Physiological effects of aerobic exercises

Cardio and muscle endurance
Aerobic exercise (also known as cardio) is physical exercise of low to high intensity that depends primarily on the aerobic energy-generating process. Aerobic literally means "relating to, involving, or requiring free oxygen", and refers to the use of oxygen to adequately meet energy demands during exercise via aerobic metabolism. Generally, light-to-moderate intensity activities that are sufficiently supported by aerobic metabolism can be performed for extended periods of time

1. PHYSIOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF AEROBIC EXERCISES

2. What is Energy mechanism of H uman body? 9/18/2018 2 Average at rest our body consumes 0.25 ltr . Of Oxygen. At exercise around 4-5 ltr of oxygen is consumed. 3 – stage energy peroduction . 100 mtr race in 10 seconds – Anaerobic ( CrP ) 400 mtr race in 45 sec – Anaerobic (ATP+LA) 1 km in 5 minute – Aerobic ( Glycolysis+Lipid metabolism)

3. AEROBIC EXERCISES 9/18/2018 3 Aerobic exercise training, or conditioning, is augmentation of the energy utilization of the muscle by means of an exercise program. Therapeutic Exercise 5 th ed. Kisner & Colby Aerobic exercise (also known as  cardio ) is physical exercise of relatively low intensity that depends primarily on the aerobic energy-generating process . https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aerobic_exercise

4. SPECTRUM OF EXERCISES 9/18/2018 4 Fox and Haskell formula showing the split between aerobic (light orange) and anaerobic (dark orange) exercise and heart rate.

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6. PHYSIOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF AEROBIC EXERCISES 9/18/2018 Physiological effects of aerobic exercises 6 CARDIOVASCULAR CHANGES Exercise pressor response Increased Heart Rate Reduced peripheral resistance to blood flow Increased Cardiac Output

7. PHYSIOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF AEROBIC EXERCISES 9/18/2018 Physiological effects of aerobic exercises 7 RESPIRATORY SYSTEM Increase in Minute Ventilation due to increased respiratory frequency and Tidal volume. Increased Oxygen extraction and consumption Increased VO 2max level

8. PHYSIOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF AEROBIC EXERCISES 9/18/2018 Physiological effects of aerobic exercises 8 METABOLIC CHANGES Muscle hypertrophy Aerobic ATP production increases due to increased size of mitochondria Glycogen sparing due to increased fat metabolism Metabolic adaptations may occur due to changes in energy requirement and demand.

9. PHYSIOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF AEROBIC EXERCISES 9/18/2018 Physiological effects of aerobic exercises 9 MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEM Decrease in body fat Increase in the breaking strength of bones and ligaments and the tensile strength of tendons Accumulation of Lactic acid in muscle Increased temperature of body due to increased blood flow and metabolism (BMR)

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12. EXAMPLES OF AEROBIC EXERCISES 9/18/2018 Physiological effects of aerobic exercises 12

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14. AEROBIC EXERCISES IN DECONDITIONING 9/18/2018 Physiological effects of aerobic exercises 14

15. AEROBIC EXERCISES IN DECONDITIONING 9/18/2018 Physiological effects of aerobic exercises 15

16. AEROBIC EXERCISES IN DIABETES 9/18/2018 Physiological effects of aerobic exercises 16

17. AEROBIC EXERCISES IN HYPERTENSION 9/18/2018 Physiological effects of aerobic exercises 17 Hypoglycemia is the biggest risk for exercises during Diabetes II Aerobic exercise improves level of Glucagon in blood. Endurance training (light – to – moderately intense) Running and cycling Brisk walking Combination exercises ( resisted+endurance )

18. THANK YOU!! 9/18/2018 Physiological effects of aerobic exercises 18