PPT (125) - Population Census population population .pdf

Population

1. Population Census

By Dr Vipan Goyal

2. < vipangoyal13

Vipan Goyal Dr Vipan Goyal
GENERAL STUDIES TEACHER, Study IQ GS faculty @ study Iq
Education Telegram link : t.me/DrVipanGoyal

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3. SUD)

* 1872: Lord Mayo conducted Census for the first time in India.

* 1881: Lord Ripon started census every decade. (conducted after every 10
years)

* Census Act 1948 under Home Ministry

* Data conducted by Registrar General and Census Commissioner

* 2011= 7th Census of Free India.

4. =
STUD

* 1) Stagnant Population (1901-1921) where Birth rate is High and Death
rate is also High.

= In Census 1921 our population had declined (-0.31%) compared to
1911, due to WW1, Drought, Epidemics, Spanish flu influenza.

= This happened only once throughout the demographic history of India,
so 1921 is called the year of great divide.

* 2) Steady Growth (1921-1951) where Birth rate is High and Death rate is
Medium.

= Called ‘Mortality induced growth’ because death rate had declined

Demographic transition > Census perspective

5. A) Demographic transition > Census perspective

* 3) Rapid High Growth (1951-1981) where Birth rate is High and Death rate
is Low.
= Agriculture revolution, medical research, life expectancy increased.
= Result is population explosion / ‘Fertility induced growth’

» 4) High Growth with Definite Signs of Slowing Down (1981-2011) where
Birth rate is Medium to low and Death rate is Lower.

6. A) Malthusian Theory of Population Growth

* A British scholar Thomas Robert Malthus (1798) noted,

= Food production increases in arithmetic progression (1,3,5,7) while
population increases in geometric progression (sequence 2, 6, 18, 54
with a common multiple of 3).

= Therefore, Nature itself tries to establish equilibrium between
population vs food supply, using ‘Positive Checks such as famine,
epidemics, earthquake.

= Malthus also advised humans to initiate ‘Preventative Checks to
control population growth e.g. family planning, late marriages, and
celibacy.

7. su ) DEMOGRAPHIC INDICATORS

SA

+ Population density: Number of people per square kilometer.
= -|t was 382 in 2011
+ Decadal pop. growth rate

" lt is the Population in (Latest Census2011 - Last
Census2001/Last Census2001.

= -It was 17.7% in 2011
+ Birth Rate - Number of live births per 1000 population.
= - It's 20 in 2016

8. A) DEMOGRAPHIC INDICATORS

+ Death Rate - Number of live deaths per 1000 population.
= - It's "6 in 2016
+ Population’s Growth Rate
= It is the difference between the birth rate and the death rate.
= If it’s a positive figure then country is witnessing a rate of
natural increase in population.
= When it’s close to zero then population is said to be ‘stabilized’
or has reached the ‘replacement level’.

9. A) DEMOGRAPHIC INDICATORS

+ Fertility Rate
= number of live births per 1000 women in the child-bearing age group
(15 to 49 years).
* Total Fertility Rate
= Total number of children born or likely to be born to a woman in her
life time if she were subject to the prevailing rate of age-
specific fertility in the population.
= TFR of about 2.1 children per woman is called Replacement-
level fertility
= IMR: Infant Mortality Rate = number infant deaths under the age of 1
year per 1000 live births. It’s ~34/1000 in 2016

10. su ) DEMOGRAPHIC INDICATORS

+ CMR: Child Mortality Rate = number child deaths under the age of
5 years per 1000 live births. It’s ~50 in 2016.

+ MMR: Maternal Mortality Ratio = number of women who die in
childbirth per 1 lakh live births. It’s ~130 in 2016..

+ Life Expectancy

= Estimated number of years that an average person is expected
to survive. Indian Females (70), Males (67)

11. SUD)

+ Sex Ratio - Sex Ratio = number of females per 1000 males.

+ 2011 census, it is 943.

* Child Sex Ratio = girls (0-6 years) per 1000 boys in that age group.
= All India declined from 927 (2001) > 919 (2011).

12. su ) DEMOGRAPHIC INDICATORS

+ Dependency Ratio (%) = (population below 15 or above 64) divided
by population in the 15-64 age group.
= Demographic dividend = phenomenon when dependency ratio
of a country declines, and it witnesses larger proportion of
people in the working age compared to dependency age.

13. Key facts

Census 2011 were released in New Delhi on 31st March 2011 by
Union Home Secretary GK Pillai and RGI C Chandramouli.

Census 2011 was the 15th census of india & 7th census after
Independece

The motto of census 2011 was “Our Census, Our future”.

Total estimated cost of the Census was INR 2200 crore (US$350
million).
First census in 1872.

14. Key facts

Present Registrar General & Census Commissioner — C.Chandra
Mouli

Total Population — 1,210,569,573 (1.21 Billion)

India in 2nd rank in population with 17.64%. decadal growth &
China is 1st rank with decadal growth 19% (over 1.35 billion)

World Population is 7 Billions
Increase in population during 2001 — 2011 is 181 Million

15. oan) Population

Total
Population:

Males: 623.7

Million
(51.54%)

1210.19
Million

16. sv 0)

nun SI FB

Population

Uttar Pradesh
Maharashtra
Bihar
West Bengal
Andhra Pradesh

19,98,12,341
11,23,74,333
10,40,99,452
9,12,76,115
8,45,80,777

17. sv 0)

nun SI FB

Population

Lakshadweep
Daman and Diu
Dadra and Nagar Haveli
Andaman and Nicobar Islands

Sikkim

64,473
2,43,247
3,43,709
3,80,581
6,10,577

18. sn 0 )

Highest Populous UT

Least Populous UT

Highest Populous state

Least populous state

Highest urban Population in india (state& UT)
Lowest urban Population in india (state& UT)
Highest Rular Population in india (state& UT)

Lowest Rular Population in india (state& UT)

Population Highlight

Delhi

Lakshadweep

Uttar Pradesh

Sikkim

Maharashtra — 4,11,00,980
Lakshadweep — 26,967

Uttar Pradesh — 13,16,58,339
Lakshadweep — 33,683

19. Sex ratio in India

Highest sex ratio in state

Lowest sex ratio in state

Highest sex ratio in UT

Lowest sex ratio in UT

Child (0-6 years) sex ratio

Highest child (0-6) sex ratio in state

Lowest child (0-6) sex ratio in state

943

Kerala (1084)
Haryana (879)
Pondicherry (1037)
Daman and Diu (618)
914

Mizoram (971)
Haryana (830)

20. Total Person Literacy Rate

Males

Females

Highest Literacy Rate in State
Lowest Literacy Rate in State
Hightest Literacy Rate in UT

Lowest Literacy Rate in UT

74%

82.14%

65.46%

Kerala (94%)

Bihar (61.8%)

Lakshadweep (91%)

Dadra and Nagar Haveli (76.24%)

21. Minorities > Census-2011

+ Out of total population: Hindu (79.8%) > Muslim(14.2%) >
Christian(2.3%) > Sikh (1.7%) > Buddhist (0.7%) > Jain(0.4%) > Parsis
(0.06%) > others (0.72%)

+ Decadal population growth rate of religious groups (2001-2011):
Hindus: 16.8%; Muslim: 24.6%; Christian: 15.5%; Sikh: 8.4%;
Buddhist: 6.1% and Jain: 5.4%.

+ % Jains out of total state population: Maharashtra (1.3%) >
Rajasthan (1.2%) > Delhi (1.1%) > Gujrat (1.0%). Elsewhere in the
country their proportion in negligible.

22. Where Non-hindus are Majority
+ Muslims: J&K & Lakshadweep
+ Sikhs: Punjab

+ Buddhists: Sikkim

Where Hindus are Minority

+ Lakshadweep, Mizoram, Nagaland, Meghalaya, J&K, Arunachal,
Manipur and Punjab

23. SUD)

* Achieving TFR= 2.1 (Replacement level) by 2010. (Although now shifted to
2025)

* Achieve stable population by 2045 i.e. India’s population growth rate and
age pyramid composition should remain stable.

+ Recommended that Lok Sabha and the Rajya Sabha seats be freezed based
on the 1971 Census, until 2026.

24. < vipangoyal13

Vipan Goyal Dr Vipan Goyal
GENERAL STUDIES TEACHER, Study IQ GS faculty @ study Iq
Education Telegram link : t.me/DrVipanGoyal

Fi https://www.facebook.com/
(©) https://www.instagram.com/

| @gmail.com

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25. Thank You