Presentation AASP Thai OCare011 2024.pptx

Intervention of WASH in infection

1. PRADITYA • WIRATAMA • NAGARA BHAKTI apt. Syahrul Tuba, S.Farm ., M.Clin.Pharm 7th Asian Association of Schools of Pharmacy (AASP) Pharmacy Education Forum Thailand, March 7, 2024

2. Effectiveness of Water, Sanitation, Hygiene, and Nutritional Interventions to Reduce Pathogenic Infections and Improve Nutritional Status in Children: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trial Running Title Full Title Evaluating WASH and Nutritional Interventions in Children's Health

3. Layout 1. Introduction to Our Study 2. Research Objectives 3. Methodology Overview 4. Key Findings: Impact of WASH Interventions 5. Key Findings: Nutritional Interventions' Effects 6. Comparative Analysis: WASH vs. Nutritional Interventions 7. Discussion: Implications for Policy and Future Research 8. Conclusion: Enhancing Child Health and Well-being 9. Acknowledgements and References 3 Praditya • Wiratama • Nagara Bhakti

4. This presentation delves into the role of water, sanitation, hygiene (WASH), and nutritional interventions in curbing pathogenic infections and enhancing the nutritional status of children. Aimed at reducing pathogenic infections and improving the nutritional status in children, this study synthesizes evidence from numerous randomized controlled trials to offer valuable insights for enhancing child health and well-being. This comprehensive study represents a significant step towards understanding and improving child health globally. Introduction to Our Study

5. Our primary goal is to systematically review and analyze random controlled trials focusing on WASH and nutritional interventions. We aim to ascertain their effectiveness in reducing pathogenic infections and boosting the nutritional status of children, following the stringent PRISMA guidelines for accuracy and reliability. Research Objectives

6. Methodology Overview 6 Praditya • Wiratama • Nagara Bhakti Adherence to PRISMA Guidelines Search Strategy A diligent search was conducted using PubMed, Cochrane Library, Scopus, and Epistemonikos to identify relevant randomized controlled trials. Study Selection Out of 5756 articles, 50 studies were selected based on specific inclusion criteria focusing on interventions related to WASH and nutrition. Data Extraction Data was meticulously extracted, focusing on outcomes related to weight, height, and infection rates in children. Bias Assessment Risk of Bias was evaluated using the RoB 2 tool, ensuring the credibility of included studies.

7. Identification of studies via databases and registers Records identified from*: Databases (n = 5,637) Pubmed (n = 4,613) Cochrane (n = 33) Scopus (n = 960) Epistemonikos (n = 31) Records removed before screening : Duplicate records removed (n = 211) Records marked as ineligible by automation tools (n = 2,566) Records removed for other reasons (n = 685) Records screened (n = 2,175) Records excluded** (n = 1,975) Reports sought for retrieval (n = 200) Reports not retrieved (n = 0) Reports assessed for eligibility (n = 200) Reports excluded: Reason 1 (n = 79) Information Not Completed Reason 2 (n = 22) Restricted Access Reason 3 (n = 27) High Risk of Bias Studies included in review (n = 71) Reports of included studies (n = 18) Identification Screening Included From: Page MJ, McKenzie JE, Bossuyt PM, Boutron I, Hoffmann TC, Mulrow CD, et al. The PRISMA 2020 statement: an updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews. BMJ 2021;372:n71. doi : 10.1136/bmj.n71

8. 8 Impact of Interventions/Results Praditya • Wiratama • Nagara Bhakti Unveiling Significant Findings WASH WASH interventions significantly reduced weight-related outcomes (OR: 0.58) and pathogenic infections (OR: 0.40), displaying a clear impact on child health. Nutrition Nutritional interventions notably improved weight-related outcomes (OR: 0.33) and had a substantial effect on height (OR: 0.27), contributing to better nutritional status. Height Analysis WASH interventions showed a positive effect on height outcomes (OR: 0.66), highlighting their potential to contribute to children's physical development. Infection Rates Despite a positive trend, nutritional interventions did not reach statistical significance in reducing pathogenic infections (OR: 0.78).

9. Forrest plot Meta-analysis of the effect of Nutritional Intervention on Nutritional Status Children Forrest plot Meta-analysis of the effect of Nutritional Intervention on Pathogenic Infection Cases

10. Forrest plot Meta-analysis of the effect of Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene Intervention on Nutritional Forrest plot Meta-analysis of the effect of Water, Sanitation, and hygiene Intervention on Pathogenic

11. Funnel Plot of NI Funnel Plot of WASH

12. Risk of bias graph review authors’ judgements about each risk of bias item presented across all inclusion Risk of bias summary review authors’ judgements about each risk of bias item for each included study

13. Comparative Impact of Interventions WASH vs Nutritional Interventions Which Has a Greater Impact? WASH WASH interventions predominantly focus on preventing infections, crucial for early child development. Nutrition Nutritional programs directly tackle undernutrition by enhancing dietary intake, critical for growth. Combined Effect The constructive interaction of WASH and nutritional interventions offers the most robust solution for combating child undernutrition and infections.

14. 14 Conclusion: Enhancing Child Health and Well-being In conclusion, our findings illuminate the significant impacts of WASH and nutritional interventions on reducing pathogenic infections and improving nutritional status in children. These interventions are instrumental in promoting child health, necessitating their prioritization and integration into global health strategies to safeguard future generations.

15. Acknowledgements and References Praditya • Wiratama • Nagara Bhakti We extend our deepest gratitude to all participants, researchers, and institutions that made this study possible.

16. PRADITYA • WIRATAMA • NAGARA BHAKTI Thank You