PPt Ex Post Facto for educational method research

ppt

3. •
•
•
See:Kerlinger(1964),Landman(1988:62),(Ary,Jacobs,
&Razavieh,1972).

4. •
•
•
•
CHARACTERISTICS OF EX
POST FACTO RESEARCH
See: Lord (1973), Sukhia, S., Mehrotra, P. V., & Mehrotra, R. N. (1966).

5. •
•
•
ESSENTIALS/ REQUISITES FOR CONCLUDING
CAUSAL RELATIONSHIPS
See: Campbell, D. T. (1957).

6. •
•
•
•
•
•
See: Isaac and Michael (1971), Jacobs et al. (1992: 81).

7. •
•
•
STRENGTH OF EX POST FACTO
RESEARCH
See: Kerlinger (1964), Cohen, L., Manion, L., & Morrison, K. (2018),
Creswell, J. W. (2014).

8. •
•
•
WEAKNESS OF EX POST FACTO
RESEARCH
See: Kerlinger (1964), Campbell & Stanley (1963), Cook &
Campbell (1979).

9. •
•
•
•
See: Lord (1973)

10. CONCLUSION

11. SUGGESTED READINGS AND REFERENCES
•Cohen, L., Manion, L., & Morrison, K. (2018). Research methods in education (8th ed.). Routledge.
•Cook, T. D., & Campbell, D. T. (1979). Quasi-experimentation: Design & analysis issues for field settings.
Houghton Mifflin.
•Creswell, J. W. (2014). Research design: Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches (4th ed.).
SAGE Publications.
•Campbell, D. T. (1957). Factors relevant to the validity of experiments in social settings. Psychological
Bulletin, 54(4), 297-312.
•Campbell, D. T., & Stanley, J. C. (1963). Experimental and quasi-experimental designs for research.
Houghton Mifflin Company.
•Isaac, S. (1971). Handbook in research and evaluation: A collection of principles, methods, and strategies
useful in the planning, design, and evaluation of studies in education and the behavioral sciences ([1st ed.]).
R.R. Knaop.
•Jacobs, C. D., Haasbroek, J. B., & Theron, S. W. (1992). Effective research: A research manual for tertiary
education institutions. Humanities component. Pretoria: University of Pretoria.
•Kerlinger, F. N. (1998). Foundations of behavioral research (fourth reprint). Surjeet Publications.
•Landman, W. A. (1988). Basic concepts in research methodology (1ste uitg). Serva-Uitgewers.
•Myers, Anne, & Hansen, Christine. (2006). Experimental Psychology. Thomson Wadsworth: Belmont, CA.
•Singh, A. K. (2002). Tests, Measurements and Research Methods in Behavioral Sciences (reprint). Bharati
Bhavan publishers and distributors.
•Sukhia, S., Mehrotra, P. V., & Mehrotra, R. N. (1966). Elements of educational research. Allied Publishers.