PREFABRICATED CONSTRUCTION REPORT (BUILDING CONSTRUCTION)

REPORT ON PREFABRICATED CONSTRUCTION METHOD WITH DETAILS

1. BUILDING CONSTRUCTION
REPORT
SUBMITTED BY-HARLEEN,GRIMA
17072101236 , 17072101214
DEPT. OF ARCHITECTURE
GNDU, ASR.
PREFABRICATED
CONSTRUCTION

2. What is prefabrication construction system
The concept of precast (also known as “prefabricated”) construction includes those
buildings, where the majority of structural components are standardized and produced in
plants in a location away from the building, and then transported to thesite for assembly.
These components are manufactured byindustrial methods based on mass production in
order to build alarge number of buildings in a short time at low cost
it is combination of good design with modern high performance
components and quality controlled manufacturing procedures
this work is carried out in two stages, manufacturing of
components in a place other than final location and their
erection in position

3. prefab building components
Columns: - A column is a vertical member carrying the beam and floor loadings to the foundation.
It is a compression member and therefore the column connection is required to be proper.
The main principle involved in making column connections is to ensure continuity and this can be
achieved by a variety of methods
Beams: - Beams can vary in their complexity of design and reinforcement from the very simple beam
formed over an isolated opening to the more common encountered in frames where the beams
transfer their loadings to the column.
beam to column connection column to column connection

4. Waffle unit for flooring / roofing: - These are suitable for roofs / floors spanning in two
directions. They are laid in a grid pattern.These units are cast in moulds.The saving achieved
is not much. Also Shuttering are complicated and costly.Time consumption for construction is less
prefabricated staircase
other elements:
prefabricated girders prefabricated walls

5. Panelised Wood Framing:
Long timber frames that have been laminated and coated with plywood or
roofing material make up panelised wood framing systems. They are
frequently utilised for building roofs.
Advantages
Cost-effective and easy to transport.
Quick assembly and flexible design.
Disadvantages
Less durable than other materials.
Susceptible to moisture damage over time.
Sandwich Panels:
As the name suggests, sandwich panels are made up of two layers of
materials with an insulating core between them. The exterior layers may
be made of concrete, plywood, or stainless steel, while the insulating
layer may be made of rubber, foam, or paper.
Advantages
Excellent insulation properties, improving energy efficiency.
Lightweight and easy to install.
Disadvantages
May have limited aesthetic appeal.
Can be expensive depending on material choices.
types of prefabrication in construction

6. With sturdy and long-lasting properties, steel framing systems offer a solid
structural foundation for building construction.
Advantages
Strong and durable, with resistance to fire and pests.
Requires less maintenance.
Disadvantages
High initial cost.
Susceptible to corrosion if not properly treated.
STEEL FRAMING:
Concrete Systems:
Concrete elements provide time savings and versatility in prefabricated
buildings. Concrete is strong and adds to the structure’s visual appeal
despite its weight.
Advantages
Strong and durable, offering excellent structural integrity.
Low maintenance and long-lasting.
Disadvantages
Heavy, making transportation and installation challenging.
Higher material costs.

7. types of connections in prefabrication
FLOOR TO FLOOR CONNECTION
floor-to-floor connection made with a concrete filling in a continuous joint between the adjacent elements,
which is typical of some precast products such as hollow-core slabs. The joint has a proper shape to ensure
when it is filled in, i.e., a good interlocking with the transmission of the vertical transverse shear forces. For
the transmission of the horizontal longitudinal shear forces, the interface’s shear strength can be improved by
providing the adjoining edges with vertical indentations.
COLUMN TO COLUMN CONNECTION
Precast columns can be designed as single-storey or multi-storey
components. One possible solution of a connection between precast
concrete columns is the use of grouted splice bars. In column splice
connections, the lower concrete column has projecting reinforcement
bars that fit into sleeves in the upper element as shown in Fig. 9a and Fig.
10b. The upper element is lowered into position and temporarily braced
during grouting. A levelling pad must be provided for a correct position in
the vertical direction. The detailing and execution should ensure that
there is no concentration of vertical stresses in the completed connection
caused by the levelling pad.

8. COLUMN TO FOUNDATION CONNECTION
the column is inserted within the pocket delimited by the four walls of the foundation. It is placed on a pad
over the bottom footing slab. After the centering of the column, which is fixed with proper provisional bracing
props, the bottom gap to the footing and the peripheral gap to the walls are filled with no-shrinkage mortar.
The pocket should be large enough to enable a good compacted filling below and around
the column. In the solution on the left the surfaces of the column and foundation within the
joint are smooth. In the solution on the right, they are wrought with indentations or keys so to
increase the adherence of the mortar.

9. BEAM TO COLUMN CONNECTION
COLUMN TO FOUNDATION CONNECTION
COLUMN TO FOUNDATION CONNECTEION
THROUGH NUT AND WASHER IS SHOWN IN
FIGURE THE BOLTS ARE INSERTED IN BASE
PLATE OF COLUMN AND PASSDED IN TO
THE IN SITU CASTED CONCRETE
FOUNDATION.

10. WALL TO WALL PANEL CONNECTION
Precast wall panels are usually single-storey
high panels that are connected to each other and
to the floor slabs. The connections are an
integral part of the structural support
system for vertical gravity loads consisting
of dead and live loads as well as for the
transfer of horizon tal in-plane forces from
the action of the floor diaphragm. There are
two principal types of joint in precast wall
panels:– vertical joints for the purpose of
transferring vertical shear forces from one
wall component to the next one with
relatively minimal movement– horizontal wall-
to-floor and wall-to-foundation joints for
the transferring of compressive, tensile and
shear forces from one component to another.

11. TYPES OF PREFABRICATION SYSTEMS
The system of prefabricated construction depends on the extent of the use of prefab components, their
materials sizes and the technique adopted for their manufacture and use in building.
LARGE PANEL PREFAB SYSTEM
"Large-panel system" refers to multistory structures composed of
large wall and floor concrete panels connected in the vertical and
horizontal directions so that the wall panels enclose appropriate
spaces for the
rooms within a building.
• These panels form a box-like structure.
• Both vertical and horizontal panels resist gravity load.
• Wall panels are usually one storey high. • Horizontal floor and roof
panels span either as one-way or two-way
slabs. • When properly joined together, these horizontal elements act
as
diaphragms that transfer the lateral loads to the walls.

12. CLASSIFICATION OF STRUCTURAL SCHEME WITH PRECAST LARGE PANEL
Wall Systems
Cross Wall System - In this scheme, the cross wall are load bearing walls whereas the facade Walls are non-
load bearing this system is suitable for high rise
buildings.
Longitudinal Wall System - In this scheme the cross walls are non-load bearing whereas
Longitudinal walls are load bearing walls. This system is suitable for low
rise buildings.
two way system - A combination of the above system with all load bearing
walls can also be adopted.

13. FRAME SYSTEMS
Precast frames can be constructed using either linear elements or spatial beam
column sub-assemblages.
The use of linear elements generally means placing the connecting faces at the
beam-column junctions. The beams can be seated on corbels at the columns, for
ease of construction and to aid the shear transfer from the beam to the
column.
The beam-column joints accomplished in this way are hinged.
However, rigid beam-column connections are used in some cases, when the
continuity of longitudinal reinforcement through the beam-column joint needs
to
be ensured.
BOX TYPE CONSTRUCTION
in this system, room size units are prefabricated and erected at site.
Toilets and kitchen blocks also be similarly
prefabricated and erected at site.
• This system derives its stability and stiffness from the box unit which are
formed by the four adjacent walls. Walls are jointed to make rigid
connections among themselves. The box unit rests on the plinth
foundation which may be of conventional type or precast type.

14. difference between
conventional and
prefabricated
construction
method

15. DISADVANTAGES OF PREFABRICATED CONSTRUCTION
Handling and transportation may cause breakages of members so care has to be taken.
It is a non monolithic construction.
Placement of members plays a major role
High transport cost
Need of erection equipment
Skilled labour and supervision is required.
Saving in cost, material, time & manpower.
Shuttering and scaffolding is not necessary.
Installation of building finishes can be done immediately.
Independent of weather condition.
Components produced at close supervision .so quality is good
Clean and dry work at site.
Possibility of alterations and reuse
Correct shape and dimensions and sharp edges are maintained.
Very thin sections can be entirely precast with accuracy.
ADVANTAGES OF PREFABRICATED CONSTRUCTION

16. HEMISPHERE, GREATER NOIDA
The Hemisphere Apartment Key Features:
• Set on 9 hole designer golf course
• G+13 Structure with 3 Units per floor
• Golf Course view to all units.
• All 3 side open units
• Dedicated Club house.
• Based on Pre cast technology
amrapali thhe hemisphere is a housing aparaments
locatedin the greater noida. equiped with all
modern amenities and facilities . the main method of
construction used is th prefabrication
construction technique due its
time saving advantage
1.

17. LOCATION AND CONNECTIVITY

18. PREFABRICATED STRUCTURES

21. BHARAT CITY,GAZIABAD
Bharat City is a 60 acre township at Indraprastha
Yojna, Ghaziabad. The project is being constructed
using Precast Technology Infrastructures talks
about the use of precast technology in creating
affordable homes at a much faster pace which is the
need of the hour to fulfill the mass housing
demands of the country. In a never before an event
in Indian real estate industry, BCC Infrastructures
showcased the construction of a 2-3 BHK flat using
Precast technology, within half a day .
the application of this advanced building
technology guarantees a unvarying high standard
and quality of structural shell construction for
each and every building unit and will also benifit
users with low maintenance cost
2.

22. PREFABRICATED STRUCTURES
PRECAST COLUMNS TO COLUMN CONNECTION
BEAM TO COLUMN
CONNECTION
SLAB TO BEAM CONNECTION

23. WALL PANELS
SLAB-WALL PANEL-SLAB JOINT

24. CONNECTION BETWEEN SLABS CONNECTION OF WALL PANEL TO COLUMN

25. CORNER CONNECTIONS OF WALL PANELS

26. VELOCITY CONDOMINIUM COMPLEX, NEW JERSEY
PROJECT DETAILS
total precast concrete structure
202,300 square feet of luxury
condominiums
3floor of units with enclosed parking
at ground level
total of 128 units
thin set brick exterior panel
the project consists of twin,four storey
buildings which use total precast-brick
clad exterior walls,,demising walls, all
floor decks and roof deck, stair towers
stairs, exterior curved stairs, elevator
shafts
the components were manufactured in
pennsylvania by oldcastle precast
building system and transported to
hoboken site
first four storeys were completed in 5
weeks.
3.

27. PRECAST ELEMENTS
THE EXTERIOR WALL SYSTEM
the exterior of the frame the building’s
weatherproof envelope, could also be a skeletal
structure.in which case, the spaces between the
columns would be clad in brickwork, sheeting etc.
THE COLUMN SYSTEM
the type of beam to column connection is
rigid connection which formed by ovrlapping
of steel bars and insitu concrete

28. FLOOR SYSTEM
the condominium used a hollow core slabs
for its floor system.
this type of structure component had
incorporates a structural precast system
of column and beams with a precast floor
system.
the frame can be pin jointed with lateral
loads carried by shear walls
PRECAST CONNECTIONS
1.GROUT POCKETS
improved connections of performed
concrete construction elements wherein
one or more metal pins of any preferred
cross-sectional shape, are cast in place ,
or grouted ,extending into each of two
elements to be connected, whereby the
load transfer capacity of connection is
increased by about three times

29. 2.GROUTED DUCTS
criteria used were the ability to resist
large unbalanced moments, avoiding
avoiding confilicts between cap
longitudinal reinforcement and precast
cap connectors, confinement of the
connectio, region to develop its full
capacity,providing durability of the
connection, and protecting connectors
from corrosion
3. BOLTED CONNECTION
precast forming elements are erected as
column and beam forms and becomeb an
integral part of the structure, beam
elements are set on the columns forming
the floor grid. precast floor panel are
set on beams and secured with a bolted
connection. plumbing and electrical
conduit is placed in and through the beam
elements. column and beam reinforcing is
put in place and columns and beams are
poured.