Posterior Capsular Opacification.pptx

In this PowerPoint presentation on Poster Capsular Opacification (PCO), we will delve deeper into the intricate details of PCO development and management. We will begin by discussing the etiological factors that contribute to PCO, such as residual lens epithelial cells and the inflammatory response following cataract surgery. We will explore the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying PCO, including the epithelial-mesenchymal transition process and the role of growth factors and cytokines. Through illustrative diagrams and clear explanations, we will provide a visual representation of these complex processes.

Moving forward, we will focus on the clinical presentation and diagnosis of PCO. We will highlight the key symptoms experienced by patients, such as blurred vision, glare, and reduced contrast sensitivity, and discuss how these symptoms are linked to the opacification of the posterior lens capsule. We will demonstrate various diagnostic techniques, including slit-lamp examination, retroillumination, specular microscopy, and optical coherence tomography (OCT), to help clinicians accurately assess the extent of PCO and differentiate it from other potential causes of visual decline.

Prevention strategies will be a significant focus of this presentation. We will explore the advancements in surgical techniques, such as capsular polishing and continuous curvilinear capsulorhexis, aimed at minimizing residual lens epithelial cells and reducing the risk of PCO development. In addition, we will discuss the role of different types of intraocular lenses (IOLs) and their impact on PCO incidence. The pros and cons of various IOL materials and designs will be discussed, providing valuable insights for surgeons and patients alike.

Lastly, we will address the management strategies for PCO. The primary management option, YAG laser capsulotomy, will be thoroughly explained, including the procedure itself, its efficacy in restoring visual acuity, and potential complications. Furthermore, we will explore innovative approaches under investigation to minimize PCO recurrence, such as pharmacological agents and IOL modifications.

Throughout the presentation, we will incorporate captivating visuals, case studies, and interactive elements to engage the audience and reinforce key concepts. By the end of this comprehensive presentation, attendees will have a solid understanding of PCO, from its underlying mechanisms to its diagnosis and management, empowering them to provide the best possible care for patients affected by this visually impairing condition.

1. Posterior Capsular Opacification Presented by: Ms. Gulafshan Saifi Assistant Professor Faculty of Paramedical Sciences Bareilly International University, Bareilly

2. PCO also referred to as secondary cataract . It is the most common post operative complication of cataract extraction. It is the opacity which develops after extracapsular lens extraction. PCO occurs in 20 to 50% patients of Cataract surgery. Introduction

3. What is PCO( Posterior Capsular Opacification) In a Cataract operation the surgeon removes the cloudy lens from the capsule that contain your lens. Then they replace it with an artificial IOL(Intra ocular lens). PCO happen when a film of tissue forms in the capsule behind the lens implant which decrease the clarity of vision. It is called PCO(posterior capsular opacification).

4. Why it is called PCO Because it is appears at the back of the lens capsule. And the capsule become thickened and opaque(less transparent). PCO can develop in both eyes if you had cataract surgery in both eye. But it may affect each at a different time.

5. Risk Factor Of PCO Age – younger individual are at higher risk. Other risk factor are – Conditions such as Diabetes Uveitis Retinal pigmentosaTraumatic cataract. .

6. Clinical Features of PCO In most of the cases of PCO a hazy membrane can form on the lens capsule as a result light cannot pass throw to the retina. This causes symptoms including – Decreased vision or blurred vision. Glare or halos around light. Reduce ability to focus.

7. Sign of PCO Patients present with decreased visual acuity. Clinical Type include- Elshing’s pearls- In which the vacuolated subcapsular epithelial cells are clustered like soap bubbles along the posterior capsule .

8. Soemmering rings – it refers to a thick ring of after cataract formed behind the iris , enclosed between the two layers of capsule Dense membrane .

9. Treatment of PCO PCO causes gradual vision impairment like an actual cataract. When it begins to affect your activities. You can have procedure called YAG LASAR CAPSULOTOMY to treat or restore or vision.

10. Procedure of CAPSULOTOMY It only takes few minutes and it is painless. Your eye will be dilated. After that your opthalmologist will point a special laser at the back of the lens capsule and make a small opening. Once your vision is clear after procedure you can do all your daily activities. If you have no other problems which affecting your vision sight shoud improve in about 24 hours.