PHARMACOLOGY OF DRUGS ACTING ON RESPIRATORY SYSTEM.pptx

"Managing Respiratory Conditions: Understanding Key Medications,"
"Explore the world of respiratory medications with this comprehensive SlideShare presentation. Dive into the various categories of drugs used to manage respiratory conditions, from bronchodilators to corticosteroids, discovering their mechanisms, significance, and role in improving lung health. Uncover the importance of each medication category, their functions, and their impact on conditions like asthma, COPD, and allergies. Get insights into how these medications work and their relevance in providing relief, controlling symptoms, and enhancing overall well-being in individuals with respiratory issues. Dive into this informative journey and gain a deeper understanding of the pharmacology behind breathing better and living healthier."

1. PHARMACOLOGY OF DRUGS ACTING ON RESPIRATORY SYSTEM ANUP MISHRA SCHOOL OF PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCE’S CSJM UNIVERSITY, KANPUR

2. Introduction Respiratory medications are vital for managing breathing problems like asthma and COPD . They ease symptoms, improve lung function, and prevent flare-ups, allowing people to breathe easier and live better. They're crucial in controlling respiratory conditions and enhancing overall quality of life. 2

3. Classification Bronchodilators Beta2-Agonists Anticholinergics Inhaled Corticosteroids (ICS) Combination Medications Leukotriene Modifiers Mucolytics and Expectorants Phosphodiesterase-4 (PDE4) Inhibitors Antihistamines and Decongestants 3

4. 4

5. 5

6. Bronchodilators Bronchodilators are meds that relax and widen lung airways. They work by targeting specific muscles around air passages, easing breathing in conditions like asthma or COPD. They quickly relieve symptoms like wheezing and help improve airflow, making it easier to breathe. 6 Drug names Albuterol (Ventolin) Salmeterol (Serevent) Formoterol ( Foradil ) Ipratropium Bromide (Atrovent) Tiotropium (Spiriva)

7. Inhaled Corticosteroids (ICS) 7 ICS (Inhaled Corticosteroids) reduce airway inflammation in respiratory conditions. They work by calming down swelling and irritation in the lungs, helping to prevent flare-ups and improving breathing in diseases like asthma and COPD. Drug names Fluticasone (Flovent) Budesonide (Pulmicort) Beclomethasone (QVAR)

8. Combination Medications 8 Combination drugs in respiratory treatment merge different medications into one, offering a comprehensive approach to managing lung conditions. They typically combine bronchodilators and corticosteroids. These medications work together to widen airways, reduce inflammation, and improve lung function. Using them in one inhaler simplifies treatment, enhances convenience, and addresses multiple aspects of respiratory conditions like asthma and COPD effectively. Drug names Fluticasone/Salmeterol (Advair) Budesonide/Formoterol (Symbicort)

9. Leukotriene Modifiers 9 Leukotriene modifiers manage respiratory conditions by targeting leukotrienes, inflammatory chemicals that contribute to airway constriction and inflammation. These medications help reduce swelling, ease breathing, and prevent asthma symptoms. They are used as an alternative or additional therapy in asthma, aiding in long-term control and minimizing the need for rescue medications. Drug names Montelukast ( Singulair ) Zafirlukast (Accolate) Zileuton (Zyflo)

10. Mucolytics and Expectorants 10 Mucolytics: These medications help break down thick, sticky mucus in the airways, making it thinner and easier to cough up. This action assists in clearing congestion and improving breathing in conditions like COPD and chronic bronchitis. Expectorants: These drugs work by increasing the production of respiratory tract fluids, thinning the mucus and making it easier to expel from the lungs. They promote coughing to clear the airways of excessive mucus, aiding in respiratory relief during coughs and colds. Drug names Acetylcysteine ( Mucomyst ) Guaifenesin (Mucinex)

11. Phosphodiesterase-4 (PDE4) Inhibitors 11 PDE4 inhibitors reduce inflammation in severe COPD by targeting an enzyme called phosphodiesterase-4. By inhibiting this enzyme, these medications help decrease inflammation in the lungs. This action helps to improve lung function, reduce exacerbations, and enhance symptoms in severe COPD cases. PDE4 inhibitors like Roflumilast ( Daliresp ) are used as add-on therapy in managing severe COPD. Drug name Roflumilast ( Daliresp )

12. Antihistamines and Decongestants 12 Antihistamines: Medications like Loratadine (Claritin), Cetirizine (Zyrtec), and Fexofenadine (Allegra) block histamine, a chemical released during allergic reactions. They alleviate symptoms like sneezing, itching, and runny nose by reducing the body's allergic response. Decongestants: Drugs such as Pseudoephedrine (Sudafed) and Phenylephrine (Sudafed PE) work by narrowing blood vessels in the nasal passages, reducing swelling and congestion. They provide relief from stuffy nose and sinus pressure caused by allergies or colds. Drug names Loratadine (Claritin) Cetirizine (Zyrtec) Fexofenadine (Allegra) for antihistamines. Pseudoephedrine (Sudafed) Phenylephrine (Sudafed PE) for decongestants .

13. SUMMARY 13 Bronchodilators: Widens airways, eases breathing, and alleviates symptoms like wheezing and shortness of breath in conditions like asthma and COPD. Inhaled Corticosteroids (ICS): Reduces airway inflammation, preventing flare-ups and improving lung function in chronic respiratory diseases. Combination Medications: Provides a comprehensive approach by combining bronchodilators and corticosteroids in a single inhaler, addressing multiple aspects of respiratory conditions for enhanced effectiveness. Leukotriene Modifiers: Targets inflammatory chemicals, aiding in long-term control of asthma and reducing the need for rescue medications. Mucolytics and Expectorants: Helps manage mucus-related issues by breaking down thick mucus and aiding its expulsion, improving breathing in conditions like COPD and chronic bronchitis. Phosphodiesterase-4 (PDE4) Inhibitors: Reduces inflammation in severe COPD cases, improving lung function and minimizing exacerbations. Antihistamines and Decongestants: Manages allergy symptoms and congestion by blocking allergic responses and reducing nasal swelling, respectively. Each category of medications plays a crucial role in managing respiratory conditions, addressing specific aspects such as inflammation, airway constriction, mucus clearance, and symptom relief, thereby improving overall respiratory health and quality of life.

14. "Respiratory medications don't just open airways; they open the door to a better quality of life." 14