Philippine-History.pptx all about history of the Philippines

This is all about Philippines

1. PHILIPPINE HISTORY

2. NAMES GIVEN TO PHILIPPINES Ma-Yi- Land of Gold (Mindoro) Chinese Traders Maniolas - Ptolemy’s ancient map Archipelago of St. Lazarus- Ferdinand M agellan Las Islas Felipinas - Ruy Lopez de Villalobos NICKNAME: “Pearl of the Orient Seas” Fr. Juan J. Delgado/Dr. Jose Rizal

3. The country is affected by two wind pattern: Southwest monsoon or habagat – blown from June to September Northeast monsoon or amihan – blown from October through April WIND PATTERN

4. Total Land Area – 300,780 sq.km Islands – 7,641 (2,773- named, 1,190- inhabited) Total Land Area – 300,780 sq.km Capital – Manila Island Groups – Luzon, Visayas , Mindanao Northern Island – Y’ami Southern Island – Saluag Coastline- 34,600 World’s longest San Juanico Straight- World’s narrowest Sraight GEOGRAPHY

5. Philippine Deep- North of Mindanao , World’s deppest sea Highest Mountain- Mt. Apo Longest River- Cagayan River Largest Lake- Laguna de Bay Smallest Volcano- Taal Volcano/ World’s smallest volcano Central Plain- Rice Grannary of the Philippines GEOGRAPHY

6. PRE-HISPANIC SETTLEMENTS

7. The waves of migration theory

8. The first Settlers of the Philippines 1. AETAS/NEGRITOS - the first settlers who arrived in the country according to H. Otley Beyer between 12,000 to 15,000 years ago.

9. The first Settlers of the Philippines 2. Indones - second aborigines/inhabitant - They were tall, white and straight hair groups and with little technical know-how – build bancas , built houses from light materials. There were two waves – First, wave were called Indonese A from a Mongolian who came around 3000 BC while Indonese B arrived around 1000 BC

10. The first Settlers of the Philippines 3. Malays Most advance civilization among the three. They came around 200 BC from Borneo through their water transportation called balangay .

11. The BARANGAY

12. The Barangay as Seacraft BALANGAY- Seacraft headed by a Datu that sailed from Borneo which became the etymology of the word BARANGAY.

13. ANCIENT BARANGAY SOCIETY

14. Datu , Freemen and Slave There were three social positions in each community: Datu - Chieftain Maharlika - Nobles Timawa - Freemen Uripun - slave Aliping Saguiguilid Aliping namamahay

15. IMPERIAL SPAIN

16. Christopher Columbus

17. TREATIES Treaty of Tordesillas - From papal Bull given by Pope Alexander VI stating that all discoveries in the East will be given to Portugal, while those that are in the west will be for Spain. Treaty of Zaragoza- Spain sold the Moluccas to Portugal, but in the Treaty of Tordesillas , Moluccas was officially a part of Portugal’s Discovery opportunity

18. REASON OF SPAIN’S COLONIZATION GOD- Preach Christianity (Roman Catholicism GOLD- Find riches GLORY- Find fame as a leading discoverer in renaissance RENAISSANCE- “Rebirth” An intellectual and artistic rejuvenation in Europe. RECONQUISTA- Redeem lost territories to Moslems

19. SPAIN EXPEDITION TO THE PHILIPPINES

20. FERDINAND MAGELLAN Born in 1480 at  Sabrosa , Portugal, to a family of minor Portuguese nobility Planned to discover the east trough the westward route. Opened the idea to King Manuel of Portugal but was not granted.

21. FERDINAND MAGELLAN Asked Queen Isabel and King Ferdinand of Spain and was granted support. Started voyage on September 20, 1517 with 5 ships and 265 men. (250) in other sources.

22. 5 SHIPS OF MAGELLAN 1. Trinidad  - lead ship accompanied by four other ships: 2. the San Antonio , 3. the  Conception , 4. the  Victoria , and 5. the  Santiago

23. “They introduced themselves, and they gave us the name of the other islands that could be seen from where we were. Their own island, which was not that big was called Zuluan ” - Antonio Pigafetta Recorder of the events of the expedition

24. enrique A malay slave believe to be a native of Spice Islands that served as a translator and guide for the expedition

25. MAGELLAN’S VOYAGE Moluccas (Indonesia) – Spice island San Antonio (one ship)- Deserted Magellan and came back to Spain November 1520- Came to a straight in South America which was later named the Sraight of Magellan Named Pacific Ocean “Mar Pacifico ” Peaceful Seas

26. March 16, 1521 , Saw Samar European Discovery of the International Date Line

27. TRANSIT IN THE PHILIPPINES March 17, 1521- Homonhon , Leyte March 31, 1521- Limasawa (Rajah Kulambo ) Blood compact and First Mass “Fr. Pedro Valderama ” named the Philippines “Archipelago De San Lazaro April 7, 1521- Cebu (Rajah Humabon ) April 14, Blood Compact and Magellan’s cross was erected - Wife of Humabon was named Juana and was given a Santo Nino

28. On April 28, 1521 , Magellan was killed in the battle of Mactan against Lapu Lapu - First Filipino Hero

29. The Victoria The last remaining shift of Magellan expedition to return in Spain at San Lucar (September 6, 1522) and Seville on September 22, 1522.

30. The Victoria From the original crew of 250 only 18 survived and return to Spain under the leadership of Sebastian Elcano .

31. Magellan Expedition Is considered as one of the most important voyages in all of history. The expedition proved that the world was indeed round and that there were other places in the east to explore and conquer.

32. OTHER EXPEDITIONS

33. LOAISA EXPEDITION (1523-1536) Headed by Juan Garcia Jofre de Loaisa The expedition reached Mindanao and Moluccas. Had difficulty returning to Europe and were only able to reach Spain in 1536 by surrendering to their traditional enemies, - the Portuguese.

34. CABOT EXPEDITION 1526

35. SAAVEDRA EXPEDITION (1527-1529) headed by Alvaro Saavedra Ceron . Sailed with three ships namely: 1. The Espiritu Santo 2. The Santiago 3. La Florida

36. SAAVEDRA EXPEDITION (1527-1529) The expedition aims to rescue the survivors of the previous expedition particularly in finding the Trinidad, - the ship of Magellan as per order of King Charles V.

37. SAAVEDRA EXPEDITION (1527-1529) They could not make the return journey to Spain because of the monsoon winds. This expedition later on surrendered to the Portuguese in the Moluccas.

38. Villalobos Expedition (1542-1546) Ruy Lopez de Villalobos was the captain of this expedition of six ships. Successfully reached Mindanao, Sarangani and Leyte. He called these islands “ Felipinas ” after the Crown Prince of Spain, Prince Philip II.

39. LEGASPI Expedition (1542-1546) Headed by Miguel Lopez de Legaspi together with navigator Andres de Urdaneta Legazpi is considered to be the Adelantado : the first Spanish conquistador in the Philippines.

40. LEGAZPI’S TRANSIT February 3, 1565- Reached Bohol and has a blood compact with Raja Sikatuna April 27, 1565- Fought Raja Tupas , son of Humabon Won over Tupas and made Cebu the first Spanish settlement in the Philippines Named cebu “San Miguel”

41. LEGASPI Expedition (1542-1546) Martin de Goiti - Legazpi’s General. Defeated Soliman of Maynila June 24, 1571- Manila became the new capital of the Philippines June 24- Founding day of Manila

42. LEGASPI Expedition (1542-1546) On June 24, 1571, Legazpi founded the city of Manila upon the former outpost of Raja Soliman, officially establishing the Spanish colony in the Philippines with himself as the first Governor-General.

43. WHY THE PHILIPPINES FELL TO SPAIN? The Filipino’s were not united The Spaniards had a great Leader (Legazpi) The Spaniards had a supreme weapon The Filipino’s became Christians

44. PHILIPPINES UNDER SPAIN Colonized for 333 years (1565-1898) Governor-General- Representative of the King Miguel Lopez De Legazpi- Fisrt Gov. gen Diego De Los Rios- last Gov. Gen.

45. PHILIPPINES UNDER SPAIN Encomienda- Land given to the conquestadores - Rented by the Filipino’s Encomendero - Owner of the Encomienda ( kepper of taxes) in the Encomienda Encomendero’s become abusive so it was abolished and the Alcaldia started

46. PHILIPPINES UNDER SPAIN ROYAL AUDENCIA- Supreme Court Visitador - Checker of Gov. Gen. (Visiting from Mexico) Resedencia - Checker of Gov. Gen- Alwasys in the Philippines Ayuntamiento - Cities Corregimiento - Military provinces headed by Corregidores Alcaldia - Peaceful Provinces headed by Alcalde Mayor Pueblo- Town headed by Goberbadorcillo Baranggay - Headed by Cabeza de Barangay

47. PHILIPPINES UNDER SPAIN Bandala - Force patronage of Spanish Product Polo Y Servicio - Forced labor for 40 days a year for men aged 16-60 Tributo - Tax Falla - Payment to be excemted from Polo Polista - Men doing Polo Reales - Money Bolito - Ticket to Galleon trade- Exchange of product from Manila to Acapulco, Mexico

48. PHILIPPINES UNDER SPAIN OBRAS PIAS- Interest from loans that are given to charitable institutions Banco-Espanol - Filipino 1861 (Bank of the Philippine islands- BPI) Oldest bank in the Philippines

49. PHILIPPINES UNDER SPAIN SOCIAL CLASS: PENINSULARES- Pure Spanish born in Spain INSULARES- Pure Spanish born in the Philippines CREOLE- Half Spanish, half Indio or Chinese PRINCIPALIA- Rich Filipino’s INDIO- Pure Filipino

50. PHILIPPINES UNDER SPAIN New Calendar- Gov. Gen. Nar ciso Claveria Use of Surnames- Gov. Gen. Narciso Claveria Executed Rizal- Gov. Gen. Polavieja The Liberal Gov. Gen. – Carlos Ma. De La Torre Tobacoo Monopoly- Gov. Gen. Jose Basco Doctrina Cristiana- First Book Published University of Sto . Tomas- Oldest University Colegio De Sta. Isabel- Oldest school for girls Del Superior Govierno - First Newspaper Observatory of Manila- (Fr. Federico Faura ) Oldest weather Center in Asia

51. FILIPINO REVOLTS UNDER SPAIN REVOLT LEADER CAUSE ACHIEVEMENT Dagohoy (Bohol) Francisco Dagohoy Refusal of Friars to give his brother a Catholic burial Longest Revolt. 85 years Silang Revolt ( Ilocos ) Diego Silang and Gabriela Silang Freedom from Spain Gabriela was named Joan of Arc of Ilocos Sumuroy (Samar) Sumuroy Polo Y Servicio Spread from Visayas to Luzon ( Albay and Camarines ) and Mindanao ( Zmboanga )

52. FILIPINO REVOLTS UNDER SPAIN REVOLT LEADER CAUSE ACHIEVEMENT Basi ( Ilocos ) Drunkard Ilocanos Bandala (The Spaniards did not allow the Ilocanos to ferment and drink Basi - their native wine First Unusual revolution Hermano Pule Hermano Pule Religious Freedom First Filipino Religion ( Confradias De San Jose)

53. PROPAGANDA MOVEMENT A Peaceful movement of young Filipino Ilustrados (Educated) to crusade for reforms in the Philippines. Equality of Filipinos and Spaniards before the laws Restoration of the Philippine representation in the Spanish Cortes Secularization of Philippine parishes and the expulsion of friars Human rights for Filipinos and freedom to meet and petition to redress their grievances

54. PROPAGANDA MOVEMENT La Solidaridad - Newspaper of the Propaganda Founded by Graciano Lopez Jaena (First Editor) Marcelo H. Del Pilar - Second and Greatest Editor

55. PROPAGANDA MOVEMENT NAME PROFESSION PEN NAME Dr. Jose Rizal Physician Dimasalang , Laong Laan Marcelo Del Pilar Lawyer Plaridel , Dolores manapat Graciano Lopez Jaena Journalist Diego laura Mariano Ponce Physician Tikbalang , naning , kalipulako Antonio Luna Pharmacist Taga-ilog Jose Maria Panganiban Linguist JoMaPa Emilio Jacinto Writer Dimasilaw , Pingkian

56. PROPAGANDA MOVEMENT NAME PROFESSION PEN NAME Andres Bonifacio Supremo Agapito bagumbayan , Maypagasa Pio Valenzuela Writer Madlang Awa Apolinario Mabini Presidential Adviser Bini , Paralitico Juan Luna Painter Buan Emilio Aguinaldo President Magdalo

57. THE KATIPUNAN Kataas Taasang Kagalang-galangang Katipunan ng mga Anak ng Bayan July 7, 1892 Deodato Arellano-First president Andres Bonifacio -First supremo AIMS: To transform from assimilation to separation Unite the Filipino into one Nation Independence.

58. THE KATIPUNAN Emilio Jacinto- Brain of the Katipunan : Kartilla Apolinario Mabini- Sublime Paralytic (Dark Pres.) Gregoria De Jesus- Lakambini of Katipunan Kalayaan - Newspaper of the katipunan Teodoro Pati ň o - Told about the katipunan to his sister Honoria who confessed to the priest Padre Mariano Gil (August 19,1896)

59. THE PHILIPPINE REVOLUTION 1896-1901 August 23,1896- Cry of Balintawak CAUSES: Abuses of Spanish Priests and Officials Persecution of Filipino Leaders Desire to regain Independence August 30, 1896- First Battle at San Juan Del Monte December 30, 1896- Rizal was executed

60. EMILIO Aguinaldo- First President March 22, 1897- Tejeros Assembly (Aguinaldo was proclaimed President) Daniel Tirona - Protested Bonifacio’s position as Interior Secretary May 5, 1897- Bonifacio and Procopio was sentenced to death at Maragondon , Cavite (May 10- They were killed) November 1, 1897- The Biak na Bato Republic was created December 15, 1897- Pact of Biak na Bato

61. EMILIO Aguinaldo- First President Pact of Biak na Bato - Pact between Spain and Aguinaldo because no one could win the war Gov. Gen. Primo De Rivera- Signed the Pact of Biak na Bato December 30, 1897- Aguinaldo was exiled to Hong-Kong P 1.7 million payment but only P 600,000 was paid

62. COMING OF AMERICA and RETURN OF AGUINALDO Spanish-American War May 1, 1898- George Dewey captured Manila from Spain May 19, 1898- Aguinaldo returned to the Philippines June 12, 1898- Phil Independence was proclaimed at Kawit , Cavite Marcha national Filipina- Julian Filepe Philippine Flag- Marcela Agoncillo December 10, 1898- Treaty of Paris Spain ceded the Philippines to US at 20 million dollars

63. FIRST PHILIPPINE REPUBLIC September 15, 1898- The Malolos Congress was held and the Malolos Constitution was created January 22, 1899- First philippine Republic was proclaimed at Barasoain Church First Phil. Republic is the first republic in Asia- lasted for two years (January 22, 1899 to march 23, 1901

64. US-PHILIPPINE WAR February 4, 1899- Private Robert Grayson shot a Filipino soldier at the San Juan Bridge June 5, 1899- Gen. Antonio Luna was killed March 23, 1901- Aguinaldo was captured April 1, 1901- Aguinaldo took the oath of allegiance April 16, 1902- General Miguel Malvar surrendered September 25,1903- General Simeon Ola of Albay surrendered. The last Filipino General to surrender July 4, 1902- US Pres. Theodore Roosevelt declared end of Filipino-American war

65. FAMOUS AMERICAN GOVERNOR-GENERAL Wesley Merrit - First Military-Governor William Howard Taft- First Governor-General Philippines for the Filipino’s Frank Harrison- 96% of government officials are Filipino Leonard Wood- The best men in the Philippines are Women Dwight Davis- Sports minded Gov. gen. (Davis Cup- Tennis) Frank Murphy- Last Governor General

66. THE COMMONWEALTH Philippine Bill of 1902- Created the Philippine Assembly Sergio Osmena as Speaker and Manuel Quezon as majority Floor leader Jones Law- Philippine Autonomy Act (Under Gov. Gen.) Hare-Hawes-Cutting Law- First law for Philippine Independence (Rejected by Quezon) Tydings -McDuffie Law- Created the Commonwealth- Transition to independence for ten years September 17, 1935- First national Elections in the Philippines (Quezon-President, Osmena -VP)

67. THE second world war 1941-1945 Worst war in the world Allied Forces- US, Britain, China, France and Russia) Axis- Germany, Italy and Japan December 8, 1941- Attack on Pearl Harbor USAFFE- United States Armed Forces in The far East (Commander, General Douglas MacArthur) February 20, 1942- Quezon and Osmena left Corregidor by Submarine to Australia OPEN CITY- Manila is ready for occupation August 1, 1944- Pres. Quezon died

68. THE second world war March 17, 1942- I shall Return, Australia Fall of Bataan- Resulted to the Death march of 62,000 Filipino and 11,000 American Troops from Mariveles , Bataan to Capas , Tarlac October 14, 1943- Inauguration of Second Philippine Republic Jose P. Laurel- Third President of the Philippines KALIBAPI( Kapisanan ng Paglilingkod sa Bagong Pilipinas )- Only Political party allowed during japanese time

69. END OF second world war HUKBALAHAP ( Hukbo ng Bayan Laban sa Hapon )- Communist organization founded by Luis Taruc Kempeitai - Japanese Police October 20, 1944- Liberation of Leyte (Palo, Leyte) “I have returned!” May 7, 1945- End of war in Europe- V E Day August 6, 1945- Hiroshima Bombing August 9, 1945- Nagasaki Bombing February 22, 1945- Osmena was sworn as President of the Second Commonwealth

70. THIRD REPUBLIC Treaty of Manila- Treaty of General relations July 4, 1946- Philippines was formally given independence Payne Aldrich Act- Partial Free trade Underwood-Simons Act- Full free trade Bell Trade Act- Law for economic relations