pharmacology , introduction to Antibiotics

introduction to pharmacology, antimicrobials classification, mechanisms, indications and choice

1. Antibiotics Introduction

2. Intro; Substances produced by microorganisms Inhibits growth of or kills other microorganisms Activity 1 Read and make brief notes on; a. history and development of antibiotics b. Bactericidal abx vs Bacteriostatic abx

3. Classification of abx based on mechanism of action Cell wall synthesis inhibitors Beta lactams; penicillin Cephalosporins carbapenems Monobactams Others Bacitracin vancomycin Glycopeptide s

4. Protein synthesis inhibitors Aminoglycosides Macrolides Tetracyclines Lincosamides Streptogramins Linezolid chloramphenicol

5. DNA Synthesis inhibitors Fluoroquinolones Metronidazol e Rifampin Isoniazid Trimethoprim Sulfonamides

6. Beta lactam antibiotics Penicillins Ampicillin, Amoxycillin, Methicillin, Cloxacillin Cephalosporins 1 st , 2 nd , 3 rd , 4 th 5 th generations 1 st generation Cefazolin, cephalexin, cefadroxil 2 nd generation Cefuroxime, cefaclor, cefoxitin 3 rd generation Ceftriaxone, ceftazidime, cefotaxime

7. Ct Carbapenems Imipenem, meropenem, ertapenem Monobactams Aztreonam Vancomycin Beta lactamase inhibitors Clavulanic acid

8. Protein synthesis inhibitors Tetracyclines 30, g+ve , g- ve Tetracycline, oxytetracycline, doxycycline Aminoglycosides 30s g- ve Streptomycin, neomycin, gentamicin, amikacin Macrolides 50s, g- ve , g+ve Erythromycin, clarithromycin, azithromycin Lincosamide Clindamycin 5os , g+ve , lincomycin, Others, linezolids50s , g+ve , chloramphenicol 50s , g- ve , g+ve

9. DNA replication/ synthesis inhibitors Quinolones g- ve , g+ve Natural, nalidixic acid With fluorine, fluoroquinolones Ciprofloxacin Norfloxacin Ofloxacin Levofloxacin Metronidazole G- ve , g+ve