ppa 47 suz library Citation_Style1,pptx

library

1. Library Management of Academic Information Unit 6B: APA Citation Style Presenter: Mr. A.S. Ndhlovu [phone] Email: [email protected]

2. Presentation Overview Learning Objectives Understand the APA citation style Learning outcomes Cite appropriately using APA citations style

3. Structure of the unit APA citation format In- text citation Reference list Activity

4. APA 7th edition citation style American Psycological Association citation style Refers to the rules and conventions established by the American Psycological Association for scholarly writing and acknowledging sources used in an assignment. APA Style covers the aspects of scholarly writing most pertinent to writing in behavioural and social sciences, education, nursing, business, communications, engineering, and related fields ( American Psycological Association[APA], 2021)

5. AP A elements It consists of two elements : in-text citations in the body of the paper a reference list at the end of the paper giving full bibliographic details for the in-text citations .

6. In-text citation In-text citations usually require the last name of the author(s) and the year of publication. In-text citation has two aspects: Parenthetical and Narrative Parenthetical in-text citation Narrative text citation Both author and date in parenthesis Use a comma before the year Author goes in the narrative date follows in the parenthesis example: ( Zinyama , 2021) example: Zinyama (2021)

7. In-text citation - using quotations Do not use quotations as stand alone sentences Include the page were you found the quote Parenthetical in-text citation Narrative text citation introduced with a colon (and the first word after colon capitalised) introduced with a comma: example: The results are clear: “Quotation’’. ( Zinyama , 2021, p.30) example: Zinyama (2021) stated, “ real estate...”(p.30).

8. Number of authors determines in-text citation Author Type Parenthetical citation Narrative citation 1 author (Wekwete, 2020) Wekwete (2020) 2 authors (Moyo & Mhloyi, 2017) Moyo and Mhloyi (2017) 3 or more authors ( Masunda , et al., 2019) Masunda et al. (2019) Organisations first citation: second and there after.. (Council of Social Workers [ CSW], 2021) (CSW,2021) Council of Social Workers [ CSW], (2021) CSW (2021)

9. Referencing A reference list records only the sources you have used in your writing or academic work. All the sources you have used in your work must appear in the reference list. The purpose of the reference list is to allow your sources to be be found by your reader. It also gives credit to authors you have consulted for their ideas.

10. Elements of a reference list entry The four elements of a reference list entry are derived from the purpose of the entry. Purpose Elements Element example Who author Mizha, S When date 2019 What title Professional caregivers: Stress and coping in the face of loss and trauma Where source Indo-Pacific Journal of Phenomenology, 19(2) , 81-90. Doi: 10.1080/ 20797222.2019.1692989

11. Referencing a book chapter in an edited book When citing a particular chapter from a book containing texts by various authors , begin the citation with the author of the chapter and mention the book’s editor(s) later in the reference. A page range identifies the chapter’s location in the book.

12. Format of citing a book chapter

13. Example of a chapter in an edited book Chirisa, I., Mavhima, B., & Nyevera, T. (2020). Public health and political economy of development in Africa. In S. Oloruntoba & T. Falola (Eds.), The Palgrave handbook of African political economy (pp. 833–849). Palgrave Macmillan.

14. Format of citing a book

15. Example of a ebook citation Kaufman, K. A., Glass, C. R., & Pineau, T. R. (2018). Mindful sport performance enhancement: Mental training for athletes and coaches. American Psychological Association. https://doi.org/10.1037/0000048-000 * A citation of an ebook includes the DOI where available. If there is no DOI, link to the page where you viewed the book, or where the ebook can be purchased or accessed

16. Format of citing an edited book Use cite the last name and initials of editor(s) use & for multiple editors. for one editor use (Ed.) for more than one editor use (Eds.). (copyright Year).   Title of book - italicise d. Publisher. Example: Zhou, G., & Nhema, A. G. (Eds.). (2017). Evolving issues in public administration and governance in Zimbabwe . University of Zimbabwe Publications.

17. Format of citing a journal

18. Example of a journal citation Mutswanga, P. & Chataika, T. (2016). An Analysis of personal experiences of deaf people on higher education in Zimbabwe. Zimbabwe Journal of Educational Research , 28 (2), 124-145. ejournal citation example Lachner, A., Backfisch, I., Hoogerheide, V., van Gog, T., & Renkl, A. (2020). Timing matters! Explaining between study phases enhances students’ learning. Journal of Educational Psychology , 112 (4), 841–853. https://doi.org/10.1037/edu0000396

19. Website citation format APA website citations usually include the author, the copyright date, the title of the page or article, the website name, and the URL. If there is no author, start the citation with the title of the article. If the page is likely to change over time, add a retrieval date. Example: Slat, B. (2019, April 10). Whales likely impacted by Great Pacific garbage patch . The Ocean Cleanup. https://www.theoceancleanup.com/updates/whales-likely-impacted-by-great-pacific-garbage-patch/

20. Conference paper citation format To cite a paper that has been presented at a conference but not published, include the author’s name, the date of the conference, the title of the paper (italicized), “Paper presentation” in square brackets, the name and location of the conference, and a URL or DOI if available. Example: Muparamoto , N. (2018, September) . Unwanted citizens: Experiences of the LGBTI community in Harare. [ Paper presentation]. The 42nd World Congress of the International Institute of Sociology (IIS), University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.

21. Dissertaion (unpublished) citation format Author last name, Initials. (copyright year). Dissertation title [Type of dissertation/thesis, University Name]. Example: Ruv а r о, T. (2017). А n inst і tut іо n а l ass е ssm е nt of w а t е rsh е d m а n а g е m е nt syst е ms А s А str а t е gy of impr о v і ng c о mmun і ty r е s і l іе nc е: А c а s е of th е S а v е L о w V е ld W а t е rsh е d, Ch і p і ng е D і str і ct. [Unpublished master's thesis, University of Zimbabwe].

22. Citing of Artificial Intelligence ( AI) Sources AI ( ChatGPT , DALLE-2, CoPilot , and Google Bard) should be cited like any other source APA suggests citing AI by crediting the company that built the AI. You put a full citation with the AI name, date accessed, and other information in the reference list Example OpenAI . (2023) . GPT-3: Language models are few-shot learners. https://arxiv.org/abs/2005.14165 for in-text parenthetical citations, you use the company name and year accessed (Company, Year) ( OpenAI , 2023)

23. Basic rules to follow when creating a reference list Begin your reference list on a new page The word References should be centered and bold at the top of the page Double-space your reference list For each author, list the last name first followed by the initials for their first and middle names Arrange your reference list alphabetically by the last name of the author Use a hanging indent after the first line of your citation

24. Example of a reference list Reference List Chirisa, I., Mavhima, B., & Nyevera, T. (2020). Public health and political economy of development in Africa. In S. Oloruntoba & T. Falola (Eds.), The Palgrave handbook of African political economy (pp. 833–849). Palgrave Macmillan. Kaufman, K. A., Glass, C. R., & Pineau, T. R. (2018). Mindful sport performance enhancement: Mental training for athletes and coaches. American Psychological Association. https://doi.org/10.1037/0000048-000 Muparamoto, N. (2018, September). Unwanted citizens: Experiences of the LGBTI community in Harare. [ Paper presentation]. The 42nd World Congress of the International Institute of Sociology (IIS), University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa. Slat, B. (2019, April 10). Whales likely impacted by Great Pacific garbage patch . The Ocean Cleanup. https://www.theoceancleanup.com/updates/whales-likely-impacted-by-great-pacific-garbage-patch/ Zeleke, W. A., Hughes, T. L., & Drozda, N. (2020). Home–school collaboration to promote mind–body health. In C. Maykel & M. A. Bray (Eds.), Applying psychology in the schools. Promoting mind–bodyhealth in schools: Interventions for mental health professionals (pp. 11–26). American Psychological Association. https://doi.org/10.1037/0000157-002

25. Reference management software and referencing While it is possible to cite and develop a reference list manually, reference management Software offers students many advantages that make the process of citing and referencing much easier. The following unit will look at how to use a reference manager to cite your work.

26. Online YouTube video of Mendeley https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OzFHGFnAM2Q

27. Unit Requirements and Duration There will be an assignment , quiz and a online discussion at the end of the Unit The assignment will be written over 2 weeks The quiz will be uploaded on the LMS system

28. Activit ies Congratulations for going through the Unit on Referencing and Citation You are now expected to finish the Unit by doing the following: Read the other sources provided in the Unit Package. Participate in online discussion. Carry out practical activities outlined in the following slides

29. Activity 1 With 5 relevant examples based on the APA 7th edition citation style, demonstrate how you incorporate the following in the body of your work: paranthesis in-text citation narrative in-text citation quotations

30. Activity 2 Create a reference list of 1 scholarly resources you can use to prepare a Conference paper titled “Strategies for Preventing Plagiarism among social and behavioural post graduate students in tertiary education” . Use the APA 7th edition citation style.