PHILIPPINE POETRY, It's defintion, Nature of Poetry, Basic Kinds of Poetry

a glimpse of Philippine Literature

1. PHILIPPINE POETRY

2. WHAT IS POETRY? The origin of the word is the Greek word poiema , that is something made fashioned – a meaning that applies to both poetry and poems. It is written in language chosen and arranged to create a specific emotional effect.

3. POET a person who writes or speaks poems.

4. NATURE OF POETRY All good poems are unique. Because this is so, we cannot formulate a single definition of poetry. Poems are imaginative works expressed in words that are used the utmost compression, force, and economy. Some poems make us think, give us new and unexpected insights, and generally instruct us. Other poems arouse our emotions, surprise, amuse, and inspire us. Ideally, reading and understanding poetry should prompt us to re-examine, reinforce, and reshape our ideas, our attitudes, our feelings and our lives.

5. BASIC KINDS OF POETRY Narrative Poem usually a lengthy poem containing a story and it is also an expression of an emotional state or philosophical reflection. The most common example is an epic, a narrative that tells the adventures of heroic deeds. (Ex: Beowulf) Lyric Poem is a shorter poem that deals with strong emotions and the appreciation of beauty. It conveys the extremely personal emotions, powerful feelings or nostalgic sentiments of the persona, typically expressed from the first-person point of view or perspective in a highly euphonious or melodious manner. Dramatic Poem one in which the poet expresses not his own individual emotion but that of some person with whom he identifies himself. This type of poem also contains a story, which unfolds through the narration of a character, but the emphasis is more on emotions rather than on the story itself.

6. ELEMENTS OF POETRY

7. FORM

8. TYPES OF STANZA Monostich.  A one-line stanza. Monostich can also be an entire poem. Couplet .  A stanza with two lines that rhyme. Tercet.  A stanza with three lines that either all rhyme or the first and the third line rhyme—which is called an ABA rhyming pattern. A poem made up of tercets and concludes with a couplet is called a “terza rima.” Quatrain.  A stanza with four lines with the second and fourth lines rhyming.

9. TYPES OF STANZA Quintain.  A stanza with five lines. Sestet.  A stanza with six lines. Septet.  A stanza with seven lines. This is sometimes called a “rhyme royal.” Octave.  A stanza with eight lines written in iambic pentameter, or ten syllable beats per line. The more lines a stanza has the more varieties of rhyme and meter patterns.

10. COUPLET Couplet has two lines of verse that rhyme at the end and are thought as one unit.

11. VOICE Voice means the speaker of the poem. This is often referred to as Persona. Sometimes, however, the voice in the poem is not that of a person. It can be the voice of a mountain or a fish or any non-human being or thing. Even inanimate objects can speak in poetry . Sometimes, it refers to itself as “I” or “me” or, sometimes, in the third person ( she,he,his,her ).

12. DICTION Diction is the denotative and connotative meaning of the words in a sentence, phrase, paragraph, or poem. The best word is in the best order. It also refers to the author’s choice and use of words in the poem. To understand a poem, one must know not only what words mean but also what they imply or suggest. Both denotation and connotation of words must be considered. Poets use words that convey feelings and indirectly implies ideas rather than state them outright.

13. IMAGERY Imagery refers to the words that are used to describe things in a poem. It is the element that produces the effect of vividness- the result of the evocation of mental reproductions or imitations.

14. Categories of Imagery Visual imagery (what the writer wants you to see) Olfactory imagery (what the writer wants you to smell) Gustatory imagery (what the writer wants you to taste) Tactile imagery (what the writer wants you to feel) Auditory imagery (what the writer wants you to hear)

15. FIGURES OF SPEECH Figures of speech is an expressions or ways of using words in a nonliteral sense.

16. SYMBOLISM Symbolism is a symbol of any object or action that means more than itself, any object or action that represents something beyond itself. A heart shape or a rose is a symbol of love. The dove is a symbol of peace or of the Holy Spirit.

17. RHYME SCHEME Rhyme Scheme is the way the author arranges words, meters, lines and stanzas to create a coherent sound when poem is read out loud.

18. TONE Tone is the attitude of the writer towards the subject matter. It can be playful, sad, excited, regretful, etc. and the tone can change throughout the poem.

19. TONE Mood in poetry is  the atmosphere created by the poet to evoke certain feelings in their audience , sometimes described as the “emotional landscape” of the poem.

20. THEME