PNEUMOCONIOSIS bagassosis, farmer lung.pptx

Definition
•The term pneumoconiosis derives its meaning from the Greek words: pneuma = air and konis = dust
•The International Labour Organization defines pneumoconiosis as “the accumulation of dust in the lungs and the tissue reactions to its presence”
•Not included in the definition of pneumoconiosis are conditions such as asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and hypersensitivity pneumonitis, in which there is no requirement for dust to accumulate in the lungs in the long term.
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Types
•Silicosis - from silica dust
•Coal workers pneumoconiosis (anthracosis) - from coal dust
•Byssinosis - from cotton dust
•Asbestosis - from asbestos dust
•Bagassosis - from sugarcane dust
•Farmer’s lung - from hay dust or mold spores or other agricultural products.



Asbestosis
•Asbestosis is diffuse interstitial pulmonary fibrosis that occurs secondary to the inhalation of asbestos fibers.
•It is considered separately from other asbestos-related diseases, such as benign pleural effusion and plaques and bronchogenic
carcinoma.

1. Pneumoconiosis Bhuvan Roll No.-33

2. Definition The term pneumoconiosis derives its meaning from the Greek words: pneuma = air and konis = dust The International Labour Organization defines pneumoconiosis as “the accumulation of dust in the lungs and the tissue reactions to its presence” Not included in the definition of pneumoconiosis are conditions such as asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and hypersensitivity pneumonitis, in which there is no requirement for dust to accumulate in the lungs in the long term.

3. Types Silicosis - from silica dust Coal workers pneumoconiosis ( anthracosis ) - from coal dust Byssinosis - from cotton dust Asbestosis - from asbestos dust Bagassosis - from sugarcane dust Farmer’s lung - from hay dust or mold spores or other agricultural products.

4. Asbestosis Asbestosis is diffuse interstitial pulmonary fibrosis that occurs secondary to the inhalation of asbestos fibers . It is considered separately from other asbestos-related diseases, such as benign pleural effusion and plaques and bronchogenic carcinoma .

5. Asbestosis Significant occupational exposure to asbestos occurs mainly in Asbestos cement factories Asbestos textile industry and Asbestos mining and milling.

6. Asbestosis Symptoms Average latency period-20-30 years Dyspnoea Cough Chest pain In advanced cases, clubbing of fingers. At histopathologic analysis, asbestos bodies, which may consist of a single asbestos fiber surrounded by a segmented protein-iron coat, can be identified in intraalveolar macrophages.

7. Asbestosis Treatment Strategy:- Stopping additional exposure Careful monitoring to facilitate early diagnosis Smoking cessation Regular influenza and pneumococcal vaccines Disability assessment Pulmonary rehabilitation as needed Aggressive treatment of respiratory infections.

8. Bagassosis Bagassosis is the name given to an occupational disease of the lung caused by inhalation of bagasse or sugarcane dust. The sugarcane fibre which earlier went to waste, is now utilized in the manufacturing of paper, cardboard and rayon. The symptoms consist of breathlessness, cough, haemoptysis and slight fever. Initially there is acute diffuse

9. Bagassosis PREVENTIVE MEASURES: DUST CONTROL :Measures for the prevention and suppression of dust such as wet process, enclosed apparatus, exhaust ventilation etc.. should be used. PERSONAL PROTECTION: Protective equipment (masks or respirators with mechanical filters) MEDICAL CONTROL: Initial medical examination and periodical medical check-ups of the workers are indicated. BAGASSE CONTROL : By keeping the moisture content above 20 per cent and spraying the bagasse with 2 per cent propionic acid, bagasse can be rendered safe for manufacturing use

10. Farmer’s Lung Farmer's lung is due to the inhalation of mouldy hay or grain dust. In grain dust or hay with a moisture content of over 30 per cent bacteria and fungi grow rapidly, causing a rise of temperature to 40 to 50 deg. C. This heat encourages the growth of thermophilic actinomycetes , of which Micropolyspora faeni is the main cause of farmer's lung (23). Repeated attacks cause pulmonary fibrosis and inevitable pulmonary damage. It is quite possible that this condition might be widespread in India considering the bulk of the population engaged in agricultural work

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