Post Mauryan Empire PARMAR SSCgggggggg.pdf

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1. PARMAR SSC
Post Mauryan Dynasties

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Sunga Dynasty ( 185-73 BC )
Last ruler of Mauryan Dynasty: Brihadratha killed by Pushyamitra Sunga
•Founder: Pushyamitra Sunga
•Capital: Vidisha (presently in Madhya Pradesh)
•Followed Brahamanism & a devotee of Krishna
•Patronised Buddhism Bharhut Stupa built during his reign
•Son: Agnimitra Malvikagnimitra by Kalidasa (tells story of love of
Agnimitra and Malvika)
•Patanjali :Book Mahabhasya
Performed Two Ashwamegha Yagya for Pushyamitra

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Last Ruler : Devbhuti
Killed By Commander : Vasudev of Kanva Dynasty ( 73 BC- 28 BC )
Capital : Patliputra
Satvahana Dynasty ( 60 BC - 225 BC )
•Present day: Maharashtra region
•Capital: Paithan/Pratisthan (Maharashtra)
•Founder: Simuka Satvahana
•Greatest ruler: Gautamiputra Satkarni [106-130AD] (defeated Ksatrap Nahapana,
one of the Saka rulers)
•Nasik Inscription

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Satvahana Dynasty ( 60 BC - 225 AD )
•This Dynasty Embraced Brahmanism
•Title of Gautamiputra Satkarni : EKBrahmana
•Gautamiputra Satkarni claims to have established 4 fold Varna system
•Society was Matrilineal
•Started the practice of donating the land to Brahmans and Buddhist Monks
•They started Lead Coins
•This Dynasty Embraced
•Rudradaman 1 of Saka dynasty defeated Vashistaputra Pulayami(a
satavahana ruler)

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Satvahana Dynasty ( 60 BC - 225 BC )
•Many Chaitya, Viharas were cut out from rocks, eg: In Nasik, Kanheri, Karle
(Maharashtra)
•Ajanta and Ellora caves were first built during their reign
•Stupas built: Amravati and Nagarjunakonda (Andhra Pradesh)
•Language: Prakrit
•This Dynasty Embraced
•KARLE CHAITYA :
•KANHERI CAVES

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Chedi Dynasty ( 60 BC - 225 BC )
•This Dynasty ruled over the parts of Kalinga
•King Kharavela was the greatest ruler of this Dynasty who embraced Jainism
•We get to know about this dynasty form Hathigumpha inscription (Bhubaneshwar)

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INVSIONS FROM
CENTRAL ASIA

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Invasion from Central India (2
nd
century BC Onwards)
•1st to cross Hindu Kush mountain: Greeks
•Most famous ruler: Meander/Milinda
Converted to Buddhism
Milindapanho
Nagasena ( Buddhist Monk )
Greek Rulers:
•They were the 1st to introduce Gold coins
•Coins attributed to King (coins had picture of the King)
•Introduced Hellenistic art in North Western region
Seen in Gandhara Art

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Sakas :
•Ruled North West and North India
•Also known as Scythians
•5 Branches : one branch settled over Western part of India that ruled until 4th Century
AD ( 400 AD )
•They introduced Satrapi system
Vikramaditya Parmar
•In 57 BC defeated Sakas Started Vikram Samvat (Hindu Calendar)
•Vikramaditya becomes coveted title
•Ruler of Ujjain
Not Followed by Government of India

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Saka Dynasty
•Rudradaman I (most famous Saka ruler) – [130-150AD]
•About him: in Junagadh Rock Inscriptions (also known as Girnar inscriptions) Gujarat
•Repaired Sudarshan Lake
Constructed by: Pushyagupta Vaishya
(present during Chandragupta Maurya)
•Parthians also came to Indian subcontinent during SAKAS , St. Thomas is said to
have visited during Gondapherenes

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Kushans (1st Century AD-3rd Century AD)
•Also known as Yuezhis/Tocharians
•Capital: Peshawar (first) and later Mathura
•They called themselves DEVAPUTRA i.e. “Sons of Gods/King of Kings
•1st Dynasty : Kadphises
1
Kujula
2
Kujula/
VIMA

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KANISHKA
Started Saka Era ( Followed by Govt
Of India)
•Also Known as 2nd Ashoka
•Patronised 4th Buddhist Council
•We get to know about him from RABATAK
Inscriptions which dates back to 2
nd

century CE ,Written in Bactrian language
and Greek script

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Impact in Indian Society
•Completely immersed themselves in indigenous culture
•Pottery: Red Ware
•Horseman technique, introduced Turban wearing, Sherwani wearing
Polity
Introduced : Satrap system of Government
Military Governship
Strategos by Greek
Military General
Culture
They worshipped Shiva and Lord Buddha

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Literature
•Buddhacharitra: Ashvaghosha
•Mahavatsu and Divyadana
•Kamasutra: Vatsayana
Science
•Medicine: Charaksamhita By Charak ( Father of Medicine )
Book that mentions about different Medicines
•Sushruta Father of Surgery

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