Plant form & function part 1

plant and function

1. Lecture 3. Plant Form and Function NaSc1 1

2. Overview of Plant Body (Angiosperms) Shoot System Stem Leaves Flowers Root System http://kvhs.nbed.nb.ca/gallant/biology/plant_anatomy.jpg 2

3. Plant 3

4. Meristems -enables plants to have indeterminate growth Apical meristems –tip of roots and shoots -initiate primary growth in the length of roots and shoots Primary Plant Body Lateral/Secondary Meristem Secondary Growth 4

5. Apical Meristems Primary meristems Protoderm Procambium Ground meristem 5

6. Basic Types of Plant Cells Meristematic Cells Meristems Initials Derivative Differentiation Coast Redwood Seqouia sempervirens http://www.monumentaltrees.com/en/trees/coastredwood/tallest_tree_in_the_world/ 6

7. Cell Types 1. Parenchyma Cells Pliable, thin-walled Alive when matured Photosynthesis, storage, secretion http://www.nicerweb.com/bio1151/Locked/media/ch35/35_09PlantCellDiversity-parenchyma.jpg 7

8. Cell Types 2. Collenchyma Cells Thick, elongated and uneven cells glued by pectin Lack secondary walls Flexible support kentsimmons.uwinnipeg.ca/ 2153lb1pg5.htm 8

9. Cell Types 2. Sclerenchyma Cells With secondary cell wall hardened by lignin Support mature plants Protection of cells 9

10. Tissues of Vascular Plants Vascular Plants Types of Plant Tissue Simple tissue Complex tissue Tissue system Dermal Vascular Ground 10

11. 1) Dermal Tissue System Outer protective covering Prevents physical damage and water loss Epidermis Periderm Cuticle 11

12. 1) Dermal Tissue System Outer protective covering (physical damage desiccation) Begins as parenchyma cells then modifies Helps control the exchange of gases and water vapor Epidermis Periderm Cuticle 12

13. 2) Vascular Tissue System Two complex tissues: Xylem *Sap http://www.paintthelight.net/BotanyProject/Activities/images/2004_gallery_stem_diagram.jpg 13

14. 2) Vascular Tissue System Two complex tissues: 2) Phloem *Sap 14

15. 3) Ground/Fundamental Tissue System Makes up the plant’s bulk Cortex -between dermal and vascular tissues *storage of food Pith -between phloem and xylem -soft spongy parenchyma cells *nutrient storage and transport http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pith http://extension.oregonstate.edu/mg/botany/images/fig3-big.gif 15

16. Tissues of Vascular Plants http://www.progressivegardens.com/knowledge_tree/tissue.jpg 16

17. Sources Raven, P.H. , Evert, R.F. and Eichhorn , S.E. 1999. Biology of Plants 6 th Ed. W.H. Freeman and Co. Worth Publishers, USA. 944 pp. Nabors, M.W. 2004. Botany an Introductory Approach. Pearson Education South Asia Pte. Ltd. 626pp. Diola , A., Dy., D., Ilano , A., Inoc , D.C., Oquinena , K., Parilla , R., Tambuli , A. and Yee, J. 2010. Natural Science 1 (Biological Sciences) Lecture Notes. University of San carlos , 126 pp. Starr, C. 2003. Biology: Concepts and Applications, 5 th ed. Brooks/Cole, USA. 799 pp. 17