phytoremediation-150629093818-lva1-app6891.pdf

Phytoremediation ppt slides

1. University of Salahaddin
College of Education
Environmentalscience department
Phytoremediation
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Halala Rahman Qadir
M.Sc. Plant physiology

2. What is Phytoremediation?
•Phytoremediation:Theprocessof
removingcontaminationfromsoilor
waterusingplants.
•phyto= plant
•remedium= restoring balance.
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4. Phytoremediation
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Phytoremediationconsistsofmitigating
pollutant concentrations in
contaminatedsoils,water,orair,withplants
able to contain,degrade,or
eliminatemetals,pesticides,solvents,explosives,
crudeoilanditsderivatives,andvariousother
contaminantsfromthemediathatcontain
them.

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6. Advantages of plants:
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Phytoremediationis cost effectiveItis suited to
remediation of large areas of soil.
It is environmentally friendly.
Phytoremediationsites are more aesthetically
pleasing
Phytoremediationsites are low maintenance.
It involves no noisy and expensive equipment

7. Disadvantages
Phytoremediationis limited tositeswith lower contaminant
concentrations.
Toremediationisrestrictedto sites with contamination as deep
as the roots of the plants being used.
Not as effective for sites with high contaminant concentrations
Phytoremediationis slower than conventional methods
It does not work through the winter (Seasonally effective)
Thefood chaincould be adversely affected by the degradation
of chemicals.
Theaircould be contaminated by the burning of leaves or limbs
of plants containing dangerous chemicals.
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8. Phytoremediation
Themostimportantsingleactof
phytoremediation?
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6 CO
2+ 6 H
2O C
6H
12O
6 + 6 O
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9. How Does PhytoremediationWork?
Plantrootstakecontaminantsfromtheground
intothe"body"oftheplant.Theplantrootzone
isreferredtoastherhizosphere,thisiswherethe
actionoccurs.
Thissoilsupportslargepopulationsofdiverse
microorganisms.Thisisduetochemicalsexuded
byplantrootswhichprovidecarbonandenergy
formicrobialgrowth.Thiscombinationofplants
andmicroorganismsappearstoincreasethe
biodegradationofcompounds.
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This graphicshows a typicalprocess diagramof phytoremediation.

11. Heavy metals
•
Arsenic
Cadmium
Lead
Aluminum
Beryllium
Copper
Iron
Mercury
Nickel
These persist in soils and are toxic to animals even in
small quantities

12. Various phytoremdiation processes
1.Phytoextractionor phytoconcentration, where
thecontaminantis concentrated in the roots,stemand foliage
of the plant,
2.Phytodegradation, whereplant enzymeshelp catalyze
breakdown of the contaminantmolecule,
3.Rhizospherebiodegradation, where plant roots
releasenutrientsto microorganisms which are active in
biodegradation of the contaminant molecule,
4.Volatilization, wheretranspirationoforganics, selenium and
mercury run through leaves of the plant,
5.Stabilization, where the plant converts the contaminant into a
form which is not bioavailable, or the plant prevents the
spreading of a contaminant plume.

14. phytoremdiation
Plants used to decontaminate soils must do one
ormoreof the following:
•Take up contaminants from soilparticlesand/or
soil liquid into their roots,
•Bind the contaminant into their root tissue,
physically and/or chemically,
•Transport the contaminant from their roots into
growing shoots,
•Prevent or inhibit the contaminant from leaching
out of the soil.
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15. Types of Vegetation Used
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Some of the plants used in phytoremediation are:
•Alfalfa
•HybridPoplar Trees
•Blue-green Algae
•Arrowroot
•Sudan Grass
•Rye Grass
•Duck Weed
•Bermuda Grass
•Alpine Bluegrass
•Yellow orWhite WaterLillies

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