POSTERIOR SEGMENT EXAMINATION OF EYE.pptx

for educating and training purose

1. POSTERIOR SEGMENT EXAMINATION OF EYE PRESENTED BY-DR PUJA KUMARI[1 ST YEAR PGT]

2. POST SEGMENT INCLUDES EXAMI. BEHIND LENS INCLUDES; vitreous,retina,choroid,optic disc FUNDAL EXAMINATION AND RETINAL EXAMINATION . RETINAL EXAMINATION INCLUDES- SUBJECTIVE EXAMINATION -V.A,VF,COLOUR VISION OBJECTIVE EXAMINATION -ERG,EOG

3. Fundus exam -macula lutea,optic disc[blind spot ] appearance-uniform red normally choroidal vessels invisible . optic disc -1.5mm, pale pink ,circular,regular,it’s a part wherea;ll other layer terminates except nfl c;d ratio-0.3 to0.5 vessel-central retinal artery and central retinal vein [it has 4 major branches arterioles,venules ,capillaries]. macula-5.5mm diameter ,2dd temporal to optic disc,yellow colour,deep pigmented. It has 4 zones foveola,fovea,parafovea,perifovea

4. Erg -changes induced by stimulation of light in rewsting potential of eye .it is extinguish in absent or complete failure in function of rod and cones EOG -CHANGE IN RESTING CURRENT WHEN EYES ARE MOVED LATERALLY;ABSENT IN RETINAL DYSTROPHY OR DEGENERATION

5. Age related macular degeneration –like dry or wet amd;hypertensive retinopathy This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-NC-ND This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY

6. Fundus examination -by ophthalmoscope do,io,ddo,GOLDMAN 3 mirror contact lens and hruby noncontact lens

7. Difference between io,do INDIRECT OPHTHALMOSCOPE – DONE IN DARK ROOM WITH +20,+30+14D in lying position held best at one arm distance periphery can be seen by scleral indentation. Image-real inverted [5times magnified] DIRECT OPHTHALMOSCOPE-as close to pt[sitting or lying] ,room semidark ,position of examiner-[rt eye,rt side,rt hand holding do viceversa for left] self illuminous direct the light upon well dilated pupil a uniform red reflex.initially set lens power @0[myopic minus,hypermetropic plus] and if examiner and pt both have refractive error then sum together their power.[ color -red for myopic,,green for hyperopia] Image-virtual erect magnified[ 15 times]

8. Papilloedema indicate –raise ict due to hydrocephalus,acute intracranial hamrge,iihtn This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-SA-NC

9. Proliferative retinopathy This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY

10. Indirect slit lamp biomicroscopy --+90d lens hand held image form real inverted with x or16x magnification

11. Ancilliary investigation –for structure not easily visible those include; Oct,usg bscan,computed axillary tomography,ffa

12. THANK YOU