A and Group IIA or Group 1 and Group 2. These elements have their valence electrons in the s-orbital Periodic table P-block- consists of Group III A to Group VIII A or Group 13 to Group 18. These elements have their valence electrons in the p -orbital.

17. The BLOCKS of Elements d-block- consists of Group IIIB to Group IIB or Group 3 to Group 12. These elements have their valence electrons in the d-orbital Periodic table f -block- consists of 28 elements belonging to the lanthanide series and actinide series or inner transition group. These elements have their valence electrons in the f-orbital

18. The BLOCKS of Elements Valence electrons are electrons found in the outermost shell and are the ones involved in chemical reactions Periodic table Electron found in the outermost energy level