pre-operative.pptxTaeniae coli spread out at rectosigmoid junction to form a continuous, external longitudinal muscle layer

Taeniae coli spread out at rectosigmoid junction to form a continuous,
external longitudinal muscle layer

1. Pre operative Nursing Care Patient before operation 1

2. Definition of pre-operative patient ca r e pre operative - given before surgery when physical and psychological preparations are made for the operation, according to the individual needs of the patient. 2

3. As well as the preoperative care that takes place in hospital, various preoperative tests and clinical assessments can be undertaken during a preoperative out patient appointment, one week or more before surgery takes place. 3

4. All nurses involved in the care of patients undergoing surgery should: - Have a clear understanding of their role in each of the operative phases . - Be able to identify the essential elements of preoperative care required to ensure patient safety. 4

5. Provide preoperative information to the patient, family members and carers at a level appropriate to their cognitive and language abilities. Understand the indications for, and effects of, any preoperative medicines. 5

6. Mechanism of pre-operative patient care -It involves a systematic approach to prepare patients physically, mentally, and emotionally for their surgical procedures. -The process focuses on ensuring patient safety, optimizing surgical outcomes, and enhancing the patient's overall experience. 6

7. components of the mechanism of preoperative patient care: 1. Comprehensive Assessment : A comprehensive assessment of the patient's medical history, current health status, and any underlying conditions is performed. This assessment may include : - physical examinations, - review of medical records, and - consultations with other healthcare providers. 7

8. 2. Patient Education: Patient education is a vital component of preoperative care. Patients need to be fully informed about the nature of the surgery, its purpose, potential risks and benefits, expected outcomes, and the postoperative recovery process. 8

9. This education helps relieve anxiety, clarifies doubts, and empowers patients to actively participate in their care. Information can be provided through : - verbal explanations, - written materials, - videos, or digital resources. 9

10. 3. Medication Review: - The healthcare team reviews the patient's current medications, including prescription drugs, over-the-counter medications, and herbal supplements. - Specific medications may need to be adjusted or temporarily stopped before surgery due to their effects on bleeding, anesthesia, or interactions with other medications. 10

11. 4. Fasting and Hydration Guidelines: - Depending on the type of surgery and anesth - esia requirements, patients may need to adhere to fasting instructions before the procedure. This helps reduce the risk of aspiration during surgery. 11

12. 5 . Preoperative Testing: - Preoperative testing may be necessary to assess the patient's overall health and identify any underlying medical conditions that may pose risks during the surgery. - These tests can include blood work, imaging studies (e.g., X-rays, CT scans), electrocardiograms (ECG), or other diagnostic procedures. 11

13. 6 . Surgical Consent: - Prior to any surgical procedure, informed consent is obtained from the patient. - The healthcare team explains the details of the surgery, including the risks, benefits, potential complications, and alternative treatment options. 7. Preoperative Instructions: - Patients receive specific preoperative instructions to follow before the surgery. These instructions may cover topics such as bathing with antiseptic solutions, discontinuing specific medications as advised, arranging transportation to and from the surgical facility, and any specific restrictions or preparations for the procedure. 13

14. 8. Psychological Support: - Surgery can evoke fear, anxiety, and stress in patients. Preoperative care involves providing psychological support to help alleviate these emotions. -Emotional support is paramount to help patients cope with their feelings and enhance overall well-being. 12

15. Activities during preparing patient for surgical procedure Generally, the priorities of nursing Pre-op patient for a surgical procedure are 1. Preoperative assessment: preoperative assessment is conducted to gather relevant information about the patient's medical history, current medications, allergies, and baseline health status. Psychological assessment should also be assessed as this can be a stressful experience for the patient we need to make sure that the patient is ready mentally or physiologically. 13

16. 2. Informed consent: The healthcare team explains the details of the surgical procedure, including potential risks, benefits, and alternatives, to the patient. Informed consent is obtained after ensuring that the patient understands the information provided and has the capacity to make an informed decision. Informed consent is an indication that the clients decision was made without force or pressure It Protects the patient against unsanctioned surgery and Protects the surgeon and hospital against legal action by a client who claims that an unauthorized procedure was performed. 16

17. 3. Preoperative fasting (NPO): Depending on the type of surgery and anesthesia, the patient is instructed to adhere to specific fasting guideline. - This typically involves avoiding food for a certain period before the operation to reduce the risk of aspiration. 14

18. 4. Medication and anesthesia management: The healthcare team reviews the patient's current medications and adjusts them, if necessary, in preparation for the operation. They may administer preoperative medications, such as antibiotics or anticoagulants, as prescribed by the surgeon or anesthesiologist. 18

19. 5. Preoperative procedures: Various tests and procedures may be performed before the operation, including Diagnostic tests such as : - CBC, - X-ray studies, - MRI and - CT scans, Bone scan, Endoscopies, Tissue biopsies, Stool studies, Urine studies. 15

20. 6. Verification process: The surgical team verifies the patient's identity, the surgical procedure to be performed, and the surgical site. -This crucial step ensures that necessary precautions are taken to prevent wrong-site surgery. 16

21. 7. Preoperative education: The healthcare team provides the patient with information and education about what to expect before, during, and after the operation. This may include instructions on postoperative care, pain management, activity restrictions, and the expected outcome of the procedure. 21

22. 8. Emotional support - The healthcare team provides emotional support and reassurance to alleviate anxiety and address any concerns or questions the patient may have. 9 . Ensuring patient comfort -This involves ensuring the patient is in a comfortable position, providing warm blankets or clothing, and addressing any immediate physical needs. 17

23. 10. Surgical site preparation -This involves thorough cleansing and sometimes hair removal. The surgical team may use antiseptic solutions to disinfect the skin surrounding the surgical site.. 23

24. 11. Collaboration and communication The healthcare team collaborates and communicates effectively to ensure that all necessary preparations are completed, ensuring that the patient is ready for the operation. This includes coordination between the surgeon, anesthesiologist, nurses, and other members of the surgical team. 24

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26. Name Id 1. Kidus Yared...................ugr/4049/14 2. Hermela Aklilu.......... ....ugr/5058/14 3. Haymanot Teka.............ugr/8157/14 4. Haymanot Yishak..........ugr/8483/14 5. Hiyab Seifu....................ugr/9890/14 6. Feven Yenus..................ugr/2421/14 26