pnemoconiosis.pptx

Pneumoconiosis is an occupational pulmonary disease caused by exposure to asbestos, coal dust, or silica and manifested by difficulty breathing and chronic cough. this knowledge will help in health care and occupation area to prevent and cure the condition.

1. PNEUMOCONIOSIS MS DRASHTI PATEL NURSING TUTOR

2. PNEUMOCONIOSIS Pneumoconiosis is an occupational pulmonary disease caused by exposure to asbestos, coal dust, or silica and manifested by difficulty breathing and chronic cough.

3. 1. Different forms of the disease include Coal Workers Pneumoconiosis (CWP), also known as black lung disease, and byssinosis, also known as brown lung disease, caused by cotton fibers. 2. Pneumoconiosis is caused by asbestos is called asbestosis.

4. Etiology 1 Pneumoconiosis is caused by the inhalation of dust, commonly found in miners and agricultural workers. 2. Brown lung disease is caused by exposure to cotton fibres . 3. Asbestosis is caused by exposure to asbestos.

5. Risk Factors Pneumoconiosis is found more common in: 1. Plumbers, roofers, and builders who work with asbestos. 2. Coal mines 3. Textile workers

6. Pathophysiology Inhalation of coal dust or graphite over a long time, (20 years or more) Coal dust collects around bronchioles Fibrosis of lung tissues may block the airway

7. More serious form of the disease called progressive massive fibrosis, in which large scars (at least ½ inch in diameter) develop in the lungs as a reaction to the dust. Progressive massive fibrosis may worsen even after exposure to coal dust stops. Lung tissue and the blood vessels in the lungs can be destroyed by the scarring.

8. Clinical Manifestations Typical symptoms of pneumoconiosis are: 1. Difficulty in breathing, or shortness of breath. 2. A cough, which may produce phlegm. 3. Tightness in the chest. 4. Bronchitis 5. Emphysema

9. 6. Swelling in the neck or face-as lungs are unable to expand, increasing workload on heart, causes pulmonary hypertension. 7. Clubbed fingers and toe. 8. Loss of weight/appetite.

10. Diagnostic Evaluation 1. Medical history and respiratory assessment. 2. Pulmonary function tests reveal inspiration and expiration pressure, oxygen saturation. 3. Bronchoscopy 4. Lung biopsy 5. A chest X-ray or CT scan can reveal inflammation, excess fluid, or scarring in the lungs.

11. Medical Management 1. Oxygen therapy is given to improve oxygen saturation. 2. Inhalers and steroids may help to manage the condition day-to-day. 3. Short term corticosteroid therapy may be used to treat exacerbations of the condition. 4. In severe condition, patient receives mechanical ventilation in ICU. 5. Medicine is prescribed to control pain and cough.

12. 6. Other treatments include the use of inhalers and antibiotics . 7. Pulmonary rehabilitation : It is used in conjunction with medical treatments; patients are trained for new breathing strategies ; smarter exercise techniques; and ways to manage stress . Pulmonary rehabilitation can also increase energy levels, strengthen exercise performance and improve overall survival and quality of life. 8. Palliative care : It aims to reduce coughing and shortness of breath.

13. Surgical Management Lung transplant is a surgical procedure where infected/ damaged lungs are replaced by healthy lungs.

14. Nursing Management 1. Monitor vital signs. 2. Assess patient's respiratory status. 3. Encourage patient for pulmonary rehabilitation. 4. Assess whether patient is doing breathing exercises or not. 5. Depending on length and severity of disease, educate the patient about precautions he/she has to take in work place.

15. 6. Administer prescribed medications. 7. Teach patient about the use of inhaler and its care at home. 8. Educate patient about home O2 therapy, nutrition, sign and symptoms, coughing with chronic disease. 9. Nurse play a key role or important role in identifying potential candidates for rehabilitation and also encourage the patient for rehabilitation therapy, education, physical therapy. For example, occupational therapy is for conservation of energy and techniques during daily living.

16. Complications 1. Pneumothorax 2. COPD 3. Pleural diseases 4. Lung tumor

17. Nursing Diagnosis 1. Ineffective airway clearance related to copious secretions. 2. Altered breathing pattern related to lung fibrosis. 3. Activity intolerance related to impaired respiratory function. 4. Risk for deficient fluid volume related to dyspnea. 5. Imbalanced nutrition: Less than body requirements related to cough and discomfort. 6. Altered sleeping pattern related to cough. 7. Deficient knowledge about the treatment regimen and preventive health measures.