PHYTORID TREATMENT OF WASTE WATER.pptx

engineering

1. PHYTORID TREATMENT OF WASTE WATER PRESENTED BY : HARSHITH.R.L 4MC19CV061

2. CONTENTS INTRODUCTION OBJECTIVES CONSTRUCTED WETLAND TYPES OF CONSTRUCTED WETLAND MECHANISM PLANTS USED ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES CASE STUDY NEERI – PHYTORID CONCLUSION REFERENCES

3. INTRODUCTION Contamination of water by toxic pollutants through the discharge of municipal, domestic and industrial wastewater has become a worldwide environmental problem due to its serious consequences on human health, agricultural crop productivity and aquatic ecosystem. Phytorid technology has become a logical solution to improve the quality of contaminated water by acting as a sink for various contaminants. Phytorid technology was developed by NEERI (National Environmental Engineering Research Institute) and patented in Indian, European and Australian countries. Included in National Environmental Policy.

4. Phytorid technology is a subsurface flow type wherein water is applied to the beds filled with porous media such as gravel and stones. The system may include a wide variety of foliage in the form of aquatic, marsh, ornamental, herbs, grasses and also terrestrial plants known to grow in water logged condition. It is a type of constructed wetland system. It can be used for treatment of domestic, agricultural, slaughter house, fish pond water.

5. OBJECTIVE In order to overcome the groundwater pollution by the treated water used in irrigation field. To avoid foul, odour and mosquito nuisance. Facilitates recycle and reuse of water (reuse of grey water up to 95%).

6. CONSTRUCTED WETLAND Constructed wetlands are artificial wastewater treatment system of shallow experimental tanks, ponds or channels that are planted with locally available wetland plants. They work on natural capacity of plants to treat wastewater from different sources. It is used to control or remove hazardous wastes from polluted water under more controlled environment.

7. COMPONENTS OF CW Consists of 3 primary components An impermeable layer (clay) prevents infiltration of wastes down into lower aquifers. A gravel layer provides a substrate (i.e an area that provides nutrients and support) for the root zone. This zone is where water flows and bioremediation and denitrification take place. Above ground vegetative layer contains plant material.

8. TYPES OF CW

9. MECHANISM OF PHYTORID TECHOLOGY The system have been found to be effective in treating BOD, TSS, N and P as well as reducing metals, organic pollutants and pathogens. The mechanism include biological processes such microbial activity and plant uptake as well as physical-chemical processes such as sedimentation, absorption at the plant-water interface. Microbial degradation plays a role in the removal of biodegradable organic matter in wastewater. Biodegradation occurs when dissolved organic matter is carried into the biofilm that attached on plant root systems and surrounding media by diffusion process. It leads to reduction in BOD and COD.

10. Suspended solids are removed by filtration and gravitational settlement. Pathogens are removed by sedimentation, filtration and absorption by biomass. Nitrogen is removed by plant uptake.

11. PLANTS USED Elephant grass ( Pennisetum purpurem) Yellow flag iris ( Iris pseudocorous ) Cattails ( Typha ) Indian shot ( Canna indica )

12. ROLE OF PLANT SPECIES Plants provide huge surface area of attachment and slow down water flows thus assists in sediment settling and trapping process. Removal and retention of nutrients and help in preventing eutrophication of wetlands. Cattail plant can effectively uptake nutrients. Macrophytes increase contact time between effluent and plant surface area, thus increase in the removal of nitrogen.

13. REMOVAL EFFICIENCY POLLUTANT EFFICIENCY (%) TSS 80 - 90 BOD 80 - 90 COD 70 - 85 NITROGEN 60 - 85 PHOSPHOROUS 50 - 80

14. ADVANTAGES Cost effective. Less operation and maintenance required. Minimum electricity requirement. Facilitates recycle and reuse of water. No foul odour and no mosquito nuisance. Works on gravity. It is eco friendly method for treating sewage.

15. DISADVANTAGES Time required for treatment of wastewater is more compared to conventional system. System is limited by the natural growth rate of plants and length of growing seasons. High concentrations of toxic materials could be hazardous to the growth of plants. Require a minimum amount of water if they are to survive, they cannot withstand complete drying.

16. CASE STUDIES : NEERI - PHYTORID Kalina campus, Mumbai University. It was the first phytorid treatment plant developed by NEERI on 5 June, 2006. Here more than 20 plants are used. Design to treat the flow of 50 CMD It used to treat urban waste.

17. Prestigious Projects undertaken by NEERI Rajyapal Bhavan, Mumbai Nabi Lake, Lonar Teen Murthi Bhavan, New Delhi Smriti Vatika, New Delhi Nag Nallah, Maharaj Bag Nagpur. This plant has a capacity of 100cu.m/d

18. CONCLUSION Phytorid system is a promising alternative to treat wastes and an increasingly recognised pathway to advance treatment capacity of wetland system. It is low cost, energy efficient, natural and low maintenance systems compared to the conventional treatment systems. The treated water has its application in irrigation, flush tanks, river dilution, gardening etc.

19. REFERENCES R. Kaalipushpa, S.Karthika, S.Revathi, “Domestic Wastewater Treatment using Phytorid Technology”, International Journal of Engineering Research and Technology (IJERT) National Environmental Engineering Research Institute. www.neeri.res.in Balpande, S.S. and Ashok Mhaske, “ QUALITY OF SEWAGE WATER AND PHYTORID TECHNOLOGY FOR ITS REUSE IN AGRICULTURE”, Journal of Global Biosciences. Komal Hemant Malpani, “ THE DESIGN OF WASTEWATER TREATMENT SYSTEM IN TALL RESIDENTIAL BUILDING USING PHYTORID”.

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