ppt cyber crimes it act, indian penal code

cyber

1. CYBER CRIMES BY Divya tamrakar

2. INTRODUCTION BRIEF HISTORY IMPORTANCE OBJECTIVES OF IT ACT TYPES CYBER CRIMES UNDER IPC LANDMARK CASES CONCLUSION 2 CONTENTS

3. INTRODUCTION WHAT ARE CYBER CRIMES? Cybercrime in a broader sense means any illegal behaviour using or in relation to a computer system or network including such crimes as illegal possession and offering or distributing information using a computer system. WHAT IS CYBERSPACE? Cyberspace refers to the virtual computer world, and more specifically, an electronic medium that is used to facilitate online communication.

4. B rief History Cybercrime first started with hackers trying to break into computer networks. Some did it just for the thrill of accessing high-level security networks, but others sought to gain sensitive, classified material. Eventually , criminals started to infect computer systems with computer viruses, which led to breakdowns on personal and business computers. With the advent of computers in the late 1960s, crimes were mostly related to physical damage to computer networks and telephone networks. 4

5. addressing cyber crimes in India Protection of Personal Information Economic Impact National Security Public Trust and Confidence Safeguarding Intellectual Property Preserving Privacy and Freedom of Expression International Cooperation The importance 5

6. The Information Technology Act, 2000 objectives 6 Providing Legal Recognition to Electronic Transactions Facilitating E-Governance Promoting E-Commerce Protecting Personal Data and Privacy Establishing Cybercrime Provisions

7. Specifically, the IT Act addresses cyber crimes through various sections including : Hacking (Section 66): Unauthorized access to computer systems or networks with the intention to gain unauthorized control, extract information, or disrupt the system's functioning . Cyberstalking and Harassment (Section 66A): The persistent and unwanted online pursuit, monitoring, or harassment of an individual, causing them fear or emotional distress. (held unconstitutional in the case of Shreya Singhal V. UOI ) Identity Theft (Section 66C): The fraudulent acquisition and use of someone else's personal information, such as their name, social security number, or financial details, without their consent. Online Fraud (Section 66D): The act of deceiving individuals or entities through fraudulent means, such as phishing, credit card fraud, or investment scams, conducted using computer resources .

8. Specifically, the IT Act addresses cyber crimes through various sections (CONTINUED ) Dissemination of Obscene Material (Section 67): Publishing, transmitting, or displaying sexually explicit or obscene content using computer resources, which may be offensive, harmful, or indecent. Publication or Transmission of Sexually Explicit Material (Section 67A ): The publication, transmission, or circulation of sexually explicit content involving a minor, which includes images, videos, or any form of material that exploits children. Publication or Transmission of Child Pornography (Section 67B ): Creation, publication, transmission, or possession of child pornography, including explicit images or videos involving minors . Cyber Terrorism (Section 66F): Any act that threatens the sovereignty, integrity, or security of India through the use of computer resources, including accessing or damaging crucial information systems or causing disruption.

9. Specifically, the IT Act addresses cyber crimes through various sections (CONTINUED) Data Theft (Section 43): Unauthorized access to, extraction, copying, or downloading of data from a computer system, network, or any digital storage medium . Phishing and Online Scams : Deceptive techniques employed to trick individuals into revealing their sensitive personal information, such as passwords, credit card details, or bank account information, often through fraudulent emails or websites. Cyberbullying : The use of electronic communication platforms to harass, intimidate, or humiliate individuals, often through offensive messages, rumors, or sharing private information without consent. Online Defamation : Making false statements or spreading damaging information about individuals or entities through online platforms, which may harm their reputation.

10. Landmark cases on cybercrime 10 State of Tamil Nadu v. Suhas Katti (2004) : This case highlighted the issue of cyberstalking and online harassment. The accused had been relentlessly sending abusive and threatening emails to the victim. The court held the accused guilty under Sections 66A and 67 of the Information Technology Act, recognizing the gravity of cyber harassment . Avinash Bajaj v. State of NCT Delhi (2005) : Avinash Bajaj, the CEO of Bazee.com (an online auction website), was arrested after an objectionable video clip of two students engaged in sexual activity was listed for sale on the platform. The case garnered significant attention as it involved the responsibility of intermediaries for user-generated content on online platforms. Ultimately, Avinash Bajaj was acquitted by the court, which recognized that he was not directly involved in the listing of the objectionable content and that his company had taken appropriate measures to address the issue upon notification . Ajoy Kumar Ghose v. State of Jharkhand (2011 ): This case involved unauthorized access to computer resources and hacking. The accused was found guilty under Sections 65 and 66 of the Information Technology Act. The judgment highlighted the importance of protecting computer systems and networks from unauthorized access and emphasized the need for stringent punishment for cyber offenders.

11. Landmark cases on cybercrime 11 Shreya Singhal v. Union of India (2015): This case challenged the constitutionality of Section 66A of the Information Technology Act, which dealt with the punishment for sending offensive or menacing messages online. The Supreme Court of India declared Section 66A unconstitutional, stating that it violated the right to freedom of speech and expression guaranteed by the Indian Constitution. State of Maharashtra v. Vijay Misra (2015): In this case, the Bombay High Court dealt with the issue of cyber defamation. The court held that posting defamatory content online can lead to criminal liability under the Indian Penal Code. Shri Ravi Krishnan Kalantri v. State of Maharashtra (2017): This case involved a phishing scam where the accused impersonated a bank official and obtained confidential banking details from victims. The court held the accused guilty under Sections 66C and 66D of the Information Technology Act, emphasizing the seriousness of identity theft and online fraud.

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13. Cyber Crimes 13 Section 292: The purpose of this section was to address the sale of obscene materials, however, in this digital age, it has evolved to deal with various cyber crimes. Section 354C :  Voyeurism is defined as taking or publishing pictures of private parts or actions of a woman without her consent . Section 354D : Stalking, including physical and cyberstalking, is described and punished in this section. Section 379: The punishment involved under this section, for theft, can be up to three years in addition to the fine. The IPC Section comes into play in part because many cyber crimes involve hijacked electronic devices, stolen data, or stolen computers. Under IPC

14. Cyber crimes Under IPC 14 Section 420: This section talks about cheating and dishonestly inducing the delivery of property. In this section of the IPC, crimes related to password theft for fraud or the creation of fraudulent websites are involved . Section 465: This provision typically deals with the punishment for forgery. Under this section, offences such as the spoofing of email and the preparation of false documents in cyberspace are dealt with and punished with imprisonment ranging up to two years, or both.