Pract no-2 Blood collection and hemoglobin.ppt

About blood collection and hemoglobin estimation.

1. Clinical Pathology
Practical No II
Collection of Blood& Haemoglobin estimation

2. Collection of Capillary Blood
•Capillary blood
•Site – Pulp of
fingers, baby-heel
•Precautions-
Asepsis
•UseUse - Hemoglobin,
blood counts,
smears for malarial
parasite, estimation
of ESR and PCV

3. Collection of capillary blood
Adult Infant

4. Collection of Arterial Blood
•Arterial blood
•Site
•UseUse - Arterial blood
gas analysis

5. Collection of venous blood
•Venous blood
•Site
•Precautions
•UseUse -
Hematological,
Biochemical,
Serological
investigations, and
Culture
examination.

6. Collection of blood (cont.)
BulbsBulbs :
• Wintrobe Bulb
• Oxalate Bulb
• Paraffin coated EDTA Bulb
• Fluride Bulb
• Prothrombin Bulb
• Plain Bulb

7. Wintrobe Bulb (Double
oxalate)
•photo •Ammonium oxalate
( 6 parts) +
(Potassium oxalate (
4 parts)
•Chelating agent
•Routine hemat.inv.
& ESR by Wintrobe
method

8. EDTA Bulb
•EDTA
•Chelating agent
•Routine
hematological
invest.

9. Fluoride Bulb
•Sodium fluoride
•Prevents glycolysis
•Use- Blood sugar
level

10. Citrate Bulb (Prothrombin
Bulb)
•Trisodium citrate
( 3.8 %)
•Calcium bound in
unionized form
•Use- Coagulation
studies ( PT/APPT),
ESR – Westergreen
method

11. Vacutainers

12. Vacutainers

13. Vacutainer

14. HEMOGLOBIN
•Methods of Estimation
1.Colorimetric methods
•Sahli’s Method
•Cyanmethemoglobin method
2.Gasometric Method
•Vanslyke Apparatus (1 gm Hb = 1.34 mlof O
2
)
3.Specific Gravity Method
•Copper sulphate solution with Sp. Gravity
1.054

15. Sahli’s Apparatus
Hb Pipette Sahli’s Comparator

16. Sahli’s method

17. Other methods
Tallqvist method Colorimetric method

18. Other Methods
Haemospot method
Biorad method

19. Automated Haematology Analyser

20. Sahli’s MethodSahli’s Method CyanmethemoglobinCyanmethemoglobin
1.0.1 N HCl
2.Visual comparision
3.3.DisadvantagesDisadvantages
•All forms of Hb cannot be
converted into acid hematin
•Colour not stable
•Instrumental and personal
error
1.Drabkin’s solution
2.Photoelectric colorimeter
3.3.AdvantagesAdvantages
•All forms of Hb can be
converted into
Cyanmethemoglobin
•Colour is stable
•Less instrumental error
HEMOGLOBIN Cont.

21. HEMOGLOBIN Cont.
•Normal Hemoglobin Types
•HbA (
α
2
β
2)
•HbA
2(
α
2δ
2)
•HbF (
α
2γ
2)
•Abnormal Hemoglobin
•HbS, HbC, HbE, HbD, etc.
•Measured by electrophoresis
•Normal Hemoglobin levels
•Adult Male 13.6-17.2 gm/dL
•Adult Female 12-15 gm/dL
•Infant cord blood 13-19 gm/dL