Povidone in the pharmaceutical industry uses (PVP)

In this document, I pointed the most important points about the PVP (polyvinylpyrrolidone) uses the the industrial pharmacy and cosmetics.
Hope you enjoy it.

2. POVIDONE “EXCIPIENT, PHARMAC OLOGICALLY
INACTIVE”

PVP is used in the pharmaceutical industry as a
polymer with a hydrophobic alkyl backbone
and hydrophilic pendant group, which can be
envisaged to coil around the CNTs so that its
backbone is in a good contact with the surface
of CNTs and consequently pyrrolidone groups
are exposed to water.

Povidone is a hygroscopic, amorphous, synthetic
polymer consisting of linear 1-vinyl-2-pyrrolidinone groups.

 As a binder, PVP is used in the concentration range of 0.5%–5% w/w.
 Different degrees of polymerization of PVP resulted in polymers of various
molecular weights, it is generally characterized by its viscosity in aqueous
solution relative to that of water and expressed as a K value in the range
of 10–120.
 Povidones with K-values ≤ 30 are manufactured by spray drying as
spheres, whereas povidones with higher K-values are manufactured by
drum drying as plates
 It acts as a disintegrant and a blinder in tablets
 It appears as a white to off-white hygroscopic
powder in its pure form

3. Wet granulation with povidone K25/30/90
generally gives harder granules with better
flow properties than with other binders with
lower friability and higher binding strength.
Moreover, povidone also promotes the
dissolution of APIs.
o For example, the drug release was faster in paracetamol tablets with
4% povidone K90 compared to tablets with gelatin or hydroxypropyl
methylcellulose (HPMC) as binder.
It has been shown that PVP was more efficient than HPMC owing to the lower
work of cohesion and adhesion of HPMC. It could be further attributed to the
better adhesion of PVP, especially to hydrophilic surfaces.
Using PVP solution as granulating agent, it was observed
that the addition of MCC as an insoluble excipient to a
lactose-based formulation led to increase in solvent
requirement and produced larger granules
Povidone’s most common use is in the topical povidone-iodine
solution, where iodine is released as an antiseptic.
Povidone-iodine is often used to prevent surgical incision
infections
It has been also used as a blood volume expander
An antibacterial in dental procedures
Chlorhexidine-alcohol is also used topically as a pre-operative
surgical antiseptic and has been shown in one study to have slightly
better antimicrobial activity.

4. An Advantage of PVP among all the other advantages we
mentioned is its non-toxic stabilizing effect that is safe for the
environment.
In a recent study on BPH patients, who cannot perform a surgery due
to their age, medications or psychosocial conditions, laser PVP may
be a valid alternative in this subgroup of patients.

Povidone’s use in cosmetics|
It is found in many products and labelled as PVP, it is
one of the primary ingredients used in hairstyling products
to hold hair in place

When present in small amount in skin care products, it
places an imperceptible film over the skin that is
considered to be water-binding and that helps give the
appearance of the firmer skin

Immunological Side Effects|
Immediate allergic reactions to povidone are rare and often
overlooked as it is difficult to diagnose, that’s why it is considered to
be safe for the use by humans.

5. References used:
1. https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/agricultural-and-
biological-sciences/polyvinylpyrrolidone
2. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19140584/
3. https://www.drugbank.ca/drugs/DB11061
4. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19140584/
5. https://www.makingcosmetics.com/PVP_p_313.html