plumbing principles.pdf

PRINCIPLES

1. MODULE4
ELEMENTSOFPLUMBING

2. WhatisPlumbing?
Plumbing–istheartandtechniqueofinstalling
pipes,fixturesandotherapparatusesin
buildingsforbringinginthesupply,liquids
substancesand/oringredientsandremoving
them; andsuchwater,liquidandothercarried–
wasteshazardoustohealth,sanitation,life,
property,alsothepipesandfixturesafter
installationi.e.,theplumbingsystem.
(Section217.6NPC1999)

3. WhatisaPlumbingSystem?
PlumbingSystemincludesallpotablewater
supplyanddistributionpipes,allplumbing
fixturesandtraps; allsanitaryandstorm
drainagesystems; ventpipes,roofdrains,
leadersanddownspouts,andallbuildingdrains
andsewers,includingtheirrespectivejointsand
connections; devices,receptacles,and
appurtenanceswithintheproperty; waterlines
inthepremises; potable,tap,hotandchilled
waterpiping; potablewatertreatingorusing
equipment; fuelgaspiping; waterheatersand
ventsforsame.(Sec.217.12NPC1999)

5. Whatarethemajorcomponentsofthe
PlumbingSystem?
Thesystemconstitutethefollowing:
1. Watersupply&DistributionSystem
carrieswaterfromthewatersource,streetmainora
pumptothebuilding&tovariouspointsofuse.
2. PlumbingFixtures
Thereceptaclesthatreceivethesuppliedwater&
allowthebuildingoccupantstoavail&usethewater
3. Drainage,Waste&Vent
Thepipingnetworkwithinthebuildingwhichconveys
fromtheplumbingfixturesallwastesandrainwater
toatreatmentfacility&pointofdisposal.

6. TYPICAL PLUMBING
SYSTEM OF A TOILET AND
BATH

7. WhoisthePlumber?
ThePlumberistheonewhoworksor
engagesinthebusinessofinstalling
inbuildingsthepipes,fixturesand
otherapparatusforbringinginthe
watersupplyandremovingliquidand
waterbornewastes.

8. Whatarethedifferentcategoriesof
Plumbers?
Thereare3categoriesofplumbers:
1. ApprenticePlumber–abeginneratthetradewho
usuallyservesfor3to5yearsasahelpertoa
journeyman.
2. JourneymanPlumber–hasservedhis
apprenticeshipandiscompetenttoperformthetasksof
installingandrepairingtheplumbingsystem.
3. MasterPlumber–apersontechnicallyandlegally
qualifiedandlicensedtopracticetheprofessionof
masterplumbingwithoutlimitationsinaccordancewith
R.A.1378,havingpassedtheexaminationsconducted
bytheProfessionalRegulationCommission,has
receivedaCertificateofRegistrationfromtheBoardof
MasterPlumbingandpossessesthecurrentLicenseto
Practice.(Sec.214.5NPC1999)

9. WhatisthePlumbingCode?
ThePlumbingCodeismanifestationofthe
rightofthegovernmenttoregulatethe
practiceoftheplumbingprofessionbased
ontheprincipleoftheprotectionofpublic
health.
ThebasicgoaloftheNationalPlumbing
CodeofthePhilippinesistoensurethe
qualifiedobservanceofthelatest
provisionsoftheplumbing&
environmentallaws.

10. Whatarethebasicprinciplesthat
governtheNationalPlumbingCodeof
thePhilippines?
Thereare22basicprinciplesofthe1999
NationalPlumbingCodeofthePhilippines
whichareupdatesofthetenetsinthe
“PlumbingLawofthePhilippines”
approvedon18June1955asamended
on28November1959andrevisedon21
December1999.
Thebasicprinciplesareasfollows:

11. PrincipleNo.1:
Allpremisesintended
forhumanhabitation,
occupancyoruse
shallbeprovidedwith
asupplyofpureand
wholesomewater,
neitherconnected
withunsafesupplies
norsubjecttohazards
ofbackfloworback
siphonage.

12. PrincipleNo.2:
Plumbingfixtures,
devicesand
appurtenancesshall
besuppliedwith
waterinsufficient
volume&ata
pressureadequateto
enablethemto
functionsatisfactorily
&withoutunduenoise
undernormal
conditionsofuse.

13. PrincipleNo.3:
Plumbingshallbe
designedand
adjustedtousethe
minimumquantity
ofwaterconsistent
withproper
performanceand
cleaning.

14. PrincipleNo.4:
Devicesforheating
andstoringwater
shallbeso
designedand
installedasto
preventdangers
fromexplosion
through
overheating.

15. PrincipleNo.5:
Everybuildinghaving
plumbingfixtures
installed&intendedfor
humanhabitation,
occupancyoruseon
premisesabuttingona
street,alleyoreasement
wherethereisapublic
sewer,shallbe
connectedtothepublic
sewersystem.

16. PrincipleNo.6:
Eachfamilydwellingunitonpremisesabutting
onasewerorwithaprivatesewagedisposal
systemshallhaveatleast1watercloset&1
kitchen-typesink. Further,alavatoryorbathtub
orshowershallbeinstalledtomeetthebasic
requirementofsanitation&personalhygiene.

17. PrincipleNo.7:
Plumbingfixtures
shallbemadeof
smoothnon-
absorbentmaterial,
freefrom
concealedfouling
surfaces&shallbe
locatedin
ventilated
enclosures.

18. PrincipleNo.8:
Thedrainage
systemshallbe
designed,
constructedand
maintainedto
safeguardagainst
fouling,depositof
solids,clogging
andwithadequate
cleanoutsso
arrangedthatthe
pipesmightbe
readilycleaned.

19. PrincipleNo.9:
Allpipingofplumbing
systemsshallbeof
durableNAMPAP–
APPROVED
materials,freefrom
defective
workmanship,
designed&
constructedby
RegisteredMaster
Plumberstoensure
satisfactoryservice.

20. PrincipleNo.10:
Eachfixture
directlyconnected
tothedrainage
systemshallbe
equippedwith
water–sealed
trap.

21. PrincipleNo.11:
Thedrainage
pipingsystemshall
bedesignedto
provideadequate
circulationoffree
airfromsiphonage,
aspirationor
forcingoftrap
sealsunder
ordinaryuse.

22. PrincipleNo.12:
Ventterminalsshall
extendtotheouterair
andinstalledto
preemptcloggingand
thereturnoffoulairto
thebuilding.

23. PrincipleNo.13:
Plumbingsystemsshallbesubjectedto
suchteststoeffectivelydiscloseallleaks
anddefectsintheworkmanship.

24. PrincipleNo.14:
Nosubstancewhich
willclogthepipes,
produceexplosive
mixtures,destroythe
pipesortheirjointsor
interfereundulywith
thesewagedisposal
processshallbe
allowedtoenterthe
buildingdrainage
system.

25. PrincipleNo.15:
Properprotectionshallbe
providedtoprevent
contaminationoffood,
water,sterilegoods&
similarmaterialsby
backflowofsewage.
Whennecessary,the
fixture,deviceor
applianceshallbe
connectedindirectlywith
thebuildingdrainage
system.

26. PrincipleNo.16:
Nowaterclosetshallbelocatedinaroom
orcompartmentwhichisnotproperly
lightedorventilated.

27. PrincipleNo.17:
Ifwaterclosetsorother
plumbingfixturesare
installedinbuildings
wherethereisnosewer
withinareasonable
distance,suitable
provisionshallbemade
fordisposingofthe
buildingsewagebysome
acceptedmethodof
sewagetreatmentand
disposal,suchasseptic
tank.

28. PrincipleNo.18:
Whereaplumbingdrainagesystemmaybe
subjecttobackflowofsewage,suitableprovision
shallbemadetopreventitsoverflowinthe
building.

29. PrincipleNo.19:
Plumbingsystemsshallbemaintainedin
serviceableconditionbyRegistered
MasterPlumbers.

30. PrincipleNo.20:
Allplumbing
fixturesshall
beproperly
spaced,to
be
accessible
fortheir
intended
use.

31. PrincipleNo.21:
Plumbingshallbe
installedbyRegistered
MasterPlumberswith
dueregardtothe
preservationofthe
strengthofstructural
membersandthe
preventionofdamageto
wallsandothersurfaces
throughfixtureusage.

32. PrincipleNo.22:
Sewageorother
wastefroma
plumbingsystem
whichmaybe
deleteriousto
surfaceorsub–
surfacewaters
shallnotbe
dischargeintothe
groundorontoany
waterway,unless
firstrendered
innocuousthrough
subjectiontosome
acceptableformof
treatment.