Photos to Supplement The Secret History of the CIA

1. Photos to Supplement The Secret History of the CIA

2. A while back, I was at a Barnes and Noble in Virginia and, as I usually do, I glanced at the discounted books up front in the outer alcove to the building. This type of marketing often grabs my attention, and more than once, I’ve purchased books I wouldn’t ordinarily have thought to buy. Such was the case when I purchased “The Secret History of the CIA.” I’ll admit, the book wasn’t exactly what I thought it would be and would be better suited for someone who knows about the CIA already, but nevertheless, I found many sections of it quite interesting. The book even has some photos, but I found that the photo section didn’t cover a good number of those who were mentioned in this book. So, I compiled a list of those with more numerous mentions than others and tracked down the best photo of them I could find. I then added a bit of a bio/piece of history about each of them, which was obtained from a combination of the book, Wikipedia, or various news articles, but mainly Wikipedia. The slide show is divided into four sections: Foreign Leaders, Officers, Defectors, and Directors. I then scrounged around for some free music to set it to. The music accompanying this slide show is from Free Music Archive.org, as retrieved from http://freemusicarchive.org/search/?sort=track_date_published&d=1&page=5&quicksearch=unseen+hand which was retrieved April 22, 2015. The name of the piece is “Unseen Hand,” off of the Sectioned v5.0 album by a group called Galaxian .

3. FOREIGN LEADERS

4. Leonid Brezhniv Leader of the Soviet Union for 18 years Developed what the West would call the Brezhnev Doctrine, … … which asserted the right of Soviet intervention … … when the essential common interests of other socialist countries are threatened by one of their number. This doctrine was used to justify the invasion of Czechoslovakia in 1968. Under his leadership, the Soviets achieved parity with the United States in strategic nuclear weapons, … and their space program overtook the American one. The Soviet Union’s army remained the largest in the world … … but Brezhnev’s unceasing buildup of his defense and aerospace industries left other sectors of the economy increasingly deprived of funds. space

5. Salvador Allende Chile’s first socialist president President of Chile from 1970-1973. In an attempt to redistribute incomes, he authorized large wage increases and froze prices. Allende also printed large amounts of unsupported currency to erase the fiscal deficit created by the government’s purchase of basic industries. By 1972 Chile was suffering from widespread strikes, rising inflation, food shortages, and domestic unrest. His government was overthrown on September 11, 1973, by a military coup led by Augusto Pinochet. Allended died during the attack. Hold between 6 & 8. Hold between 9 & 11. Final hold.

6. Lavrentiy Beria Beria, a Georgian like Stalin, was notorious for enforcing a reign of terror. Source: http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/8649435.stm , which used Getty Images for this photo of Lavrentiy Beria More than any other figure besides Stalin himself, Beria was responsible for the institutionalization of the Soviet police state, its chief instrument, the NKVD, and its eventual successor, the KGB. Beria is now remembered chiefly as the executor of the final stages of Joseph Stalin's Great Purge of the 1930s. … The vast, pervasive security apparatus that institutionalized terror, epitomized by the late night knock on the door, became Beria’s lasting legacy, not only in the Soviet Union, but in other communist states as well. … and for administering the vast network of labor camps known to history as the Gulag Archipelago. After Beria’s death, his wife and son were sent to a labor camp.

7. OFFICERS

8. Theodore Shackley CIA officer involved in many important and controversial operations during the 1960s and 1970s one of the most decorated CIA officers commonly known as the "Blond Ghost" In the early 1960s, Shackley's work included being station chief in Miami, during the period of the Cuban Missile Crisis, as well as the Cuban Project (also known as OPERATION MONGOOSE), which he directed. perhaps best known for his involvement in CIA "black ops" Hold for next slide

9. Edward Lansdale U.S. intelligence officer and general Under President John F. Kennedy, Lansdale was put in charge of OPERATION MONGOOSE, which involved a series of attempts to eliminate Fidel Castro and disrupt the economy of communist Cuba. Seen by many during the Cold War as “America's Number One Spy Master,” Lansdale was famously reviled in The Quiet American (1955) an attack on U.S. foreign policy by British novelist Graham Greene (despite the fact that both Lansdale and Greene denied the connection). But the 1958 Hollywood film version reversed Greene's judgment by portraying the Lansdale‐type character as a true hero. Hold for next slide

10. William King Harvey CIA officer, best known for his role in OPERATION MONGOOSE Known as "America's James Bond", a tag given to him by Edward Lansdale After a stint at the Berlin Operating Base in 1952, he ran OPERATION MONGOOSE, which sought to undermine the Fidel Castro regime in Cuba, and later helped expose MI-6’s Kim Philby as a Soviet mole. DELAY

11. Tennent H. “Pete” Bagley CIA operations officer Led the agency’s counterintelligence activities against the Soviets during a tense period of the Cold War and played a key role in the controversial handling of Soviet defector Yuri Nosenko . The son and brother of Navy admirals, joined the fledgling CIA in 1950 An intellectual fluent in several languages, he rose quickly, ascending by the 1960s to serve as deputy chief of the Soviet bloc division, and was specifically tasked with countering the activities of the KGB. Delay

12. Lucien Conein A noted U.S. Army officer and OSS/CIA operative Among other exploits, he was instrumental in the November 1963 coup against Ngô Đình Diệm that resulted in Diệm's assassination. He later ran secret operations for the Drug Enforcement Administration.

13. David E. Murphy David E. Murphy, a senior CIA officer during the Cold War, pictured here with KGB officer Sergei A. Kondrashev in 1997 at the exit of an espionage tunnel in Berlin A senior CIA officer in Berlin during some of the tensest days of the Cold War He died of congestive heart failure in 2014 at a retirement home in Alexandria, Virginia. He was 93. Served as chief of the CIA’s Berlin Operations Base during the years of crisis precipitated by Soviet demands that the Western powers abandon the city, a standoff that would ultimately lead to the construction of the Berlin Wall in 1961.

14. DEFECTORS

15. Pyotr Popov Distinctive gold cuff links provided a recognition signal between Soviet mole Pyotr Popov and his CIA contacts (Dan Winters) Source: www.smithsonianmag.com Petr [aka Pyotr ] Semenovich Popov , Lieutenant Colonel in the Soviet Army , a member of the GRU , and the first major agent of the CIA to the Soviet Union Source: ru.wikipedia.org Popov was executed by Soviet authorities in 1960. A major in the Soviet military intelligence apparatus (GRU). He was the first GRU officer to offer his services to the Central Intelligence Agency after World War II. Whilst stationed in Vienna, Popov was able to provide documents such as the 1951 Soviet army field regulations, and after a July 1954 home visit to the Soviet Union, information regarding Soviet nuclear submarines and guided missiles. Popov was dismissed from the GRU in November 1958, and placed on reserve status. He was then arrested in October 1959, and sentenced to death in January 1960. In January 1959, after incriminating evidence was found in his apartment, he was run as a double agent for three months.

16. Reinhard Gehlen Reinhard Gehlen , a German general who served as chief of a military intelligence unit during WWII As an officer in the German Wehrmacht , he reached the rank of Major General just before being sacked by Hitler for his accurately pessimistic intelligence reports. During the emerging phases of the Cold War, he was recruited by the United States military to set up a spy ring directed against the Soviet Union (known as the Gehlen Organization) which employed numerous former SS, SD, and Wehrmacht officers, and eventually became head of the West German intelligence apparatus.

17. Guy Burgess British diplomat who spied for the Soviet Union in World War II and early in the Cold War period At the University of Cambridge in the 1930s, Burgess was part of a group of upper-middle-class students—including Donald Maclean, Kim Philby , and Anthony Blunt—who disagreed with the notion of a capitalist democracy. Burgess and his fellow students were recruited by Soviet intelligence operatives to become secret agents.

18. Yuri Nosenko Yuri Nosenko in a photograph provided by the Center for Counterintelligence and Security Studies and believed to be from his K.G.B. credentials Nosenko's case officer was Tennent H. "Pete" Bagley, both when they first met in Geneva in 1962 and subsequently when he defected in 1964. On March 1, 1969 Nosenko was formally acknowledged to be a genuine defector, and released, with financial compensation from the CIA. Seized by CIA officers in Washington and held in solitary confinement in a CIA safe house from 1964 to 1967

19. DIRECTORS

20. William J. Donovan The father of U.S. centralized intelligence “Wild Bill” Born in Buffalo where he would later practice law The grandson of Irish immigrants, he was very religious and wanted to become a Catholic Priest. A life-long Republican, but believed in supporting the best man, no matter what their political affiliation. One of the most decorated soldiers of WWI Donovan was later appointed as a U.S. ambassador to Thailand by President Eisenhower and served in that role from 1953–54.

21. Allen Dulles The first civilian Director of Central Intelligence Serving for 8 years, 9 months and 3 days, he is the longest-serving Director of Central Intelligence to date. His older brother, John Foster Dulles, was the Secretary of State during the Eisenhower Administration.

22. John A. McCone The 6th Director of Central Intelligence Assisted in the establishment of the CIA Citing Seymour Hersh’s The Samson Option: Israel’s Nuclear Arsenal and American Foreign Policy, the Wikipedia article on McCone adds that he resigned from his position as DCI in April 1965, believing himself to be unappreciated by President Lyndon B. Johnson, who he complained, would not read his reports, which advised that Israeli nuclear facilities be subjected to full-fledged inspections. Served as a member of President Kennedy’s secret Executive Committee during the Cuban Missile Crisis of 1962. An assistant to Secretary of Defense James V. Forrestal, the first U.S. defense secretary.

23. Richard Helms Director of Central Intelligence from June 1966 to February 1973 Began intelligence work with the Office of Strategic Services during World War II As an indirect result of earlier clandestine operations in Chile, he became the only DCI convicted of misleading Congress.

24. William Colby William Colby, as a newly minted paratrooper. He would later become the 10th Director of Central Intelligence. Source: Shadow Warrior: William Egan Colby and the CIA, by Randall B. Woods Served as chief of station in Saigon and chief of the CIA's Far East Division After Vietnam, Colby became director of central intelligence and during his tenure, under intense pressure from the U.S. Congress and the media, adopted a policy of relative openness about U.S. intelligence activities to the Senate Church Committee and House Pike Committee. Replaced by future president George H.W. Bush on January 30, 1976