pneumothorax 1.pptx definition, types, clinical features, diagnosis, treatment

This presentation is brief description about pneumothorax.

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2. Pneumothorax 2

3. Contents: Definition Types Clinical feature Diagnosis Treatment 3

4. Definition: “Pneumothorax :  is an abnormal collection of air or gas in the pleural space separating the lung from the chest wall, causing the lungs to collapse.” 4

5. Types : Spontaneous pneumothorax: Primary: It occurs in young healthy individuals without underlying lung disease . It is due to rupture of apical sub-pleural bleb . Secondary:  occurs in the presence of pre-existing lung pathology. Ex : Cystic lung disease ,COPD, LUNG CANCER & T.B 5

6. Cont. Traumatic pneumothorax: Open: Chest wall is damaged by any wound --outside air enters pleural space and causes lungs to collapse. Closed: here chest wall is punctured or air leaks from a ruptured bronchus Iatrogenic : Ex. Postoperative Mechanical ventilation , Thoracocentesis & Central venous cannulation . 6

7. 7 Clinical Features:

8. Diagnosis – Chest Xray The characteristics of pneumothorax Pleural line No lung markings in pneumothorax 8

9. CT Scanning A further use of CT is in the identification of underlying lung lesions 9

10. Treatment : Goals : To promote lung expansion. To eliminate the pathogenesis. To decrease pneumothorax recurrence. Treatment options : Simple aspiration Intercostal tube drainage Surgical treatment 10

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12. Hint points : 12

13. THNXS 13