PLASTIC pollution management in public health pptx

A description and summary of measures put in place to control plastic pollution in our environment

1. PLASTICS Reuben Kamoto Mbewe

2. PLASTIC,   Polymeric material that has the capability of being moulded or shaped, usually by the application of heat and pressure .

3. Global plastic waste generation more than doubled from 2000 to 2019 to  353 million tonnes. Nearly two-thirds of plastic waste comes from plastics with lifetimes of under five years, with 40% coming from packaging , 12% from consumer goods and 11% from clothing and textiles.

4. What is plastic made of? Plastics are made from natural materials such as cellulose, coal, natural gas, salt and crude oil through a polymerisation or polycondensation process. Plastics are derived from natural, organic materials such as cellulose, coal, natural gas, salt and, of course, crude oil.

5. Isn’t plastic all the same?

6. 1) Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET or PETE) This is one of the most commonly used plastics. It’s lightweight, strong, typically transparent and is often used in food packaging and fabrics (polyester).  Examples:  Beverage bottles, Food bottles/jars (salad dressing, peanut butter, honey, etc.) and polyester clothing or rope. 

7. 2) High-Density Polyethylene (HDPE) Collectively, Polyethylene is the most common plastics in the world, but it’s classified into three types: High-Density, Low-Density and Linear Low-Density. High-Density Polyethylene is strong and resistant to moisture and chemicals, which makes it ideal for cartons, containers, pipes and other building materials.  Examples : Milk cartons, detergent bottles, cereal box liners, toys, buckets, park benches and rigid pipes.

8. 3) Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC or Vinyl) This hard and rigid plastic is resistant to chemicals and weathering, making it desired for building and construction applications; while the fact that it doesn’t conduct electricity makes it common for high-tech applications, such as wires and cable. It’s also widely used in medical applications because it’s impermeable to germs, is easily disinfected and provides single-use applications that reduce infections in healthcare. On the flip side , we must note that PVC is the most dangerous plastic to human health, known to leach dangerous toxins throughout its entire lifecycle ( eg : lead, dioxins, vinyl chloride).   Examples:  Plumbing pipes, credit cards, human and pet toys, rain gutters, teething rings, IV fluid bags and medical tubing and oxygen masks.

9. 4) Low-Density Polyethylene (LDPE) A softer, clearer, and more flexible version of HDPE. It’s often used as a liner inside beverage cartons, and in corrosion-resistant work surfaces and other products.  Examples : Plastic/cling wrap, sandwich and bread bags, bubble wrap, garbage bags, grocery bags and beverage cups.

10. 5) Polypropylene (PP) This is one of the most durable types of plastic. It is more heat resistant than some others, which makes it ideal for such things as food packaging and food storage that’s made to hold hot items or be heated itself. It’s flexible enough to allow for mild bending, but it retains its shape and strength for a long time. Examples:  Straws, bottle caps, prescription bottles, hot food containers, packaging tape, disposable diapers and DVD/CD boxes (remember those!).

11. 6) Polystyrene (PS or Styrofoam) Better known as Styrofoam, this rigid plastic is low-cost and insulates very well, which has made it a staple in the food, packaging and construction industries. Like PVC, polystyrene is considered to be a dangerous plastic. It can easily leach harmful toxins such as styrene (a neurotoxin), which can easily then be absorbed by food and thus ingested by humans. Examples:  Cups, takeout food containers, shipping and product packaging, egg cartons, cutlery and building insulation.

12. 7) Other This category is a catch-all for other types of plastic that don’t belong in any of the other six categories or are combinations of multiple types. We include it because you might occasionally come across the #7 recycling code, so it’s important to know what it means. The most important thing here is that these plastics aren’t typically recyclable.  Examples:  Eyeglasses, baby and sports bottles, electronics, CD/DVDs, lighting fixtures and clear plastic cutlery.

13. Chlorinated plastic can release harmful chemicals into the surrounding soil, which can then seep into groundwater or other surrounding water sources, and also the ecosystem. This can cause a range of potentially harmful effects on the species that drink the water.

14. But the problem with plastic is that most of it isn't biodegradable . It doesn't rot, like paper or food, so instead it can hang around in the environment for hundreds of years. Each year, 400 million tonnes of plastic is produced and 40% of that is single-use - plastic we'll only use once before it's binned

15. The growing rate of plastic production raises problems in many areas of our society. It's contributing to  waste and pollution issues, it's impacting our health , and it's threatening our oceans and wildlife .

16. Plastic you put in the bin ends up in landfill . When rubbish is being transported to landfill, plastic is often blown away because it's so lightweight. From there, it can eventually clutter around drains and enter rivers and the sea this way. Litter dropped on the street doesn't stay there.

17. Why is there so much plastic waste? It mainly comes from household and commercial waste , which blows from waste bins and landfill sites into rivers or sewers, then flows out into the sea. Plastic pollution in the ocean also comes from our clothes. Tiny “ microplastics ” escape down the drain when we run synthetic clothing through the washing machine.

18. Rx REDUCE RECYCLE REUSE