PILE FOUNDATION-INDIA

1. PILE FOUNDATION By ADITYA RAGHAW SINGH 5 TH SEM. B.ARCH(I.D.) CONSTRUCTION- PILE FOUNDATION PPT P.I.A.D.S. , NAGPUR

2. Foundations Foundations are structural components used to support columns and transfer loads to the underlying Soil. 2 Foundations Isolated Combined Strap wall Raft Shallow footing footing footing footing footing Caissons Piles Deep

3. Pile Foundation Our building is rested on a weak soil formation which can’t resist the loads coming from our proposed building, so we have to choose pile foundation. 3 Pile cap Piles Weak soil Bearing stratum Piles are structural members that are made of steel, concrete or timber.

4. 4 Function of piles As with other types of foundation, the purpose of a pile foundation is: To transmit a foundation load to a solid ground To resist vertical, lateral and uplift load Piles can be Timber Concrete Steel Composite General facts Usual length: 10m-20m Usual load: 300kN-3000kN Advantages Corrosion resistance Can be easily combined with a concrete superstructure Disadvantages Difficult to achieve proper cutoff Difficult to transport Concrete piles

5. Pile foundation Piles can be divided in to two major categories: End Bearing Piles If the soil-boring records presence of bedrock at the site within a reasonable depth, piles can be extended to the rock surface Friction Piles When no layer of rock is present depth at a site, point bearing piles become very long and uneconomical. In this type of subsoil, piles are driven through the softer material to specified depths. 5

6. Pile Cap Reinforcement Pile caps carrying very heavy point loads tend to produce high tensile stresses at the pile cap. Reinforcement is thus designed to provide: Resistance to tensile bending forces in the bottom of the cap Resistance to vertical shear 6

7. How does a pile look like? • Before presenting the actual picture of a pile foundation some schematic pictures of pile foundation are presented below.

8. Figure 1 All the above schematics show the various types of pile foundations and loads carried by them

9. Schematics of Pile foundations based on method of construction Figure 2

10. Displacement Pile (A/D) Advantage Disadvantages Pile material can be inspected for quality before driving May break during driving Construction operation affect by ground water Noise and vibration problems Can driven in very long lengths Cannot be driven in condition of low headroom Construction operation not affected by ground water Noise may prove unacceptable. Noise permit may be required Soil disposal is not necessary Vibration may prove unacceptable due to presence of sensitive structures, utility installation or machinery

11. Replacement Pile (A/D) Advantage Disadvantages Less noise or vibration problem Concrete cannot be inspected after installation Equipment can break up practically all kinds of obstructions Liable to squeezing or necking Can be installed in conditions of low headroom Raking bored pile are difficult to construct No ground heave Drilling a number of pile groups may cause ground loss and settlement of adjacent structures Depth and diameter can varied easily Cannot be extended above ground level without special adaptation