PPT on extraction methods , new technique and its application

PPT on extraction methods , new technique and its application

1. Microwave Assisted Extraction (MAE) Microwave assisted extraction is a noval technology ,which has been studied extensively in recent years Mainly to reduce extraction time and solvent consumption. This new technology involves lower energy consumption, higher extraction yield and less production of wastage which result in a more economically favorable extraction procedure. It has been well documented that microwave treatment of oilseeds during solvent extraction leads to the protein denaturation of cell resulting in improved extraction

2. Microwave Assisted Extraction Process of Vegetables oil P enetration of the solvent in the solid matrix. Solubilization and breakdown of components transport of the solute out of the solid matrix. Migration of the extracted solute from the external surface of the solid into the bulk solution. Movement of the extract with respect to the solid. Separation and discharge of extract and solid.

3. EXTRACTION PRINCIPLE The MAE process is as follows : Microwave radiation Moisture get heated up Moisture evaporates Generation of tremendous pressure on cell wall Swelling of plant cell Rupture of the cell Leaching out of phytoconstituents This phenomenon can be intensified if the plant matrix is impregnated with solvents with higher heating efficiency under microwave.

4. Factors affecting MAE Solvent – The choice of the solvent will be based on the solubility of the wanted analyte, the solvent matrix interaction and the property of the solvent to absorb microwaves. Microwave power – Optimized to minimise extraction time and prevent thermal deterioration due to excessive heating. Extraction time – The amount of analyte extracted can be improved with an increase in the extraction time. however, there is an associated risk of degradation of thermolabile components.

5. Components of instruments used for MAE Magnetron/microwave generator – Generates microwave. Wave guide – Directs the waves from source to cavity. Applicator – Samples holder and samples are placed here. Circulator – Regulates the movements of microwave in forward direction.

6. Microwave Assisted Extraction Process of Vegetables oil P enetration of the solvent in the solid matrix. Solubilization and breakdown of components transport of the solute out of the solid matrix. Migration of the extracted solute from the external surface of the solid into the bulk solution. Movement of the extract with respect to the solid. Separation and discharge of extract and solid.

7. 1. Closed vessel system : The extraction are carried out in a sealed vessel under uniform microwave heating. High working pressure and temperature of the system allow fast and efficient extraction .The pressure inside is such that it does not exceed the working pressure of the vessel while the temperature can be regulated above the normal boiling point of the extraction solvent . 2.Open Vessel System : Open system operates at atmospheric condition and only part of the vessel is directly exposed to the propagation of microwave radiation . The upper part of the vessel is connected to a reflux unit ton condense any vaporized solvent. TYPES OF MICROWAVE ASSISTANT EXTRACTION

8. TYPES OF MICROWAVE-ASSISTED EXTRA TYPES OF MICROWAVE ASSISTANT EXTRACTION

9. ADVANTAGES OF CLOSED VESSEL SYSTEM Less extraction time No loss of volatile substances Less solvent is required because no evaporation occurs No hazardous fumes emitted since it is a closed vessel DISADVANTAGES OF CLOSED VESSEL SYSTEM High pressure pose safety risks. MoC of vessel restricts high solution temperature . Addition of reagents is impossible . Vessel must be cooled down before it can be opened to prevent loss of volatile constituents.

10. ADVANTAGES OF OPEN VESSEL SYSTEM Increased safety. Addition of reagent is possible. Vessel made of various materials can be used. Excess solvent can be removed easily. Low cost of equipment. Suitable for thermolabile products. DISADVANTAGES OF OPEN VESSEL SYSTEM The ensuring method are less precise than in close vessel system The sample throughput is lower as open system cannot process many samples simultaneously Require longer time to achieve same results as for closed system

11. Nitrogen Protected Microwave Assisted Extraction Vaccum Microwave Assisted Extraction Focussed Microwave Soxhlet Assisted Extraction Ultrasonic Microwave Assisted Extraction Microwave Hydro-Distillation Microwave Steam Distribution APPLICATION OF MAE