ppt wildlife( bears, martens, civets, Hyaenas).pptx

This ppt is about mammals...... Relates to subject wildlife of B. S zoology and Msc zoology.
I made this presentation using jungle theme and colors so it xan grab the attention of students. Lets discuss
distribution, status, physical
characters, habitat and ecology of wild animals.

1. MAMMALS OF PAKISTAN

2. Presented to: Ma'am Roheela Yasmeen Presented by: Farah Ahmad (002 ) Class: M.Phil. Zoology-II Subject: Advances in Wildlife

3. Mammals

4. BEARS

5. BEARS Physical Characters: Heavily built Animals with large rounded heads, protrusible lips, short tail; short rounded ears; plantigrade feet; digits armed with long non-retractile claws; cheek teeth being tuberculate and carnassials (i.e. flesh Shearing teeth); sense of smell very acute.

6. BEARS Diet: Chiefly Vegetarian in diet; feed mostly on fruits; honey and ants; sucks up ants from their hills; occasionally kill sheeps and goats; usually comes out at night. Breeding: Breeds once an year, usually have two cubs in litter Life span: Average 25 years

7. Two species found in Pakistan Red or brown bear: (Ursus arctos ) Bhora Reech Black bear: ( Selenarctos tibetanus) Kala Reech

8. RED or Brown Bear Physical appearance: Body Is covered with dense reddish Brown fur. It is comparatively larger in size than black bear. Distribution: The red or brown bear is restricted to alpine meadows and subalpine scrub forests of Chitral, Gilgit-Baltistan and Hazara District. Population is very sparse. Conservation status: Least concern (IUCN)

9. Black Bear Physical Appearance: The black Bear has dense shiny black fur. There is a pronounced V-shaped mark of white color on Chest. Upper lip usually white, cheek with bushy hair (as long as 14 cm) Distribution: Climbs freely over trees in order to forage and undergoes hibernation during winter besides foothills of Himalayan range in Chitral, Azad kashmir, Dir, Swat and Hilly ranges of Sindh and Baluchistan . Conservation status : Vulnerable (IUCN)

10. MARTENS

11. These animals belong to family mustelidae Conservation status: Least concern Physical Appearance: Though varying widely in coloring of fur, size and general shape, these animals have long cylindrical bodies with relatively short powerful limbs; Ears large, pointed and set wide apart and tail being bushy and thick. Unlike dogs, the 1 st digit on the foot is well developed; claws non-retractile; can climb trees swiftly; and are extremely agile in persuit of their prey. MARTENS

12. Habitat: Martens are small carnivorous animals that live in wild rocky region and are adapted to arboreal life. Two species common to Pakistan are: Yellow throated marten, Martes flavigula. Stone marten, Martes foina MARTENS

13. Physical appearance: It is considerably larger in size than stone marten; the whole of chest, throat and lower jaw yellowish in colour; general body colour is silvery; tail is longer; rhinarium is naked and black . Diet: partly frugivorous and insectivorous and will kill and eat any small bird or mammal and mostly hunted for their beautiful fur. Distribution: It is found in Chitral, Azad Kashmir and Margala Hills.

14. Physical Appearance: It has a dense fur coat of rich liver chestnut hue; rhinarium is naked and pinkish brown; two roughly parallel creamy white line extending from chin to upper throat. Diet: preys upon birds and rabbits. Distribution: found throughout mountain ranges of Baluchistan and Northern areas .

15. CIVET CATS

16. Local name: Kesturi billa, Mushk billa Physical Appearance: Civets are related to cats but are distinguished by their longer head and jaws, relatively short legs and bushy tail. Diet: Omnivorous. They live on small mammals, birds, lizards and feeds on fruits as well. CIVETS

17. Conservation status : Least concern Life span : 15 to 20 years (average) Most conspicuous feature: Civets are good climbers, nocturnal, They secrete from their anal gland, a greasy substance called ‘civet’ which is used in making perfumes. The civets use it for making territory .

18. Breeding: Breeding seems to occur once yearly. 2 to 5 kittens per litter Role in the habitat: Important part of food web. As a fruit eater, It helps to disperse seeds and contributes to regeneration of forests . The two species of civet that found in Pakistan are: Viverricula indica , the Indian civet. Paguma larvata, the palm civet.

19. Physical appearance: Indian Civet is an attractive animal; the general body color varies from sandy buff to greyish white with heavy black spots, legs are black, tail long, bushy and tapers to a point. Distribution: It is commonly found throughout riverine jungles and sand dune deserts of Punjab and Sindh. Indian Civet

20. Palm Civet Physical appearance: D iffers from Indian Civet in being without pattern of strips or spots on the body. It is much larger and heavier bodied animal. Distribution: This is a mountain species and frequently occurs in Chitral, Swat, Dir, Azad Kashmir, Murree Hills.

21. HYAENAS

22. Scientific name: Hyaena hyaena Local name: Lhagar Bhagar, Charag Conservation status: Near Threatened (IUCN) Life span: 12 years (average) Distribution: The only species found in Pakistan is Hyaena hyaena which is distributed in hilly tracks of Pakistan, being more common in Baluchistan and Sindh. Stripped Hyaena Spotted Hyeana Hyaenas

23. Hyaenas Physical Appearance: Hyaenas are large sized dog-like carnivores with big head; massive cheek teeth, carnassials well developed; long developed forelegs, and each foot has four toes with non-retractile claws. M ost conspicuous feature: Most conspicuous feature is a crest like ‘mane’ that extends from head to the root of tail. Body fur with yellowish fawn ground and indistinct broad vertical black strips, with close set black stripes on legs. Voice is almost human like. It can also imitate cries of other animals by which means dogs, calves and sheeps are deceived.

24. Diet: They are scavengers, feeding on carrion but will also attack live cattles. Breeding: Breeding is nonseasonal, beginning at two to three years. One to six cubs are born per litter. Hyaenas

25. http:// www.wildlifeofpakistan.com/stripped_hyena.html Zoogeography, paleontology and wildlife management by Dr. S.S Ali https:// www.nationalgeographic.com/animals/mammals/facts/bears REFRENCES:

26. Thank you!