POSITION.pptx

POSITION
FUNDAMENTAL OF NURSING
UNIT - XII

1. POSITION UNIT - XII ABIRAMI. K , B.SC NURSING, TUTOR SRM TRICHY COLLEGE OF NURSING, TRICHY.

2. INTRODCTION Therapeutic positions are used to promote comfort of the client. Proper positioning allows the health care provider to make clients as comfortable as possible, prevent contractures and pressure sores. Proper position help in diagnostic tests (or) surgical interventions & procedures and allow clients greater access to their environment.

3. DEFINITION Positioning is defined as planning the person in a proper body alignment for the purpose of preventive, promotive, curative and rehabilitative aspects of health (or) placing the patients in good body alignment as needed therapeutically.

4. PURPOSES To provide comfort to the patient To maintain the body alignment To stimulate circulation To promote normal physiological functions To relieve pressure on various parts To prevent complications caused by immobility such as bed sores, foot drop and contractures To perform surgical and medical interventions

5. PRINCIPLES Maintain good body mechanics Ensure patient’s safety and comfort Obtain assistance as required. Follow safety measures to prevent accidents. Follow the systematic and orderly way of doing.

6. ARTICLES Clean, dry, firm bed Different types of mattresses Bed boards Pillows Footboard Sand bags Hand rolls Trochanter rolls Bed blocks Over bed table Additional sheets Trapeze bar

7. TYPES OF POSITION Supine position Prone position Lateral position Fowler’s position Lithotomy position Knee-chest position Sim’s position Trendelenburg position Dorsal recumbent position

8. SUPINE POSITION BACK LYING, HORIZONTAL POSITION PURPOSES To perform general examination To provide comfort and relaxation. To relieve tension on abdominal

9. INDICATIONS Abdominal surgeries Physical examination Administration of iv fluids and blood transfusion CONTRAINDICATIONS Patient with dyspnea At risk of aspiration

10. PRESSURE POINTS

11. PRONE POSITION FACE LYING Purposes To give comfort To relieve pressure from bedsore To prevent aspiration of saliva & mucus For patient after 24 hrs of amputation of lower limbs Position for renal biopsy

12. INDICATIONS Any surgeries at the back Decubitus ulcer at the back CONTRAINDICATIONS After abdominal surgery Patients with respiratory (or) spinal problems.

13. PRESSURE POINTS

14. LATERAL POSITION SIDE LYING PURPOSES To provide comfortable position To breath easily To perform rectal examination

15. Indications Insertion of suppositories During enema and bowel wash Rectal temperature Diagnostic procedures such as protoscopy, sigmoidoscopy Rectal surgeries In immediate post operative patients to prevent the risk of aspiration. (except in spinal & epidural anaesthesia). Contraindications After hip (or) orthopaedic surgery

16. PRESSURE POINTS

17. FOWLER’S POSITION Purposes To obtain good drainage To localize infection in the pelvis and prevent its spread to the peritoneum To prevent strain of abdominal muscles To facilitate breathing in patients with cardiac (or) respiratory disorder To relieve tension of sutures (abdomen sutures)

18. Indications Postoperative nasal surgeries Post thyroidectomy Cardiac (or) respiratory conditions Post CABG ( Coronary Artery Bypass Graft) Contraindication After brain (or) spinal surgery

19. Pressure points

20. Sim’s position semi prone Purposes To provide comfort To visualize the vagina & rectum

21. Indications Vaginal and rectal examination Pelvic examination & treatment Contraindications Supine and orthopaedic surgeries (or) condition

22. Pressure points Maxillary bone, ear lobe Breast Abdomen Patella Toes

23. Lithotomy position Purposes To examine perineal area and rectum.

24. Indications Gynaecological procedures Vaginal delivery Rectal surgeries e.g. Hemorridectomy , fissurotomy For vaginal hysterectomy cystoscopy Contraindications Certain pulmonary disorders, elderly people, hip (or) joint disorder

25. Pressure points

26. Knee-chest position genupectoral Purposes To visualize the rectum and vagina To provide comfort

27. Indications Sigmoidoscopy Examination of vagina Exercise for postpartum patient Contraindications Fracture of legs and hips

28. Pressure points

29. Dorsal recumbent position

30. Indications Catheterization Apply of vaginal douche Vulva, vagina and rectal examination Vaginal operations Contraindications Spinal anaesthesia Spinal surgery

31. Pressure points Head Scapula Sacrum Buttock Foot

32. Trendelenburg and reverse Trendelenburg position

33. Purposes To displace the intestines from the pelvic cavity into the upper abdomen To treat shock and decreased blood pressure. Indications Examination and operation of pelvic organ s Shock patients Postural drainage Management of hypotension Patients with deep vein thrombosis.

34. Contraindications Head injury Increased intracranial pressure Cardiac overload

35. Pressure points