Pharmaceutical packaging technology

Different types packaging and technologies

1. Pharmaceutical Packaging
Technology
Sonia BaruaPhD
Assistant professor
Department of Pharmacy
USTC, Chittagong

2. WhatisPharmaceuticalPackaging?
AccordingtoWHOpackaging:
‘TheCollectionofdifferentcomponentswhichsurroundsthe
pharmaceuticalproductfromthetimeofproductionuntilitsuse’.

3. Purposeofpackaging?
Theprimarypurposeofpackagingistoprotectthedrugsanddrugproductsfromany
damagethatcouldhappenduringtransport,handlingandstorage.Packaging
retainstheproductintactthroughoutitslogisticschainfrommanufacturertothe
users.Itprotectstheproductsfromhumidity,light,heatandotherexternal
factorssuchbreakageandspoilagehenceincreasingthesafetyand
sustainabilityoftheproducts.

4. Functions of Packaging:
1.ProductIdentification:Packaginggreatlyhelpsinidentificationofproducts.
2.ProductProtection:Packagingprotectsthecontentsofaproductfrom
spoilage,breakage,leakage,etc.
3.Facilitating the use of product: Packaging should be convenience to open,
handle and use for the consumers
4.Product Promotion: An well controlled Packaging could be used in product
promotion and attract the consumer attention while purchasing.

5. 6Convenience: Packages should have features that ease the distribution,
handling, stacking, display, sale, opening, re-closing, use, dispensing, reuse,
recycling, and ease of disposal of the products.
7Barrier protection: Some packaging also contain silica to protect the product
from moisture and oxidation.
8Reduces Risk: Packaging play an important role
in reducing the risks during shipment. Hence all
pharmaceutical packages should be made with
temper resistance or tamper evident features.
Functions of Packaging:

6. ➢MechanicalProperties
➢PhysicalProperties
➢ChemicalProperties
Drugproductsaredesignedtoprovideeffectiveandsafetreatmenttoamedical
condition.Safetreatmentincludesmaintainingtheeffectivenessofaproductover
itsstatedshelflife.Thismeanstheproductandpackagemustmaintainboththe
integrityandeffectivenessofadrugfromthetimeofmanufactureandpackagingto
thepointwheretheproductisconsumed.
PropertiesofPharmaceuticalpackagingasfollows:
Properties of Pharmaceutical Packaging

7. ➢MechanicalProperties
I.Packagingmaterialmusthavesufficientmechanicalstrengthtowithstandheat,moistureand
humidityduringmanufacturing,transportingandstorageandlastlysupplyfromtheretailertothe
patients.
II.Tensilestrengthcomesunderthemechanicalpropertiesofthepackaginginwhichpackageshave
abilitytoendurethemaximumstressthatisbeforebreakageandpressureapplyduringstacking.
III.Tearresistanceisameasurementofpackagingmaterialwithstandtheeffectoftearing.
IV.Punctureresistancewhilehandlingoperation.
V.Protectthecontentfromvibrationduringtransportation

8. ➢PhysicalProperties
I.Thematerialshouldbeimpervioustoanypossiblecontaminants.(e.g.,solid,
liquid,gases,vaporsormicroorganisms)
II.Thematerialmustabletowithstandheatwhileprocessingincludessterilization.
Examplesglasscontainers,rubberclosures
III.Thecontainersurfacemustbecapableofclearlabelingwhichisoftendifficult.
(e.g.,plasticbottles).
IV.ThematerialsmustbeprotectedfromlightsuchasUVlight.Forexample:
Ambercoloredbottleorampoules.
V.ThematerialmustbethermoresistanceincaseofthermosensitiveAPIsand
shouldcontinuethispropertiesunlessuse.

9. VIMust be easy to label and thus to identify the product.
VIIProtect the content from particulate contamination.
VIII Protect the content from abrasion this may create electrostatic effect.
VIX Must be unleachable.
XProtect the content to loss of volatile materials.
XIIProtects the content from both loss and gain of water.
XIII Must be FDA approved.
➢PhysicalProperties

10. ➢ChemicalProperties
I.Abulkpackageusedduringmanufacturemustnotinteractwithadrugduring
manufacture,andfinalorindividualdosepackagingmustbeproventonothave
anyinteraction.
II.Thepackagealsomustnotinteractinasignificantwaywiththeproductduring
distributionandstoragethroughoutitsstatedshelflife
III.TheAPIshouldnotreactwithcontainerorclosure,asmighthappenincaseof
alkalinesubstancesinaluminumcontainerandcertainreactionswithplastic
containers.

11. ➢ChemicalProperties
IVPackagingmustbechemicallyinertandnontoxic.
VThecontainerortheclosuremustnotproduceanysubstancestotheproducts.
ThatmeanschangesofAPIstoadifferentisoform.Forexamples-plastic
containers.
VIMustproduceantipermeableeffectfromgasvapororliquids(oxygenand
water).Forexample,materialssuchasnylonproducepoorbarriertowater
vaporswhilesomehydrophobicmaterialsaspolyethyleneprovidemuchbetter
barriers.

12. Factors Influencing Packaging
Following factors are important to consider in pharmaceutical
packaging
1.The type of dosage form
2.The route or mode of administration or use
3.The type of pack
4.The mode of sale/marketing area
5.The mode of dispensing via a combined device/pack
6.Administration by a device separate to the pack.

13. 1. The type of dosage form
•Thetypeofdosageformisprimarilyrelatedtothephysicalstate,e.g.
solid,liquidorgas,andwhetheritissterile,nonsterile,unitdoseor
multi-dose.
•Solidsmayberegular,irregular,free-flowing,cohesive,i.e.powders,
tablets,capsules,suppositories,etc.
•Liquidorsemi-liquidproductsmaybebasedonwater,alcohol,
solvents,oils,gels,etc.,i.e.emulsions,suspensions,Creams,
ointments,solutions,etc.
•Gasesmaybeliquefied,pressurised,volatile,inert,i.e.vapours,
inhalations,aerosols.

14. 2.Therouteofadministration
•Therouteofadministrationmaymakecertainpackagingfeatures
desirableornecessary.Possibleroutesincludethefollowing.
•Oraldispensing,dosing,withabsorption/modeofactionoccurring
betweenmouthandcolon.
•Localtopicalapplicationstotheskin,hair.
•Parenteral(largeandsmallvolume)sterileproductsadministered
intravenously,intramuscularly,intrathecally,subcutaneously,etc.,in
singleormulti-dosepacks.
•Orificeintroductionear,nose,eye,rectal,vaginal,etc.
•Inhalationviamouthornoseusingafacemask,breathingtubeor
directinhalationintomouthorlungs

15. 3.Typeofpackagingmaterial
•Typeofpackcanrefertoeitherthebasicmaterialsemployed,i.e.
glass,plastic,metal,etc.or
•Thepackstyle/type,e.g.bottle,tube,sachet,blister.Packsmay
providesingle(non-reclosable)use,ormulti-use(reclosable).
•Bothgroupshaveinfluencesontheproductandhavetobeconsidered
intermsofthematerialcharacteristicsandthetotalpackagingconcept
involvingsuchfactorsasproductcompatibility,functionaland
aestheticdesign,productionperformance,materialcosts,production
costsanduserconvenience

16. 4.Modeofsalesormarketarea
•Ethicalproductsarenormallyavailableonlythroughorviathe
profession,i.e.pharmacist,doctor,dentist,nurse,veterinarian,etc.
Theymaybesuppliedeitherasabulkpackwhichisthenbrokendown
intoasmallerquantityatthepatient-dispenserinterfaceorasan
originalpackwherebyacourseoftreatmentissuppliedinthepackas
producedbythepharmaceuticalmanufacturer(alsocalledpatientpack
orunitofusepack).
•OTCorproprietaryproducts,astheirnamesuggests,areproducts
designedfordirectsaletothegeneralpublic.Howthesaleoccurs,i.e.
throughpharmacies,drugstores,etc.,largelydependsonlegal
requirementsofthecountryconcerned,andhowthedrugisclassified
intermsoftheprevailingpoisonenactments,foodanddrugs
legislation,etc

17. OTC products
Ethical products

18. 5.Administration
•Themodeofdispensingandtheuseofpackswhichactasadevicearebothrelatedtohowa
productisadministered,andtherouteormodeofadministration.Tohelptheadministration,the
packmayberequiredtoactasadispensingaidoradevice,e.g.anaerosol,orhaveaccessories
whichcaneitherbemadepartofthepackorusedasaseparateunit,e.g.adropperassembly
•Finally,thepackmayeitherbecomepartofadevice,e.g.acartridgetubewhichmaybeusedwith
areusableordisposablesyringe,orhaveaseparatedevicewhichadministerstheproductonce
removedfromthepack,e.g.ahand-orpower-operatednebuliser.

19. •From this broad introduction it should be recognisedthat the main
objective of most pharmaceutical products is to deliver, introduce or
apply a drug of proven stability and safety to a specific site where the
most effective activity can be achieved.

20. Typesofpackage:
1.Primarypackaging:
Directcontactwiththeformulations
Protectfromenvironmental,chemicalandmechanical
2.Secondarypackaging:
Secondarypackagingmaterial:
Provideinformationabouttheproduct
Protectionfromtoughhandlingduringtransportation
3.Tertiarypackaging:
Outerpackageofsecondarypackaging
Bulkhandlingandshipping

22. Glass
•Silica,sodaashandlimestonearethemainconstituentsoftheglass.In
addition,followingcompoundsareaddedintraceamounts:
•Alumina(Al2O3)increasesthehardness,durabilityandclarityofthe
glass
•Seleniumorcobaltoxidesimproveclarity
•Leadoxidegivesclarityandsparkle(butmakesglasssoft)
•Boroncompoundsgivelowthermalexpansionandhighheat-shock
resistance
•Arsenictrioxideandsodiumsulphateareaddedtoreduceblistersin
theglass.
Types of packaging materials

23. Types of Glass Main constituents Properties Uses
TypeI
Borosilicateglass
e.gPyrexBorosil
•SiO
2-80%
•B
2O
3-12%
•Al
2O
3-2%
•Na
20+Cao-6%
•Hashighmeltingpointsocan
withstandheat
•Chemicalresistant
•Reducedleachingaction
•Laboratoryglassapparatus
•Forinjections
•Forwaterforinjections
TypeII
Treatedsodalime
glass
•Madeofsodalime
glass
•Dealkalizedthe
surfacewithSO
2at
500
0
candmoisture
•Waterresistant
•Surfurtreatmentneutralizesthe
alkalineoxidesonthesurface
therebyrenderingtheglassmore
chemicallyresistant
•Usedforalkalisensitiveproducts
•Infusionfluidbloodandplasma
•Largevolumecontainer
TypeIII
Regularsodalime
glass
•Sio
2
•Na
2o
•Cao
•Itcontainshighconcentrationof
alkalineoxidesandimparts
alkalinitytoaqueoussubstances
•Flakeseparateeasily
•Maycrakeduetosuddenchange
oftemperature
•Forallsoliddosageforms(tablets,
powder)
•Foroilyinjections
•Nottobeusedforaqueous
injections
•Nottobeusedforalkaline
sensitivesubstances
NP-Non
parenteralglass
•Fororalandtopicaluse
•Notforinjections
Coloredglass •Glassandironoxide•Produceambercolorglass
•Canresistfromradiation290400
and450nm
•Forphotosensitiveproducts

24. Advantages
•Theyarehygienicandsuitableforsterilization
•Theyarerelativelynonreactive(dependingonthegradechosen)
•Itcanacceptavarietyofclosures
•Theycanbeusedonhighspeedpackaginglines
•Theyaretransparent.
•Theyhavegoodprotectionpower.
•Theycanbeeasilylabeled.

25. Disadvantages
•It is relatively heavy
•Glass is fragile so easily broken.
•Release alkali to aqueous preparation

26. Plastics
•PropertiesofPlastics:
•Plasticsaresyntheticpolymersofhighmolecularweight.
•Theyaresensitivetoheatandmaymeltorsoftenbelowat100oc.
•Theyarelightandcanbeclearoropaque(opacitytoprotectthe
containedmedicine).
•Plasticsareeasilyshapedandsealed,whichgivesgreatversatilityin
thedesignandallowstheinclusionofadministrationaids,suchasa
squeezabledropper.

27. Types of Plastics
•Thermoplastics
•In general, thermoplastics have linear and branched polymer chains.
At high temperature, thermoplastic polymers melt and become liquid,
therefore materials can be mouldedinto a variety of shapes, such as
bottles, tubes and films.
•They can be Softening and re-shaping by the application of heat and
mechanical force can be performed multiple times. Examples of
thermoplastics include: polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene, polystyrene,
polypropylene, nylon, polyester, polycarbonate

28. •Thermosetpolymer:thesearepolymerscross-linkedpolymers
•Theycanonlybeshapedoncefollowingthepolymerformation,dueto
theactthatthecross-linkedpolymerchainscannotflow.Further
heatingwouldleadtobreakageofthebondsinthepolymercauses
polymerdegradation.Examplesofthermosetpolymersare:urea
formaldehyde,epoxides,urethanes,unsaturatedpolyestersand
rubbers.
•Mainlyusenmanufacturingofclosures,asmetalcoatings,and
adhesivesinthepharmaceuticalpackagingindustry

29. •Tablebooks:(refer:Alton)
Advantages:
•Plasticcontainersarenotbreakable.
•Theyarelightinweightandresistanttoleakage.
•Theyarecheaptomanufacture.
•Theycanbeeasilymouldedorremouldedmultipletimeswith,high
qualityandwithvariousdesign.
•Plasticcontainersarechemicallyinertandresistanttocorrosion.They
arecollapsible

30. •Disadvantage
•Plasticsarelessresistanttoheatandlong-termlightexposurethan
glassandmetal.
•Plasticsarealsoliabletoundergostresscracking,wherethepresence
ofsolvents,suchasalcohols,acidsoroils,causeaplasticpackto
becomebrittle,crackandeventuallyfailovertime.
•Certaincomponentsoftheplasticpackagingmaterialcan
contaminatedtheproductbyleachingoutthepackagingmaterials.
•Theyarepermeabletomoisture

31. •METALS :
•Metal is widely used to package food, beverages, etc. Aluminiumand tinplate (a sheet of steel that
is coated with a thin deposit of tin) are the metals used in the packaging of pharmaceuticals. They
are used in the form of cans (e.g. pressurized metered dose inhaler (pMDI) containers), tubes ( or
creams, ointments, gels), pouches ( or powders, granules, liquids, suppositories), blister packs and
in closures.
•Advantages:
•It is mechanically strong and can withstand the high internal pressure in pMDIcontainers, it is
shatterproolightweight compared to glass container.
•Labels can printed directly on to their surface.
•Disadvantages:
•They are expensive.
•They react with certain chemicals

32. Rubbers and elastomers
•Theseareextensivelyusedasstoppers(closuresonparenteralcontainers).When
usedasaclosuretheyallowahypodermicneedletoenterthecontainer,andreseal
whentheneedleisremoved.
•Theyaresoftenoughtomouldandconformtotheopeningofthecontainerand
allowatightseal.
•Likeotherplastics,rubbersarenottotallyinert.Theyarepermeabletosome
extent;theymayalsoabsorbcomponentsofthepackagedproductandmayleach
residuesandlowmolecularweightcomponentsintothepackagedcontents

33. Rubbers and elastomers
•Elastomersarepolymersthatcanbestretched(toequaltoormorethantwicetheir
originallength)andwhichreturntotheiroriginallengthoncetheforceis
removed.
•Commonpharmaceuticalexamplesincludebutyl,chlorobutyl,naturalandsilicone
elastomers.Butylandchlorobutylelastomersareleastpermeabletooxygenand
watervapour.Thesematerialsarenotusedalone,however.Forexample,natural
rubberismixedwithchlorobutyltohelpresistcoringinclosureswhichmust
withstandmultiplepenetrationsbyaneedle

34. Closures
•Aclosureisadevice–e.g.stopper,lid,toporcapwhichisusedtoclosea
container,andisanintegralpartothepack.Theclosuremustbeinert,compatible
withthecontents,andprotectthelatteragainstenvironmentalhazards,suchas
oxygen,light,moisture,etc.
PropertiesofClosures:
•Theclosurehastobeuser-friendly,alloweasyopeningtoconsumersandbeeasy
toreclose(ormulti-unitpacks)
•child-resistant,tamperresistantandtamper-evident

35. •Closuresmayalsoincludedispensingdevices,e.g.apumponbottles
containingcreams.Theoutersurfaceoftheclosuremayalsoberibbed
toallowgoodgripwhenopeningbytwisting.
•Pharmaceuticalclosuresaremostlymadeofplastic(thermosetsand
thermoplastics),althoughmetalisalsoused,e.g.onparenteralvials

36. Tamper resistant packaging
Film wrapper
•Therearemainlythreetypesoffilmwrapperasfollows:
•Endfolded:itisformedbypushingthewrapperintoasheetofover
wrappingfilmwhichformsthefilmaroundtheproductandfoldtheedges
inagiftwrapfashion.Itmustbeheatsealableandtamperresistant.eg
cellophane(regeneratedcellulose)andpolypolpylene.
•Finwrapper:thesealsareformedbycrimpingthefilmtogetherand
sealingtogetherthetwoinsidesurfacesofthefilmproducingafinseal.
Polyethyeleneandsurlaynareused.
•ShrinkWrap:Itisusedinwrapfromwiththecenterfoldedinthedirection
ofwinding.Asthefilmunwindinoverwrappingmachine,apacketis
formedinwhichtheproductisinserted.RemainingoverwrapissealedbyL
shapedslealerandtrimsofftheexcessfilm.Heatshrinkablepolyethyelene,
polypropyleneandpolyvinylchloride.

37. End
folded
Fin
wrapper

38. Shrink
wrap

39. •Advantages of Film Wrapper
•Itsdurable
•Providehighqualityfeaturesanditshardtodamage
•Facilitatelongdistancetransport

40. Blister packaging
•Blisterpackorbubblepackiswidelyusedinvarietyofproductssuchin
smallconsumergoods,foods,andinpharmaceuticals.
•Blistering:BlisteringistheprocessofmakingBlistersorenclosingthe
tablets&capsules.
•Blisterpackagingiscomposedofsemirigidblisterortransfarentblister
whichisfilledwithproductandliddedwithaheatsealablebacking
material.Backingmaterialcanbeeitherpushthroughorpeelabletype.
Pushthroughiscoatedwithheatsealablealuminiumfoil.
•Blisterpackagingmustbetamperresistantandchildresistant
•Musthavesufficienttensilestrength
Tamper resistant packaging

41. Blister
packaging

42. Advantages of Blister packaging
•Theyprovidebarrierprotectiontotheproductfrommoisture,gas,
light&temperature
•Theyalsoprovideadegreeoftamperresistance
•Thepatientcouldhandletheblisterpackagemoreeasilyandcould
storeitmoreconvenientlythanconventionalpackages.
•Reducedcostsandprovidehigherpackagingspeedsrelativetoother
packagingmaterials.
•lotnumber,andexpirationdateofthedosageformcanbelabelled.

43. •Strippackage
•Itisaunitdosepackagingandcommonlyusedfortabletsandcapsules
Astrippackageisformedbyfeedingtwowebsofaheatsealable
flexiblefilmthroughaheatcrimpingrollerorheatedreciprocating
platen.
•Theproductisdroppedintothepocketformpriortoformingfinalset
ofseals.
Tamper resistant packaging

44. Strip packaging

45. •Bubblepackismadebysandwichingtheproductbetweena
thermoformable,extensibleorheatshrinkableplasticfilmandrigid
backingmaterial.Productaredroppedintothepocketthensealedby
arigidmaterialsuchasheatsealcoatedpaperboard.
•ShrinkbandingHeatshrinakblepolymersuchasPVCisusedinthis
typeofpackaging.Itsdiametermustbeslightlylargerthenthecapand
neckofthebottletobesealed.Tearperformtionsaresuppliedtoeasy
openingofshrinkband
Tamper resistant packaging

46. •Tapesealsandbreakablecaps
Theseareapplicationofagluedorpressuresensitivetapeorlabelaroundor
overtheclosurepackagewhichmustbedestroyedtogainaccesstothe
packagedproduct.Poortearstrengthwithlightweightpaperisusedfor
labelling.
Breakablecapsarecomeswithvarietyoftypessuchasrolloncapanda
ratchetstyleplasticcap.
Tamper resistant packaging

47. •Aerosols containers
•It consists of a drawn aluminum.
•A hydrocarbon propellant along with the product is added into the
container
•A spray nozzle holding with a gasketedmetal ferrule is crimped over
the opening of the container.
•A polyethylene tube or dipped tube is attached to the inside of the
spray nozzle dipped into the product. Its draw the product into the
nozzles when sprayer is activated.
•Spray nozzle are usually metered to allow a specific dose to be
dispensed with each spray.

49. •Sealed tubes or collapsible tubes
•Theseusuallyconsistofmetal,plasticsorlaminationsoffoil,plasticsandpaper.
•Metaltubesareusedwhichrequirethehighdegreeofbarrierprotection.Thisare
madeofaluminumandusuallycoated.Punctureinsertsconsistof3to5mm
aluminumtoprovidetamperresistant.
•Thismustbepuncturedtopriedoutormovetogainaccesstotheproduct.
.
Tamper resistant packaging

50. •Extrudedplasticstubearewidelyusedfortheproductwhicharecompatiblewith
thelimitedbarriercharacteristicsoftheplastics.
•Laminatorstubeisemployforthehighbarrierprotectedmaterials.Theyare
consistoffoilpaperandplasticswithmultilayerlamination.
•Thistubemadeoflaminatedbodywithheadinjectionmoldedontothetube.Since
theheadisinjection-moldedanynumberofdesignthatmustbecutorbrokento
gainaccesstotheproduct

51. Laminates
•Alaminateismadebybondingtogethertwoormoreplies(layers)of
differentmaterials,suchaspaper,plasticandmetal.Theaimistocombine
thedesirablepropertiesofthedifferentpliesintoasinglepackaging
structure.eglaminatedtube.
•Laminatesareusedtoproducepharmaceuticalpackssuchassachets,blister
packs,tubes,pouches,etc.
•Anexampleisastructureconsistingofpaper/metaloil/polytheneplies,
usedforsachetpackaging.Thepaperprovidesstrength,printabilityandthe
abilitytoeasilytearthepackage,theoilprovidesanexcellentbarrierto
light,moistureandgasesandthepolytheneenablesheatsealability.
•Itiscosteffective.
Tamper resistant packaging

52. •Pharmaceutical packaging testing:
•Deformationvscompressiveforces:
•Thistestmeasuresthecompressivestrengthofthepackagingsuch
boxes,drumsandcans.
•Packingincludesshippingcontainersmadeofcorrugatedfiberboard,
woodenboxesandcrates

53. •Distribution simulation test:
•This test includes stability of packaging materials during shipping from
manufacture to the sterilization facility, distribution center, health
care facility, etc.
•A medical package falling from a fork lift, swaying around a truck
during transit, or being stacked on top of other packages / containers
in a storage warehouse are all examples of distribution occurrences.

54. •Packagingintegritytest:
•Dyetest-sealintegritytest.Dyesolutionisusedtoinspectanydefects
insterileclosureseal.
•Visualinspection
•Bubbletest
•Leaktest

55. •Packagingstrengthtest:
•Packagingmaterialintegritytest.Itistoensurethatpackaging
materialsarenotgoingtodeformorseparatewhenspecialforcesare
applied.Sealpealorbursttestingmethodisused.
•Vibrationstrengthtest:
•Thistestconfirmsthedurabilityofpackagingduringdistribution.
•Hydraulictablereplicatetest.
•Forklifttesttoensurethepackagesintegrityexposuretoshock.
Rotationaledgedropandflatdroptestareincludes.

56. •Water attack test:
•This test is to determine the leaches alkalhifrom the surface of the
container. Examples; glasses
•Hydrolytic resistance test or withstand to heat during autoclave.
•Arsenic test for glass containers intended purpose for parenteral
dosage forms
•Thermal shock test: breaks and cracks of the containers during
thermal shock.
•Leakage test. Presence of cracks or breakage.

57. •Fragmentation test for rubber closure: detect the number of
fragments visible on the rubber.
•Self sealabitytest for closures intend to be used for parenteral
solution for multiple use.
•Light absorption test:
•Water vapor permeability test.

58. Different types of packaging machines
Blister packaging:
•Thepharmacyblisterpackingmachineisaunitdosingpackaging
machineforthepharmaceuticalindustry.
•Thismachineusesblistermaterialslikepolyvinylchloride,
polystyrene,andpolypropylene,amongothers
•Tablet,capsulesandotherproductssuchassyringe,bottles,ampoules
andvials.
•Theirfunctiosincludehandleauto-counting,horizontalperforation,
wastersidecutting,printingbatchnumbers,andautopunching

59. Blister packaging

60. •Strippackingmachine:
•Itprovidehighspeedrateforpackingvariousproductsliketablets,
capsules,etc.
•Themachinehasaveryhighpackingspeedofupto2400unitsper
minute
•themachineissuitableformostheat-sealablefoilssuchasaluminum
poly,glassine,andpaperpoly

61. Strip packaging machine

62. •Functionsinclude
•Usedtopackageuncoatedandcoatedtablets
•Itisalsousedtopackagehardgelatin,softgelatin,andcapsules.
•Confectionaryproductssuchaslozengesandmedicinalchewinggums
•Itisalsousedintheproductionlineforautomaticproductioninthe
bigindustries

63. •EffervescentTabletspackingmachineisdesignedtopack
effervescenttabletsintotubes.
•Thismachineaccuratelypackslargenumbersoftabletsinthe
elongatedtubes.
•Thismakesitsuitableforpackagingfragileproductslikethe
effervescenttabletswithinashorttime
Effervescent tablets machine

64. •Syrup powder filler:
•The primary function of the syrup powder filler machine is to fill the
syrup powder into the ampoules bottles. It is mostly used in the
pharmaceutical industry because it ensures strict parameter of
cleanliness, thus avoiding contamination.
•The filler machine is also used in sealing of the filled ampoule bottles
with the help of SS conveyor belt.
•Its is used as a washing machine.
•It also helps in the mixing of the syrup, and labeling of the already
filled bottles.

65. Syrup powder filler

66. CartoningMachineinPharmaceuticalIndustry
•Acartoningmachineisusedforpackaging
pharmaceuticalproductsintocartons.

67. •LiquidFillingPackagingMachine
•Liquidfillingmachineisspecificallydesignedtofillliquidsintovarious
containers.
•Followingpackagingmaterialsareusedforfillingliquiddosageforms:
•Bottles
•Vials
•Ampoules
•IVbags
•Functions
•Ensureaccuratefillingwithnowastages
•Thefillingprocessmustbeaccuarte
•Helptoachieveconsistentandreliablefills
•Fillingmustbefreeofcontamination

68. Liquid filling packaging machine

69. •Packaging line
•In an industrial process, the final phase is the packaging line. In the
pharmaceuticalsector, the function of this lineis to convey the
productsto be packaged. Generally, it can be operated by an operator
and/or controlled from a computer station
•For dry pharmaceutical product.
•Inhalers, tablets, gelatin capsules or powder filled sachet or injection
containers. Additional machines include coating machines for tablets,
fillers and blister packaging machines

70. Packaging line for pharmaceutical products

71. •Filling machines for liquid products
•Either single machines or complete line for liquid pharmaceutical
products where the bottle, ampoule or needle is washed, sterilized,
filled, sealed and marked.
•The line can be built in an isolator and include inspection machines,
sterilization and aggregation

72. Filling machine for liquid products

73. •Stick-pack and sachet machines are produced for powder, gel and
fluid products. The output for these lines are 50-600 units/min
depending on the machine model
Stick-packandsachetmachine

74. Labeling
•The pharmaceutical industry has stringent labeling requirements
•The US, for example, has the Fair Packaging and Labeling Act, which
guides how this labeling must be done.
•For example, the label must include product identity, contents,
manufacturer and supplier address, net quantity, and prescription
information.