Plant tissues

plant tissues, plant structures, plant parts, plant cells

1. Plant Tissues MIEDY CORAZON TABANG STA. MONICA HIGH SCHOOL PHILIPPINES

2. PLANT

3. VACUOLE

4. LEAF

5. PEANUT

6. CYTOLOGY

7. CELL WALL

8. PHOTOSYNTHESIS

9. BARK

10. CHLOROPLAST

11. PLANT ORGANISM ORGAN SYSTEM TISSUES CELLS ORGANS

12. OBJECTIVES 1. Identify the various types of plant tissue. 2. Give structural , locational and functional differences of these tissues. 3. Present at least one significance ( economic, health etc.) of cell tissue.

13. Tissues A group of closely associated cells that perform related functions and are similar in structure. Histology is the study of tissues.

14. CONCEPT MAP OR

15. TYPES OF PLANT TISSUE

16. MERISTEMATIC TISSUES Cells that do not differentiate. Cellular differentiation is the process where a cell changes from one cell type to another. From Greek word “ merizein ” meaning to divide G ive rise to various organs of the plant and keep the plant growing. Cells divide rapidly and are “ intermediate ”.

17. Types of Meristematic Tissue Types: Apical- primary growth at root and shoot tip Lateral- secondary growth in trees and shrubs. Intercalary- secondary growth in monocot stems.

18. MERISTEMATIC TISSUE

19. Meristematic cells C ells are small and protoplasm fills the cell completely. The vacuoles are extremely small. The cytoplasm does not contain differentiated plastids ( chloroplasts or chromoplasts ), although they are present in basic form ( proplastids ). Meristematic cells are packed closely together without intercellular cavities. The cell wall is a very thin primary cell wall . May be the cambium layer, leaf or flower buds, shoot tips, or root tips. For plant growth. They have dense cytoplasm, thin cellulose walls and prominent nuclei . Lacks vacuole.

20. PERMANENT TISSUES Cells formed by meristematic tissue take up a specific role and lose the ability to divide . As a result, they form a permanent tissue . This process of taking up a permanent shape, size, and a function is called differentiation . Cells of meristematic tissue differentiate to form different types of permanent tissue.

21. 1. DERMAL TISSUE They are the tissues, which covers the external part of the herbaceous plants, LEAVES AND FLOWERS. Waxy cuticles are responsible for protecting plants against water loss. Dermal tissue consists of e pidermis and periderm .  They are composed of epidermal cells, which secrete the waxy cuticle.

22. DERMAL TISSUE Epidermis Epidermis Periderm

23. Structure of epidermis

24. 1.1 Epidermis They include trichomes , stomata ceIIs . They are composed mostly of unspecialized cells- parenchyma and sclerenchyma. They are the outermost layer of the primary plant body, which covers roots, stems, leaves, floral parts, fruits and seeds. They are one layer thick with cuticle . They site of photosynthesis and gas exchange.

25. Stomata - pores for gas exchange - present on one or both surfaces of Leaves. Stomata

26. Cuticle – Lines the outer waII of the epidermal ceIIs - made up of waxy material that protects plants from desiccation Cuticle Cuticle Layer of the leaf

27. Trichomes Trichomes – outgrowths of epidermal ceIIs

28. 2. Periderm The periderm protects the plant from injuries, pathogens and also from excessive water loss. They replace epidermis in plants that undergo secondary growth. They include cork cells , which are non-living cells that cover the outside of stems and roots.  They are multi-layered structures. They are the outermost layer of stems and roots of woody plants such as trees. They are also called as barks.

29. Periderm (Bark)

30. GROUND TISSUE They are composed  of   parenchyma cells and also include collenchyma and sclerenchyma cells.  They synthesize the organic compounds and support the plants by storing the produced products, providing the plant flexibility and strengthening.  

31. GROUND TISSUE Epidermis Parenchyma Scelenchyma Collenchyma

32. Parenchyma

33. Parenchyma They also play a vital role in wound healing and regeneration of plants. Parenchyma cells also controls plant's metabolism like photosynthesis, respiration, protein synthesis. Parenchyma cells help in synthesizing and storage of synthesized food products and water. They have very large vacuoles and are frequently found in all roots, stem, leaves and in fruits. They are present in all plant cells. They are the general cells of plants, which are circular in shape and have very thin wall.

34. 2 types: 1. Chlor enchyma - provides support to plants and also stores food . In some situations, it contains chlorophyll and performs photosynthesis. 2. Aer enchyma - give buoyancy to the plants to help them float.

35. Collenchyma cells

36. Collenchyma They are alive during the cell maturity . Collenchyma cells are elongated with unevenly thickened walls.  Provides flexibility , that is, it allows the bending of stems and leaves without breaking them.  Collenchyma cells controls the functions of young plants. Found in leaf blades and below the stalks, below the epidermis . Provides mechanical support .

37. Sclerenchyma cells

38. Sclerenchyma- “hard” They have thick, lignified secondary walls. Lignin (a chemical substance which acts as cement and hardens them ). This tissue is present in stems, around vascular bundles, in the veins of leaves and in the hard covering of seeds and nuts. They are rigid, dead cells.   They provide structural support, strength, stiffness, hardness and protection.   A sclerenchyma cell also provides a support to plants with the help of hardening agent present in their cells.

39. Sclereids or stone cells: They are short, irregular in shape and have thick, lignified secondary walls. Fibers : They are long, slender and are arranged in threads. Sclerenchyma cells are of two types:

40. VASCULAR TISSUES They are located in the from the roots to the veins of the Leaves. They are specialized cells with transport of water , food and minerals throughout the plant.

41. What is the difference between structure shown by label 1. and structure shown by label 2 ?

42. Xylem They are dead with hollow cells , which consist of only cell wall. They play a vital role in transporting water and dissolved nutrients from the roots to all parts of a plant. The term xylem is derived from the Greek word meaning “ wood”. Xylem is also called as water-conducting cells. They transport the nutrients in the upward direction . i.e. from the root to the stem, leaves and flower.

43. These are the tubular structures present in xylem : a . Sieve tubes b . Xylem fibers c . Tracheids and vessels d . Xylem parenchyma

44. Xylary elements – the conducting cells in xylem - 2 kinds of xylary elements: tracheids – the only water conducting cells in most woody, non flowering plants. vessel elements – occur in several groups of plants , including angiosperm. - both are elongated, dead at maturity, lignified secondary cell walls. Xylem Tracheids Vessel elements

45. Phloem They are live cells, which lack nucleus and other organelles. They transport the nutrients in the downward direction . i.e. from the leaves to the different parts of the plant. The term phloem is derived from the Greek word meaning “Bark” They transports dissolved organic food materials (sugars) from the leaves to all parts of a plant. Phloem is also called as sugar-conducting cells.

46. PhIoem - Greek word phloios meaning, “ bark” - transports dissolved organic / food materials from the Ieaves to the different parts of the plant - glucose in phloem moves in aII directions Types 1. Primary phloem – differentiate from procambium and extends throughout the primary body of the plant. 2. Secondary phloem – differentiates from the vascular cambium and constitute the inner layer of the bark. PhIoem

47. Sieve tube elements main conducting ceIIs of phloem elongated and non-nucleated uniformly thin walled with the end walls perforated to from the sieve plate . Sieve tube element are attached end to end to form the sieve tube. PhIoem

48. P art of phloem: a . Companion cells b . Sieve tubes c . Phloem parenchyma d. phloem fibers

49. Fill in the table below with appropriate informations . PLANT TISSUES DESCRIPTION LOCATION FUNCTION 1. MERISTEMATIC 2. PERMANENT 2.1 Dermal a. b. 2.2 Ground a. b. c. 2.3 Vascular a. b.

50. What are the uses of plant tissue?

51. Who Wants to PASS?

52. Is this your Final Answer? Yes No Question 1? 1. What do you call a collection of similar cells, with specific function? TISSUES ORGAN CELL GROUP SYSTEM

53. Is this your Final Answer? Yes No Which plant tissues doesn’t undergo differentiation process? PERMANENT VASCULAR SIMPLE PERMANENT MERISTEMATIC $100

54. Is this your Final Answer? Yes No Question 3? What are the types of meristematic tissues? XYLEM, PHLOEM PERIDERM EPIDERMIS APICAL, LATERAL PARENCHYMA COLLENCHYMA $200

55. Is this your Final Answer? Yes No Question 4? Which protects the plant from injuries, pathogens and also from excessive water loss? LEAF PERIDERM STEM EPIDERMIS $500

56. Is this your Final Answer? Yes No Question 5? Which is the function of parenchyma tissues? DELIVER, STORE SYNTHESIZE, STORE BREAK DOWN, DELIVER SYNTHESIZE, BREAK DOWN $1000

57. Is this your Final Answer? Yes No Question 6? What type of tissue are the veins in leaves? PHLOEM VENATION XYLEM VASCULAR $5000

58. Is this your Final Answer? Yes No Question 7? Name three tissues in the ground tissue system. XYLEM, PHLOEM, VEIN NONE OF THESE $10,000 SCLERENCHYMA, PARENCHYMA, COLLENCHYMA PERIDERM, DERMIS, EPIDERMIS

59. Is this your Final Answer? Yes No Question 8? Potatoes contain food in the form of starch, which ground tissue are you eating when you eat mashed potatoes? SCLERENCHYMA PARENCHYMA COLLENCHYMA GROUND TISSUE $50,000

60. Is this your Final Answer? Yes No Question 9? Which ground tissue makes the shell of a nut hard? PARENCHYMA COLLENCHYMA SCLERENCHYMA MERICHYMA $100,000

61. Is this your Final Answer? Yes No Question 10? What tissue transports water through dead cells? VASCULAR TISSUE WATER TISSUE ROOTS XYLEM $50,000

62. Is this your Final Answer? Yes No Question 11? Which type of tissues are responsible for delivering food throughout the plant? GROUND TISSUES XYLEM VESSELS PHLOEM VASCULAR TISSUE $1,000,000

63. CONGRATULATIONS! YOU PASSED