Peripheral nerve disorders

Peripheral nerve disorders

1. PERIPHERAL NERVE DISORDER Sanil Varghese

2. PERIPHERAL NEUROPATHIES Is defined as alteration in function and structure of the motor, sensory or autonomic components of a peripheral nerve.

3. CATEGORIES AND ETIOLOGIES OF PERIPHERAL NEUROPATHIES Metabolic or nutritional. D rug induced. Industrial or environmental toxins. Connective tissue processes or vasculitis . Infections or infectious processes. Inflammatory processes. Neoplasms . Trauma or compressions. Entrapment syndromes. Heriditory disorders.

4. PATHOPHYSIOLOGY Wallerian degeneration. Axonal degeneration. Primary neuronal degeneration. Segmental demyelination .

5. DISTRIBUTION PATTERNS OF PERIPHERAL NEUROPATHIES Mononeuropathy simplex or mononeuropathy . Mononeuropathy multiplex. Polyneuropathy .

6. CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS Pain, paresthesia , sensory loss, weakness, unstable balance. Autonomic or trophic changes like cold, blue extremities, cutaneous hair loss, brittle finger or toenails. Decrease or a loss of light touch and pinprick sensation. Tingling, numbness, paraesthesia and disesthesia . Neuropathic pain. Deep tendon reflexes absent or decreased in affected muscels .

7. MONONEUROPATHY Types Carpal tunnel syndrome Ulnar nerve palsy. Radial nerve palsy. Peroneal nerve palsy.

8. TINEL’S SIGN

9. PHALEN’S SIGN

10. Ulnar nerve palsy

11. MULTIPLE MONONEUROPATHY

12. POLYNEUROPATHY

13. DIABETIC NEUROPATHY

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