Power system operation corporation ltd (posoco)

This Presentation is about the "NORTHERN LOAD DISPATCH CENTER OF INDIA".
How it is managed?
how it is implemented?

1. Submitted to:- Power System Operation Corporation Ltd (POSOCO) Submitted by:- Dhruv Agarwal (12eeu014) Ashu Gautam ma’am

2. About The Company….. Power System Operation Corporation Ltd (POSOCO) is a wholly owned subsidiary of Power Grid Corporation of India Ltd. POSOCO operates the Five Regional Load Despatch Centres (RLDC) and the National Load Despatch Centre (NLDC). RLDCs are responsible for carrying out real time operations for grid control and despatch of electricity within the region through secure and economic operation of the regional grid in accordance with the Grid Standards and the Grid Code.

3. To ensure the integrated operations of the power system in northern region. Montoring of system parameters and system security. Daily scheduling and operational planning. Analysis of tripping/disturbances and facilitating immediate remidial measures. System studies,planning and contigncy analysis. Computation of energy despatch and drawl values using sems . Objective…

4. Outlook of nrldc controlling system….

5. The Indian power system is divided into five regions National Load Dispatch Centre (NLDC) Supervision over the RLDCs Scheduling and despatch of electricity over inter-regional links Coordination with RLDCs for the energy accounting of inter-regional exchange of power Co-ordination for trans-national exchange of Powers Regional Load Dispatch Centre (RLDC) Schedule day ahead by matching supply to demand from states State Load Dispatch Centre (SLDC) Serve as control areas balancing supply-demand within the state in real time Wholesale market effectively operates at the state level What I have learned??? Northern Western Southern Eastern North-Eastern Northern Western Southern Eastern North-Eastern

6. India National Grid – Hierarchy Regional Load Dispatch Centers Eastern National Load Dispatch Centre North Eastern Northern Western Southern States Central Sector Generation Units Power Traders State Network Regional Network Inter-Regional Network State Utilities /Independent power producers / Captive State Load Dispatch Centers State Generation Units

7. Current day to day information flow and dispatch mechanism Load curves SLDC 2 SLDC 1 RLDC Currently State Electricity Boards (SEBs) operate as SLDCs Load curves Central Generating Stations (CGS) State Generation Stations Inter-state open access Customers (Power Exchange/ Bilateral Contracts) CGS provide RLDC their availability one day in advance State generation units give their availability to SLDCs one day in advance SLDC compares load requirement with own generation and comes up with drawl requirement from central plants RLDC compares all drawl requirements with available generation, and determines drawl schedule for all SLDCs SLDCs/SEBs plan load shedding etc., plants dispatched on merit order basis (purely variable cost) In case forced outages all drawl schedules gets reduced on pro-rate basis. Import/export to other regions Availability information Drawl schedules Drawl requirements Independent Power Producers

8. Layout – The NEW GRID

9. The power generating stations are hooked onto an interconnected network of transmission lines and substations. These generating stations supply electricity through these transmission lines. The companies responsible for distribution take the power coming through these lines and forward it to the consumers. Electric grid

10. TIME LINE OF SCHEDULE       By 09.00 hrs.   ISGSs shall advise NRLDC the Station-wise MW and MWh     capabilities       By 10.00 Hrs.   NRLDC shall advise the States / Beneficiaries the Station wise MW     & MWh entitlements.       By 1500 hrs.   SLDCs/ Beneficiaries shall communicate the Station-wise     requisitions and details of bilateral exchanges to NRLDC.       By 1800 hrs.   NRLDC shall convey the ex-power plant despatch schedule to each     ISGS and net drawal schedule to each State / Beneficiary. The     details of unrequisitioned surpluses shall also be intimated.       By 2200 hrs.*   ISGSs / States / Beneficiaries shall inform the modifications, if any,     for incorporating in the final schedule       By 2300 hrs.   NRLDC shall issue the final despatch and drawal schedule.       SCHEDULING PROCEDURE

11. Demand: High electricity demand with average growth rate of ~7% over last five years

12. Supply: Consistent failure to add enough new capacity through last 3 five year plans – major cause of increasing deficits

13. Grids collapse due to two basic reasons: One is the failure of the equipment, like it happened a decade ago in 2002 when the northern grid collapsed The second trigger is power suppliers drawing excessive power from the grid which results in the balance of power generation and supply goes haywire with a cascading effect There are various reasons why an excessive withdrawal of power happens: Weather phenomenon and change in sudden climate is one reason Unreliable demand forecasting, etc. Northern states of India, like Uttar Pradesh, Punjab, Haryana and Jammu Kashmir, have been found to be habitual violators Presence of heavy industries and fast growing cities has necessitated the need for more power. But the production has not been able to cope up with the required distribution. Reasons of a grid collapse

14. Blackout - Affected Regions (30 & 31 st July)

15. The July 2012 India blackout was the largest power outage in India, occurring as two separate events on 30 and 31 July 2012. The outage affected over 620 million people, about 9% of the world population. An estimated 32 giga watts of generating capacity was taken offline in the outage . The Black out happened exactly at time – 2.33am . This affected 8 states and 1 U.T (Rajasthan, Haryana, New Delhi, J&K, Punjab, U.P, Himachal Pradesh, Uttrakhand and Chandigarh BLACKOUT-JULY(30 TH AND 31 ST )

16. Restoration – from Eastern Region

17. Restoration – from Western Region