Plumbing and sanitation

The presentation is about Fixtures & fittings of plumbing and sanitation including Market analysis.

1. PLUMBING AND SANITATION

2. PLUMBING Plumbing  is the system of  pipes,   drains,   fittings,   valves, and  fixtures  installed for the distribution of  Portable water   for   drinking, heating and washing, and waterborne  waste removal. "Plumbing" also refers to the skilled trade which deals with installation and maintenance There are various components that carry out the water supply and waste removal part of it. Pipes Fittings Fixtures Tanks Both overhead and underground Other connecting components Here is a market study that shows analysis of these components. Based on their practical use, available varieties, material variations and market prices of some brands The major categories of plumbing systems or subsystems are: potable cold and hot  tap water  supply Plumbing drainage venting Sewage systems  and  septic systems  with or without  hot water heat recycling  and  graywater recovery and treatment systems

3. MATERIAL STUDY Use in cold water supply pipes and cable insulation. PROPERTIES -- 1. flexible 2. Durable 3. Low cost Used in plumbing and draining pipes PROPERTIES – 1. rigid and durable 2. Nonflexible 3. safe to transport drinking water 4. fire resistant 5. recyclable U sed fire protection pipes waste water pipes. PROPERTIES – 1. prone to maintenance 2. easily discernable 3. threaded fitting Use as cold and hot water supply pipes and industrial liquid handling PROPERTIES– 1. low prize 2. ease of installation 3.fire retardant CLORINETED POLYVINYL CHLORIDE ( cPVC ) UNPLASTICIZED POLYVINYL CHLORIDE ( uPVC ) POLY VINYL CHLORIDE (PVC) GALVANIZIED IRON (GI )

4. PIPE FITTINGS Fittings are used in pipe and plumbing systems to connect straight pipe or tubing sections, to adapt to different sizes or shapes, to branch or re-direct the piping system and if necessary to provide a jointing method if 2 dissimilar piping materials are used in the one system. Fittings for pipe and tubing are most often made from the same base material as the pipe or tubing being connected. The commonly used fittings are elbow, tee, reducer, cap, union etc… ELBOW A pipe fitting installed between two lengths of pipe or tube allowing a change of direction, usually 90° or 45°. SIZES – 15, 20, 25, 32, 40, 50 mm etc.. MRP – varies from Rs. 15 to Rs. 300 TEE A Tee is used to either combine or split a fluid flow. REDUCER Reducers are used to join 2 different pipe sizes together. SIZES – 15, 20, 25, 32, 40, 50 mm etc.. MRP – varies from Rs. 20 to Rs. 350 CAP OR PLUG A type of pipe fitting which is liquid or gas tight, and is used to cover the end of a pipe. A cap has a similar function to a plug. UNION A union is similar to a coupling, except it is designed to allow quick and convenient disconnection of pipes for maintenance or fixture replacement.

5. PIPE FITTINGS STEP OVER BEND Step over bend is used to cross over an existing pipeline SIZES – 15,20,25 mm . MRP – varies from Rs. 54to Rs. 170 HEXAGONAL TRANS Hexagonal transmission is half made up of cpvc and half of brass. SOCKET A socket is a pipe attachment detail in which a pipe is inserted into a recessed area of valve or fitting.. SIZES – 20, 25, 32 mm etc.. MRP – varies from Rs. 180to Rs. 585. TANK NIPPLE Tank nipple is defined as a short stub of pipe which has external male pipe threads at each end, for connecting two other fittings. END PLUG An end plug closes off the end of the pipe. It is similar to a cap but it fits inside the fitting it is mated to. SIZES – 15,20,25,32,40,50 mm MRP – varies from Rs. 10to Rs. 170 SIZES – 15,20,25,32,40,50 mm MRP – varies from Rs. 50to Rs. 300 SIZE – 15mm MRP –Rs. 8

6. TRAPS TYPES OF TRAPS These traps are connected outside of a building collect waste water from washbasins, bathroom, kitchen sinks,etc . They are connected to the nearest of the sewer or dainage to prevent foul gases. Gully traps Interecepting traps These traps is provided at te last main hole of building sewerage to prevent entry of foul gases from public sewer to building sewer. Nahni traps Nahni traps are generally used near the washbasins to prevent the water to go through the pipes. This trap is used within the indian water closet and are made of cast iron or UPVC pipes. This trap also has water seal which prevent foul gases to enter in the house. P -TRAP S -TRAP This trap is used in fixing water closet in toilets. They are fixed in outlet of the floor. Q-TRAP This trap is used in toilet under water closet. It is used in upper storey other than the ground floor . Traps are generally defined as fittings at the end of soil pipes and waste pipe. They are located below or within a plumbing fixtures which retains small amount of water. They are used to remove foul gases.

7. FIXTURES There are different types of fixtures available such as washbasins , taps ,etc . Taps Wall Hung WC Wash Basin WC with S Trap WC with Q Trap

8. MARKET ANALYSIS These variety of fixtures and fittings are available in various brands at various rates. Different brands available for various components are: Fittings Astral Supreme Fixture Jaguar Kholer Hindware Tanks Supreme Sintex Rate comparisons of fittings: Sr.No . Fitting Size (in inches) Range ( cPVC ) Range ( uPVC ) Range (GI) 1 Pipes ½-4 245-7462 45-550 - 2 Elbow ½-2 10-219 8.5-54 31-295 3 Tee ½-2 13-276 10-414 47-375 4 Plug ½ 5.2 - 13-107 5 Reducer 3/4x1/2-- 2x1-1/2 14.5- 171.5 7.3- 39 - 6 Union ½-2 83-578 22-127 86-444 7 Tank n ipple ½--1 -1/2 57-162 19-59 66-454 8 Step over bent ½-2 42-558 22-230 - 9 Hexagonal Trans ½-2 17-74 - - 10 End cap ½-2 5-94 3.8-27.5

9. Thank You