البصمة_________ الكربونية للمحروقات.pptx

CFP

1. International expert in Sustainability and Climate Risk Assessment Ambassador / Mostafa Elsayed Sherbiny

2. How many kilograms of CO 2  are emitted during combustion? to know the emissions of your vehicle is to measure the litres of fuel consumed. the value depends on the mixture of hydrocarbons and the engine, but does not vary much. The weight gain due to the fact that we have considered only the fuel, but we need to add oxygen in the combustion O 2 .

3.   is composed of a mixture of 2,2,4-trimethylpentane (an isomer of octane C 8 H 18  [octane rating 100]) Example of octane rating, petrol with the same knocking characteristics as a mixture of 95% iso -octane and 5% heptane would have an octane rating of 95. Petrol gasoline, or benzin

4. Petrol (Gasoline): 2 mol C 8 H 18 (114 g/ mol ) --> 16 mol CO 2 (44 g/ mol )   =>   2*114=228g --> 16*44=704g   =>   1000/228*704=3087.72g 1 kg of Petrol produce 3.088 kg of CO 2 . 1 litre of Petrol produce 2.22 kg of CO 2 .    (3087.72*0.7197=2224.64) 2 C 8 H 18  + 25 O 2  --> 16 CO 2  + 18 H 2 O + energy

5. Diesel Diesel  is composed of about 75% saturated hydrocarbons (primarily paraffins including n, iso , and cycloparaffins ), and 25% aromatic hydrocarbons (including naphthalenes and alkylbenzenes ). The average chemical formula for common diesel fuel is C 12 H 23 , ranging approximately from C 10 H 20  to C 15 H 28 .

6. Diesel C 12 H 23 : 4 mol C 50 H 93 (167.3121 g/ mol ) --> 48 mol CO 2 (44 g/ mol )   =>   4*167.3=669.25g --> 48*44=2112g   =>   1000/669.25*2112=3155.77g 1 kg of Diesel produce 3.16 kg of CO 2 . 1 litre of Diesel produce 2.63 kg of CO 2 .    (3155.8*0.832=2625.6)  4 C 12 H 23  + 71 O 2  --> 48 CO 2  + 46 H 2 O + energy

7. Diesel C 50 H 93 : 1 mol C 50 H 93 (694.27342 g/ mol ) --> 50 mol CO 2 (44 g/ mol )   =>   694.27g --> 50*44=2200g   =>   1000/694.27*2200=3168.8g 1 kg of Diesel produce 3.17 kg of CO 2 . 1 litre of Diesel produce 2.64 kg of CO 2 .    (3168.8*0.832=2636.44) C 50 H 93  + 193/4 O 2  --> 50 CO 2  + 93/2 H 2 O + energy

8. LPG GPL: C 3 H 8  + 5 O 2  --> 3 CO 2  + 4 H 2 O + energy 1 mol C 3 H 8 (44 g/ mol ) --> 3 mol CO 2 (44 g/ mol )   =>   44g --> 3*44=132g   =>   1000/44*132=3000g 1 kg of LPG GPL produce 3 kg of CO 2 . 1 litre of GPL produce 1.56 kg of CO 2 .    (3000.0*0.52=1560.0)

9. Methane CNG (compressed natural gas):  CH 4  + 2 O 2  --> CO 2  + 2 H 2 O + energy 1 mol CH 4 (16 g/ mol ) --> 1 mol CO 2 (44 g/ mol )   =>   16g --> 44g   =>   1000/16*44=2750g 1 kg of Methane produce 2.75 kg of CO 2 .

10. Methanol:   CH 3 OH + 3/2 O 2  --> CO 2  + 2 H 2 O + energy 1 mol CH 3 OH(32 g/ mol ) --> 1 mol CO 2 (44 g/ mol )   =>   32g --> 44g   =>   1000/32*44=1375g 1 kg of Methanol produce 1.38 kg of CO 2 .

11. Ethanol:   C 2 H 5 OH + 3 O 2  --> 2 CO 2  + 3 H 2 O + energy 1 mol C 2 H 5 OH(46 g/ mol ) --> 2 mol CO 2 (44 g/ mol )   =>   46g --> 88g   =>   1000/46*88=1913.04g 1 kg of Ethanol produce 1.91 kg of CO 2 . 1 litre of Ethanol produce 1.51 kg of CO 2 .    (1913.04*0.789=1509.4)

12. Biodiesel Methyl Linoleate:   C 19 H 34 O 2  + (53/2) O 2  --> 19 CO 2  + 17 H 2 O + energy 1 mol C 19 H 34 O 2 (294.4739 g/ mol ) --> 19 mol CO 2 (44 g/ mol )   =>   294.4739g --> 836g   =>   1000/294.4739*836=2839g 1 kg of Biodiesel C 19 H 34 O 2  produce 2.84 kg of CO 2 . 1 litre of Biodiesel C 19 H 34 O 2  produce 2.524 kg of CO 2 .   (2839*0.889=2524)

13. Biodiesel Ethyl Stearate:   C 20 H 40 O 2  + 29 O 2  --> 20 CO 2  + 20 H 20  + energy 1 mol C 20 H 40 O 2 (312.5323 g/ mol ) --> 20 mol CO 2 (44 g/ mol )   =>   312.5323g --> 880g   =>   1000/312.5323*880=2816g 1 kg of Biodiesel C 20 H 40 O 2  produce 2.82 kg of CO 2 . 1 litre of Biodiesel C 20 H 40 O 2  produce 2.489 kg of CO 2 .   (2816*0.884=2489)

14. Fuel Combustion formula Density kg/l (lb/US gal) CO 2  kg/l (lb/US gal) emissiones Petrol gasoline 2 C 8 H 18  + 25 O 2  --> 16 CO 2  + 18 H 2 O + 2636 kcal 0.7197 kg/l (6.073 lb /gal) 2.3035 kg/l (19.24 lb/US gal) Diesel 4 C 12 H 23  + 71 O 2  --> 48 CO 2  + 46 H 2 O + energy 0.832 kg/l (6.943 lb/gal) 2.6256 kg/l (21.91 lb/US gal) LPG GPL C 3 H 8  + 5 O 2  --> 3CO 2  + 4 H 2 O + 531 kcal 0.52 kg/l (4.34 lb/gal) 3.0 kg/l (25.04 lb/US gal) Methane CNG (compressed natural gas) CH 4 CH 2  + 2 O 2  --> CO 2  + 2 H 2 O + 891 kJ/ mol 0.416 kg/l (3.47 lb/gal) 2.750 kg/l (22.95 lb/US gal) Methanol CH 3 OH CH 2 OH + 3/2 O 2  --> CO 2  + 2 H 2 O + energy 0.7918 kg/l (4.63 lb /gal) 1.375 kg/l (11.47 lb/US gal) Ethanol C 2 H 5 OH C 2 H 5 OH + 3 O 2  --> 2 CO 2  + 3 H 2 O + energy 0.789 kg/l (6.58 lb /gal) 1.506 kg/l (12.57 lb/US gal) Biodiesel C 19 H 34 O 2 C 19 H 34 O 2  + (53/2) O 2  --> 19 CO 2  + 17 H 2 O + energy 0.889 kg/l (7.42 lb /gal) 2.839 kg/l (23.69 lb /US gal) Biodiesel C 20 H 40 O 2 C 20 H 40 O 2  + 29 O 2  --> 20 CO 2  + 20 H 20  + energy 0.884 kg/l (7.38 lb/gal) 2.816 kg/l (23.5 lb /US gal)