phototherapy

PHOTOTHERAPY

1. PHOTOTHERAPY PREPA PREPARED BY: NAOREM MONIKA DEVI SENIOR TUTOR SNSR

2. DEFINITION Phototherapy is the procedure in which the baby is exposed to visible light causes the oxidation and photo isomerization.

3. PURPOSES The purpose of phototherapy is to convert bilirubin to lumirubin to correct hyperbilieubinemia ,

4. MECHANISM The phototherapy causes a chemical reaction in skin that convert unconjugated bilirubin to a from that can be excreted by the body. Phototherapy also causes an oxidative reaction that allows unconjugated bilirubin removal via the liver and the spleen.

5. PARTS Fluorescent lamp as a light source Side rails Plat form to keep the body Mattress Power cord for connecting with power supply On/off switch light source Adjusting screen for light source

6. TYPES Single layer phototherapy units: A system for controlling the amount of light radiation directed upon an infant. It allows and keeps the baby protected and warm. It contains a blue light it is directly transverse through the infant. Double layer phototherapy units : It is a layered phototherapy unit where the infants of jaundice received 2 layers of phototherapy i.e. conventional and extra light source phototherapy from the phototherapy bed.

7. CONTRAINDICATION Skin diseases Hepatic dysfunction

8. METHODS A naked baby infant is placed under the light source at a distance. Baby’s eyes should be covered to prevent retinal damage and diaper to be kept into light. Temperature to be recorded every 2 nd hourly. More frequent breastfeeding to be given or extra fluid to be provided by IV infusion or NG tube feeding to prevent dehydration. Baby’s weight to be recorded once a day. Constant observation should be made for urine, green loose stool, skin, rashes, behaviour changes. Serum bilirubin level to be assessed at least for every 12 hours. Double surface phototherapy can be given for more effective management, when the infant is placed on a fiber optic surface. Phototherapy is discontinue when serum bilirubin level is less than 10 mg/dl.

9. COMPLICATION Dehydration Kernicterus Watery diarrhea Retinal damage Bronze baby syndrome