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1. Sum of All Elements lst = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5] total = 0 for num in lst : total += num print(total) Remove Duplicates lst = [1, 2, 2, 3, 4, 4, 5] unique = [] for num in lst : if num not in unique: unique.append (num) print(unique) Second Largest Element lst = [10, 20, 4, 45, 99, 99] unique = [] for num in lst : if num not in unique: unique.append ( num ) unique.sort () print(unique[-2]) Reverse a List def reverse_list ( lst ): return lst [::-1] print( reverse_list ([1, 2, 3, 4, 5])) Sum of All Elements def sum_list ( lst ): total = 0 for num in lst : total += num return total print( sum_list ([1, 2, 3, 4, 5])) Remove Duplicates from a List def remove_duplicates ( lst ): return list(set( lst )) print( remove_duplicates ([1, 2, 2, 3, 4, 4, 5])) Reverse a List def reverse_list ( lst ): return lst [::-1] Find Maximum Element lst = [10, 45, 2, 99, 23] max_num = lst [0] for i in lst : if i > max_num : max_num = i print("Max:", max_num ) Count Even and Odd Numbers lst = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6,9] even = 0 odd = 0 for i in lst : if i % 2 == 0: even += 1 else: odd += 1 print("Even:", even, "Odd:", odd)

2. Check if all elements of a tuple are even t = (2, 4, 6, 8) if all(x % 2 == 0 for x in t): print("All elements are even") else: print("Not all elements are even") Find the largest number in a tuple using if and else. t = (5, 12, 7, 3) largest = t[0] for num in t: if num > largest: largest = num print("Largest:", largest) Palindrome if tuple reads the same forwards & backwards. t = (1, 2, 3, 2, 1) if t == t[::-1]: print ("Palindrome tuple") else : print ("Not a palindrome") Check if Tuples have a common element t1 = (1, 2, 3, 4) t2 = (5, 6, 2, 8) found = False for i in t1: if i in t2: found = True break if found: print("Tuples have a common element") else: print("No common elements") Replace all negative numbers in a tuple with t = (-1, 2, -3, 4, -5) new_t = tuple(0 if x < 0 else x for x in t) print( new_t ) Check if all elements of a tuple are even t = (2, 4, 6, 8) t1 = (1, 2, 3, 4) t2 = (5, 6, 2, 8) found = False for i in t1: if i in t2: found = True break if found: print("Tuples have a common element") else: print("No common elements")

3. Check if a tuple has more positive or negative numbers. t = (-1, 2, -3, 4, -5, 6) pos = sum(1 for x in t if x > 0) neg = sum(1 for x in t if x < 0) if pos > neg: print("More positive numbers") elif neg > pos: print("More negative numbers") else: print("Equal positives and negatives") Grade system using a tuple of marks. marks = (85, 70, 90) avg = sum(marks) / len (marks) if avg >= 80: print("Grade: A") elif avg >= 60: print("Grade: B") else: print("Grade: C") Check if a tuple has more positive or negative numbers. t = (-1, 2, -3, 4, -5, 6) pos = sum(1 for x in t if x > 0) neg = sum(1 for x in t if x < 0) if pos > neg: print("More positive numbers") elif neg > pos: print("More negative numbers") else: print("Equal positives and negatives") Grade system using a tuple of marks. marks = (85, 70, 90) avg = sum(marks) / len (marks) if avg >= 80: print("Grade: A") elif avg >= 60: print("Grade: B") else: print("Grade: C")

4. First Repeating Element def first_repeating ( lst ): seen = set() for num in lst : if num in seen: return num seen.add (num) return None nums = [10, 5, 3, 4, 3, 5, 6] print("First repeating:", first_repeating ( nums )) from collections import Counter def are_anagrams (s1, s2): return Counter(s1) == Counter(s2) print( are_anagrams ("listen", "silent")) # True print( are_anagrams ("hello", "world")) Check if two sets are disjoint a = {1, 2, 3} b = {4, 5, 6} if a.isdisjoint (b): print("Sets are disjoint (no common elements)") else: print("Sets are not disjoint") largest set among three sets. a = {1, 2} b = {3, 4, 5} c = {6, 7, 8, 9} largest = max([a, b, c], key= len ) if largest == a: print("Set A is largest") elif largest == b: print("Set B is largest") else: print("Set C is largest") Count frequency of elements across multiple sets from collections import Counter a = {1, 2, 3} b = {2, 3, 4} c = {3, 4, 5} all_items = list(a) + list(b) + list(c) freq = Counter( all_items ) print( freq ) Set of Characters from String def unique_vowels (text): vowels = {'a', 'e', ' i ', 'o', 'u'} return { ch for ch in text.lower () if ch in vowels} print( unique_vowels ("Programming in Python"))

5. Dictionary questions Find the sum of all dictionary values. d = {"a": 10, "b": 20, "c": 30} print(sum( d.values ())) Create a dictionary with squares of numbers from 1 to 5. d = {x: x**2 for x in range(1, 6)} print(d) Find keys in dictionary with even values. d = {"a": 11, "b": 20, "c": 15, "d": 30} result = [k for k, v in d.items () if v % 2 == 0] print(result) Count the frequency of characters in a string using a dictionary. s = " mississippi " freq = {} for ch in s: freq [ ch ] = freq.get ( ch , 0) + 1 print( freq ) # Calculator program while True: print("\n--- Simple Calculator ---") print("Available operations: + - * /") choice = input("Enter operation (or 'q' to quit): ") if choice == "q": print("Exiting Calculator... Goodbye!") break if choice in operations: try: num1 = float(input("Enter first number: ")) num2 = float(input("Enter second number: ")) result = operations[choice](num1, num2) # Call function from dictionary print("Result:", result) except ValueError : print("Invalid input! Please enter numbers only.") else: print("Invalid operation! Try again.") # Define operations as functions def add(a, b): return a + b def subtract(a, b): return a - b def multiply(a, b): return a * b def divide(a, b): if b != 0: return a / b else: return "Error! Division by zero" # Mapping operators to functions using dictionary operations = { "+": add, "-": subtract, "*": multiply, "/": divide }

6. accounts = {"12345": {"name": "John", "balance": 5000, "pin": "1111"}} acc_no = input("Enter Account Number: ") pin = input("Enter PIN: ") if acc_no in accounts and accounts[ acc_no ]["pin"] == pin: print( f"Welcome {accounts[ acc_no ]['name']}") choice = input("1. Check Balance 2. Withdraw Money: ") if choice == "1": print("Balance:", accounts[ acc_no ]["balance"]) elif choice == "2": amount = int(input("Enter amount: ")) if amount <= accounts[ acc_no ]["balance"]: accounts[ acc_no ]["balance"] -= amount print("Withdrawal Successful! New Balance:", accounts[ acc_no ]["balance"]) else: print("Insufficient Balance") else: print("Invalid Choice") else: print("Invalid Account Number or PIN") Student Report Card System students = { "Alice": {"Math": 85, "Science": 90, "English": 78}, "Bob": {"Math": 45, "Science": 50, "English": 35}, "Charlie": {"Math": 92, "Science": 88, "English": 95} } for name, marks in students.items (): total = sum( marks.values ()) average = total / len (marks) if average >= 80: grade = "A" elif average >= 60: grade = "B" elif average >= 40: grade = "C" else: grade = "Fail" print(f"{name}: Total={total}, Average={average:.2f}, Grade={grade}")

7. Simple Contact Book contacts = {} while True: choice = input("\n1. Add Contact 2. Search Contact 3. Exit: ") if choice == "1": name = input("Enter Name: ") phone = input("Enter Phone: ") contacts[name] = phone print("Contact Saved!") elif choice == "2": name = input("Enter Name to Search: ") if name in contacts: print(f"{name}'s number is {contacts[name]}") else: print("Contact not found") elif choice == "3": break else: print("Invalid Option") Shopping Cart Billing System store = {"apple": 50, "banana": 20, "milk": 30, "bread": 25} cart = {} while True: item = input("Enter item (or 'done' to finish): ").lower() if item == "done": break if item in store: qty = int(input("Enter quantity: ")) cart[item] = cart.get (item, 0) + qty else: print("Item not available in store.") # Bill calculation total = 0 print("\n--- Bill ---") for item, qty in cart.items (): price = store[item] * qty total += price print(f"{item} x {qty} = {price}") if total > 200: discount = total * 0.1 total -= discount print("10% discount applied!") print("Final Amount:", total)

8. Library Management System library = {"Python101": True, " DataScience ": True, "AI": False} # True = Available, False = Borrowed book = input("Enter book name: ") if book in library: if library[book]: print(f"{book} is available. You can borrow it.") library[book] = False # Now borrowed else: print( f"Sorry , {book} is already borrowed.") else: print("Book not found in library")