Posterior triangle of neck

prepared for dentistry students

1. POSTERIOR TRIANGLE OF NECK BY PROF. DR. ANSARI CHAIRPERSON & PROF. ANATOMY RAKCODS 2/11/2013 1

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5. 2/11/2013 5 Upper pointer: Parotid gland Lower pointer: Parotid- masseteric fascia Cervical branch of facial nerve Mandibular marginal branch of facial nerve Anastomosis of cervical cutaneus nerve with facial nerve Platysma (reflected anteriorly) External jugular vein Cutaneus colli nerve Sternocleidomastoid muscle Anterior supraclavicular nerves Medial supraclavicular nerves Upper pointer: Clavicle (acromial end) Lower pointer: Deltoid muscle Great auricular nerve Prevertebral fascia Minor occipital nerve Borders of posterior cervical triangle Accessory nerve (XI) Trapezius muscle Posterior supraclavicular nerves Superficial cervical lymph glands Superficial lymphatic vessel passing through cervical fascia

6. THE EXTERNAL JUGULAR VEIN This vein is formed near the angle of the mandible by the union of the posterior branch of retro mandibular and posterior auricular veins . It crosses sternocleidomastoid muscle, runs over the roof of the triangle and joins the subclavian veins The vein drains most of the scalp and face on the same side. This vein dilates and becomes visible in fluid overload, in heart failure in SVC obstruction, prolonged raised intrathoracic pressure, etc.. The walls of the vein are attached to the deep fascia. If the vein is lacerated, the fascia pulls the vein open and bleeding is severe. Also, air embolism could follow. 2/11/2013 6

7. ARTERIES IN THE POST. TRIANGLE The subclavian artery (1)   Transverse cervical artery from the thyrocervical trunk to supply muscles in the scapular region. Suprascapular artery (6) from the thyrocervical trunk. Occipital artery , from the external carotid artery. 2/11/2013 7

8. NERVES IN THE TRIANGLE Spinal accessory nerve to the sternocleidomastoid muscle and the trapezius muscle. Cervical plexus and its cutaneous branches from up downwards. Lesser occipital nerve (c2) Great auricular nerve (c2 c3) Transverse cervical nerve (c2 c3) Suprascapular nerves (c3c4) Supraclavicular part of the brachial plexus 2/11/2013 8

9. FLOOR OF TRIANGLE 1=SCALENUS ANT. 2=SCALENEUS MEDIUS 3=SCALENEUS POST. 2/11/2013 9

10. LYMPHATICS OF POST. TRIANGLE 2/11/2013 10

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12. REFERENCES http://www.nursing-lectures.com/2012/05/nursing-assessment-of-head-and-neck.html http://meded.ucsd.edu/clinicalmed/head.htm http://www.instantanatomy.net/diagrams/HN034.png 2/11/2013 12

13. Sample MCQS Which of the following muscles lies in the floor of posterior triangle of neck? A. Scaleneus anterior B. Scaleneus medius C. Sternomastoid D. Trapezius E. Sternohyoid 2/11/2013 13

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