Pest of coconut

the detail description of the pest of coconut

1. PEST OF COCONUT

2. RHINOCEROS BEETLE Scientific Name : Oryctes rhinoceros Family : Scarabaeidae Order : Coleoptera Host range : pine apple, sugar cane , areca nut, sago , oil palm 7/1/2019 2 N.AVINESH

3. SYMPTOMS Central spindle appears cut or toppled Fully opened fronds showing characteristic diamond shaped cuttings Holes with chewed fibre sticking out at the base of central spindle 7/1/2019 3 N.AVINESH

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5. BIOLOGY EGG: Female lays oval creamy white eggs in manure pits or decaying vegetable matter at depth of 5- 15 cm EP: 8- 18 days GRUB: stout, sluggish, and white with pale brown , feeds decaying matter 99 to 180 days PUPA: pupates in earthen cells emerge as adult in 10- 25 days ADULT : stout, block and has a long horn projecting dorsally from the head in male. Horn short in female.

6. MANAGEMENT Destroy and dispose of all dead trees Apply fungal culture of Metarrhizium anisopliae Encourage reduviid predators Platymeris laevicollis Set light traps to attract adults 7/1/2019 7 N.AVINESH

7. RED PALM WEEVIL Scientific Name : Rhynchophorus ferrugineus Family : curculionidae Order : coleoptera Distribution : Kerala, Karnataka, Tamil nadu 7/1/2019 8 N.AVINESH

8. SYMPTOM Holes on the with brownish ooze Yellowing of inner leaves and gradual wilting of central shoot in the crown 7/1/2019 9 N.AVINESH

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10. BIOLOGY EGGS: female lays eggs in scooped out small cavities on palms , lays 276 eggs EP: 2 – 5 days GRUB: apodous light yellowish grub , laraval period 12 -33 days ADULT : reddish brown weevil has six spots on thorax 7/1/2019 11 N.AVINESH

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12. MANAGEMENT Avoiding injuries on trunk . Any injury should be plastered with clay or CEMENT WITH COPPER OXYCHLORIDE Avoid cutting green fronds Avoiding incidence of rhinoceros beetle Root feeding with monocrotophos @ 10 ml + 10ml water Uses aggregation pheromone traps 7/1/2019 13 N.AVINESH

13. BLACK HEADED CATERPILLAR Scientific name : Opisina arenosella Family : cryptophasidae Order : Lepidoptera Distribution : all over peninsular india 7/1/2019 14 N.AVINESH

14. SYMPTOM Dried up patches on leaflets of the lower leaves Galleries of silk and frass on underside of leaflets 7/1/2019 15 N.AVINESH

15. BIOLOGY EGG: greyish white small eggs , EP: 5 days LARVA: caterpillar is greenish brown with dark brown head and prothorax , reddish mesothorax . LP: 40 days PUPA : it pupates inside the web itself in a thin silken cocoon ADULT: greyish white in colour 7/1/2019 16 N.AVINESH

16. MANAGEMENT Cutting and burning all the infested leaves and fronds In summer release BETHYLIDS and BRACONID & EULOPHID parasitoids at 1: 1:10 per tree Root feeding with monocrotophos 7/1/2019 17 N.AVINESH

17. SLUG CATERPILLAR Scientific name : Parasa lepida , Conotheyla rotunda Family : cochlidiidae Order : Lepidoptera SYMPTOM: defoliation , leaving only the midrib and veins 7/1/2019 18 N.AVINESH

18. BIOLOGY EGG: flat shiny eggs on the under surface of leaves in batches of 20-30 . EP : 6-7 days LARVA: larval periods is about 42 days , greenish body with white links PUPA : compact brown shell like cocoon, which is convex above and flat ventrally as stems ADULT: moth has green wings with prominent dark patches at the base of each forewing 7/1/2019 19 N.AVINESH

19. WHITE GRUB Scientific name: Leucopholis coneophora Family : melolonthidae Order : Lepidoptera Host range : sweet potato , tapioca , colocasia , 7/1/2019 20 N.AVINESH

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21. SYMPTOM Leaves turn yellow, immature nuts shed , flowering delayed White grubs exposed when base of the tree is dug 7/1/2019 22 N.AVINESH

22. BIOLOGY EGG: female lays eggs in the soil. EP: 20 days GRUB : larval period :10-11 months , pupal period is 9- 12 days , pupation occurs in soil ADULT : adult beetle emerge after monsoon showers 7/1/2019 23 N.AVINESH

23. COCONUT ERIOPHYID MITE Scientific name : Aceri aguerreronis Family : eriophyidae Order : acarina Distribution :Tamil nadu , Karnataka, AP 7/1/2019 24 N.AVINESH

24. SYMPTOMS Develops on the meristematic tissues under the perianth Oozing of brown gummy exudation Reduced nut size and copra content and malformation of nuts The mite is vermiform 7/1/2019 25 N.AVINESH

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26. BIOLOGY Mite is very minute in size It is pale in colour with elongate body and worm like appearance Life cycle completed in 10 -12 days 7/1/2019 27 N.AVINESH

27. MANAGEMENT Root feeding with TNAU agro biocide 30ml / tree 7/1/2019 28 N.AVINESH