Phases of matter

STUDENT PRESENTATION

1. PHASES OF MATTER BY S.ANGEL M.SC NEURO

2. OBJECTIVES: At the end of the class the students will be able to Define matter Explain the phases of matter Define an atom and a molecule Explain the properties of an atom and a molecule

3. Phases of matter Matter exist in four phases Solid Liquid Air plasma

4. Solid : A solid is matter in which the molecules are very close together and cannot move around. Examples of solids include rocks, wood, and ice (frozen water).

5. Liquid : A liquid is matter in which the molecules are close together and move around slowly. Examples of liquids include drinking water, mercury at room temperature, and lava.

6. Gas : A gas is matter in which the molecules are widely separated, move around freely, and move at high speeds. Examples of gases include the gases we breathe (nitrogen, oxygen, and others), the helium in balloons, and steam (water vapor ).

7. Plasma : A plasma is a gas that is composed of free-floating ions and free electrons. A plasma conducts electrical currents. There are many different types of plasmas. There is plasma in stars (including our Sun); our Solar System is made of plasma.

8. PHASES OF MATTER

9. SOLID TO LIQUID MELTING: M elting is the process by which a substance changes from the solid phase to the liquid phase . Example: melting of an ice cube into water

10. LIQUID TO GAS: BOILING Boiling is the rapid vaporization of a liquid, which occurs when a liquid is heated to its boiling point, the temperature at which the vapour pressure of the liquid is equal to the pressure exerted on the liquid by the surrounding atmosphere

11. SOLID TO GAS: SUBLIMING: Sometimes solid matters can go directly from solid to gas. This is called SUBLIMING.

12. LIQUID TO SOLID: FREEZING: The process through which a substance changes from a liquid to a solid. All liquids except helium undergo freezing when the temperature becomes sufficiently cold. Example: water changing to ice.

13. GAS TO LIQUID: CONDENSATION: Condensation is the process of a substance in a gaseous state transforming into a liquid state. This change is caused by a change in pressure and temperature of the substance. Example: your hot shower cooled when it met the surface of the cold mirror. This caused the water vapour to condense, or turn into its liquid form.

14. GAS TO SOLID: DEPOSITION: The direct solidification of a vapour by cooling; the reverse of sublimation. example: