Pollution control board -Power and Functions

Power and Functions of Central Pollution Control Board and State Control Board

1. POLLUTION CONTROL BOARD
POWER AND FUNCTIONS
SAHEL SHARAFUDHEEN
MTECH INDUSTRIAL SAFETY
SOE, CUSAT

2. WATER POLLUTION
• The Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974
has been enacted for the purpose of prevention and control
of water pollution.
•It states :An act to provide for the prevention and control of
water pollution and the maintaining or restoring of
wholesomeness of water, for the establishment, with a view
to carrying out the purposes aforesaid, of Boards for the
prevention and control of water pollution, for conferring on
and assigning to such Boards powers and functions relating
thereto and for matters connected therewith .

3. •Chapter II of the Water (Prevention and Control
of Pollution) Act, 1974 deals with the constitution
of Central board, State Boards and their functions
•Sec. 3, the Central Board is constituted by the
Central Government and is called Central
Pollution Control Board.
•Sec.4, the State Boards shall be constituted by
the State Government and it shall be called as
State Pollution Control Board

4. •Sec.4(4) :No state Board shall be constituted for a
Union Territory. In relation to a Union Territory,
the Central Board shall exercise the powers and
perform the functions of a State Board for the
Union territory
•Chapter IV deals with the powers and functions
of the Central Pollution Control Board and State
Pollution Control Board. Section 16 deals with
the function of Central Pollution Control Board
whereas section 17 deals with the powers and
functions of State Pollution Control Board.

5. FUNCTIONS OF CENTRAL POLLUTION
CONTROL BOARD
•(a) Advise the Central Government :The Central Pollution
Control Board can advise the Central Government on any
matter concerning the prevention and control of water
pollution.
•(b) Co-Ordination with State Board: Central Pollution Control
Board is to Co-ordinate the activities of the State Boards and
resolve dispute among them.
•(c) Technical Assistance/Guidance to State Boards: Central
Pollution Control Board is to provide technical assistance and
guidance to the State Boards, carry out investigations and
research relating to problem of water pollution and
prevention, control or abatement of water pollution.

6. •(d) Training Programme :Central Pollution Control Board is to
plan and organize the training of persons engaged or to be
engaged in programmes for the prevention, control or
abatement of water pollution.
•(e) Organising Comprehensive Programme: Central Pollution
Control Board is to organize through mass media a
comprehensive programme regarding the prevention and
control of water pollution.
•(f) Functions as State Board: By the Amending Act, 1988, the
Central Board can perform such of the functions of any State
Board i.e., “power to give directions”-“every State Board
shall be bound by such directions in writing as the Central
Government or the State Government may give to it.

7. • (g) Publication of Statistical/Technical Data :Central
Pollution Control Board is to Collect, compile and publish
technical and statistical relating to water pollution and the
measures devised for its effective prevention and control
and prepare manuals, codes or guides relating to treatment
and disposal of sewage and trade effluents and disseminate
information connected therewith.
• (h) Laying Down Standard for A Stream/Well: Central
Pollution Control Board is to lay down, modify , in
consultation with the State Government concerned the
standards for a stream or well.
• (i) Execution of Programme at National Level: Central
Pollution Control Board is to plan and cause to be executed
by a nationwide programme for the prevention, control or
abatement of water pollution

8. FUNCTIONS OF STATE POLLUTION
CONTROL BOARDS
•(a) Planning Comprehensive Programme :The State Pollution
Control Board is to plan a comprehensive programme for the
prevention, control or abatement of pollution of streams and wells
in the state and to secure the execution thereof.
•(b) Advisory functions: The State Pollution Control Board is to
advise the state government on any matter concerning the
prevention, control or abatement of water pollution.
•(c) Dissemination of Information: The State Pollution Control Board
is to collect and disseminate information relating to water pollution
and the prevention, control or abatement thereof.
•(d) Investigation and research :The State Pollution Control Board is
to encourage, conduct and participate in investigation and research
relating to problems of water pollution and prevention, control or
abatement of water pollution.

9. •(e) Organising training programme :The State Pollution Control Board is
to collaborate with the Central Board in organising the training of persons
engaged in programmes relating to prevention, control or abatement of
water pollution and to organise mass education programmes relating
thereto
•(f) Inspection of sewage/trade effluents plants The State Pollution
Control Board is to inspect sewage or trade effluents works and plants for
the treatment of sewage and trade effluents, and to review plans,
specifications or other data relating to plants setup for the treatment of
water, works for the purification thereof and the system of the disposal of
sewage or trade effluents or in connection with the grant of any consent
as required by the Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974.
• (g) Lay down Standards for Causing Discharge of Water The State
Pollution Control Board is to lay down, modify or annul effluents
standards for the sewage and trade effluents and for the quality of
receiving waters resulting from the discharge of effluents and to classify
water of the state.

10. •(h) Economical Methods of Treatment of Sewage: The
State Pollution Control Board is to evolve economical and
reliable methods of treatment of sewage and trade
effluents, having regard to the peculiar conditions of soil,
climate and water resources in different regions.
•(i) Methods Regarding Utilization of Sewage The State
Pollution Control Board is to evolve methods of utilization
of sewage and suitable trade effluents in agriculture.
•(j) Methods of Disposal of Sewage :The State Pollution
Control Board is to evolve efficient methods of disposal of
sewage and trade effluents on land, as are necessary on
account of the predominant conditions of
•(k) Laying Down Standards for Treatment of Sewage
•(l) Advisory Functions

11. POWERS OF THE CENTRAL POLLUTION
CONTROL BOARD
• 1. The Central Pollution Control Board is empowered by Section
18 of the act to give directions to the State Pollution Control
Boards.
•2. The Central Pollution Control Board has powers to perform any
of the functions of the State Pollution Control Board in case of
non-compliance of any directions given by the Central Pollution
Control Board.
•3. The Central Pollution Control Board is empowered to issue
directions under section 33A of the Act, to direct the closure,
prohibition or regulation of any industry, operation or process or
the stoppage or regulation of supply of electricity, water or any
other service.

12. POWERS OF STATE POLLUTION CONTROL
BOARD
•1. Power to obtain information (Sec.20)
• 2. Power to take samples of effluents for
analysis (Sec.21)
•3. Power of entry and inspection (Sec.23) 4.
Power to impose restriction on new outlets
and new discharges (Sec.25)
• 5. Power to refuse or withdraw consent for
the establishment of any industry, etc.
(Sec.27)

13. •6. Power to carry out certain works (Sec.30)
• 7. Power to carry out emergency operations
in case of pollution of stream or well (Sec.32)
• 8. Power to make applications to the courts
for restraining apprehended pollution of
water in streams or wells (Sec.33)
•9. Power to give directions (Sec.33A)

14. AIR POLLUTION
•THE AIR (PREVENTION AND CONTROL OF
POLLUTION)ACT, 1981 has been enacted for the
purpose of prevention and control of water
pollution.
•It states:An Act to provide for the prevention, control
and abatement of air pollution, for the
establishment, with a view to carrying out the
aforesaid purposes, of boards, for conferring on and
assigning to such Boards powers and functions
relating thereto and for matters connecting
therewith

15. •The Central Pollution Control Board constituted under section 3 of
water (prevention and control of pollution)act was authorised to
perform the funtions and exercise the power for prevention and
control of air pollution
•The State Pollution Control Board constituted under section 4 of
water (prevention and control of pollution)act was authorised to
perform the funtions and exercise the power for prevention and
control of air pollution
•If there is no state pollution control board for water pollution ,then
the section 5 in 1981 act constitute a state board of prevention and
control of air pollution.
•Sec.6 the Central Board shall exercise the powers and perform the
functions of a State Board for the Union territory

16. •Chapter III deals with the powers and
functions of the Central Pollution Control
Board and State Pollution Control Board.
•. Section 16 deals with the function of Central
Pollution Control Board whereas section 17
deals with the powers and functions of State
Pollution Control Board.

17. Functions of central pollution control
board
•a) advise the Central Government on any matter concerning the
improvement of the quality of air and the prevention, control or
abatement of air pollution;
•(b) plan and cause to be executed a nation-wide programme for the
prevention, control or abatement
•of air pollution; (c) co-ordination the activities of the State Board
and resolve disputes among them;
•(d) provide technical assistance and guidance to the State Boards,
carry out and sponsor investigations and research relating to
problems of air pollution and prevention, control or abatement of
air pollution
•(e) plan and organize the training of person engaged or to engaged
in programmes for the prevention, control or abatement of air
pollution on such terms and conditions as the Central Board may
specify.

18. •(f) organize through mass media a comprehensive
programme regarding the prevention, control or
abatement of air pollution;
•(g) collect, compile and publish technical and statistical
data relating to air pollution and the measures devised
for its effective prevention, control or abatement and
prepare manuals, codes or guides relating to
prevention, control or abatement of air pollution;
•(h) lay down standards for the quality of air;
•(i) collect and disseminate information in respect of
matters relating to air

19. Functions of state pollution control
board
• to plan a comprehensive programme for the prevention, control or
abatement of air pollution and to secure the execution thereof-,
• to advise the State Government on any matter concerning the
prevention, control or abatement of air pollution;
• to collect and disseminate information relating to air pollution;
• to collaborate with the Central Board in organizing the training of
persons engaged or to be engaged in programmes relating to
prevention, control or abatement of air pollution and
to organize mass-education programme relating thereto;
• to inspect, at all reasonable times, any control equipment,
industrial plant or manufacturing process and to give, by order,
such directions to such persons as it may consider necessary to take
steps for the prevention, control or abatement of air pollution;
•to inspect air pollution control areas at such intervals as it may
think necessary, assess the quality of air therein and take steps for
the prevention, control or abatement of air pollution in such areas;

20. • to lay down, in consultation with the Central Board and having regard to
the standards for the quality of air laid down by the Central Board,
standards for emission of air pollutants into the atmosphere from
industrial plants and automobiles or for the discharge of any air pollutant
into the atmosphere from any other source whatsoever not being a ship
or an aircraft
•to advise the State Government with respect to the suitability of any
premises or location for carrying on any industry, which is likely to cause,
air pollution;
• to Perform such other functions as may be prescribed or as may, from
time to time, be entrusted to it by the Central Board or the State
Government;
•to do such other things and to perform such other acts as it may think
necessary for the proper discharge of its functions and generally for the
purpose of carrying into effect the purposes of this Act.

21. POWERS OF THE CENTRAL POLLUTION
CONTROL BOARD
•(i) Power to give directions to State Boards
under section 18(1) (b).
•(ii) Power to issue, directions of a regulatory
nature under section 31 A.

22. POWERS OF STATE POLLUTION
CONTROL BOARD
•Sec.19(1):State Government, after consultation with the State Board,
may declare air pollution control areas, alter them etc.
•Sec. 19(2), 19(3) and 19(4):State Government, after consulting the
State Board, may prohibit in the air pollution control areas, the use of
non-approved fuel or non-approved air control equipment.
•Sec. 19(5):State Government, after consulting the State Board, may,
in any air pollution control area, prohibit the burning of any material
(other than fuel) being material which may cause air pollution.
•Sec.20:State Government, in consultation with the State Board, may
issue instructions to registration authority for motor vehicles, in order
to ensure that the standards laid down

23. Reference
•The Water (Prevention and Control of
Pollution) Act, 1974
•The Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution)
Act, 1981