Presentation Abay Dam Berhanu Tadesse Taye (6).pdf
berhanutadesse90
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Sep 14, 2025
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About This Presentation
The construction of the dam was completed with the cooperation of technocrats, engineers, financiers and millions of Ethiopians. This shows what can be achieved when different segments of society come together for a common goal. This culture of working together (Synergy) can be a model for all natio...
The construction of the dam was completed with the cooperation of technocrats, engineers, financiers and millions of Ethiopians. This shows what can be achieved when different segments of society come together for a common goal. This culture of working together (Synergy) can be a model for all national projects. Despite the political disagreements in our country, the delay in the completion of the dam, especially in terms of the scheduled time, is undoubtedly a cause for concern. Therefore, it is known that there are things that do not suit us in this and other issues. Therefore, by giving our problems to the growth and development of the country and leaving aside the things that do not suit us, we were able to complete the dam by creating a synergistic effect among citizens.የግድቡ ግንባታ በቴክኖክራቶች፣ በምህንድስና፣ በገንዘብ ባለሙያዎች እና በሚሊዮኖች የሚቆጠሩ ኢትዮጵያውያን ትብብር ተጠናቋል። ይህ የተለያዩ ህብረተሰብ ክፍሎች በአንድ አላማ ላይ ሲተባበሩ ምን ማለት እንደሚቻል ያሳያል። ይህ አብሮ ለመስራት ባህል (Synergy) ለሁሉም የሀገር ፕሮጀክቶች ማሳያ መሆን ይችላል። በሃገራችን ጉዳይ የፖለቲካ አለመግባባት ቢኖርም፤ በዋናነት ግድቡ እንዲጠናቅ ከተያዘለት ጊዜ አንጻር መዘግየቱ ቅሬታ መፍጠሩ የሚያጠያይቅ አይደለም፡፡ በመሆኑም ይህንንና የተለያዩ ጉዳዮች የማያግባቡን ነገሮች እንዳሉ ይታወቃል፡፡ በመሆኑም ችግሮቻችንን ለሀገር እድግትና ልማት በመስጠትና የማያግባቡንን ነገሮች ወደጎን በመተው እንዴት ዜጎች synergistic effect በመፍጠር ግድቡን ማጠናቀቅ አንደቻልን ለሊሎች ማሳያ ተምሳሌት መሆናችንን ማሳያዎች ነው፡፡
Dam Name Country Power Capacity
Key Environmental
Impacts
Notes
GERD Ethiopia ~6,450 MW
Potential increase in
humidity, vegetation,
biodiversity
Largest in Africa;
designed for hydropower
only
Three Gorges Dam China ~22,500 MW
Major displacement,
sedimentation,
biodiversity loss
World's largest;
significant ecological
trade-offs
Itaipu Dam Brazil/Paraguay ~14,000 MW
Biodiversity corridors,
CO₂ emissions from
reservoir
Model for transboundary
cooperation
Hoover Dam USA ~2,080 MW
Altered river ecology,
reduced sediment
downstream
Iconic but with long-term
ecological consequences
Aswan High Dam Egypt ~2,100 MW
Reduced Nile sediment,
salinization, fisheries
decline
Historical precedent for
Nile basin management
How GERD Compares to Other Major Global Dams
GERD stands out for its strategic location in the tropics, which may enhance local humidity and vegetation growth. Unlike
others, it’s not designed for irrigation, which reduces some ecological risks but limits multipurpose benefits2.
Aspect Developed Countries Developing / Underdeveloped Countries
CO₂ Emissions (per person) ~30× higher than low-income countriesVery low per capita emissions
Total Emissions (absolute)
Still high, but declining in many due to
nuclear, natural gas, renewables
Growing share globally (China, India,
others) though still lower per person
Air Pollution Exposure (PM2.5, health
impact)
Generally lower due to stricter controls &
cleaner fuels
Higher exposure & mortality rates due to
biomass/coal use and weaker controls
Climate Finance Promises
Pledged $100B per year (by 2020, from
2009 promise) + Loss & Damage Fund
($768M so far)
Recipients of promised funds for
mitigation, adaptation, and loss & damage
Delivery Status
$100B target met only in 2022 ($116B)
— 2 years late; funds often loans not
grants; Loss & Damage Fund only just
operational
Still waiting for larger, faster, more
accessible funding
Why Delayed/Under-implemented?
Political disputes on burden-sharing,
reliance on loans, slow setup of funds,
limited scaling
Access barriers, weak capacity to
apply/manage funds, insufficient finance
for actual needs (hundreds of billions
needed)
A concise comparison table that pulls the key points together:
Air Pollution, Emissions & Climate Finance: Developed vs. Developing Countries
Item Verified Details Source
Power Generation Capacity 6,450 MW total (16 units × 375 MW)
Dam Height 145 meters
Dam Length ~1.78 km (main dam)
Saddle Dam Dimensions 5.2 km long, 50 meters high
Water Storage Capacity 74 billion cubic meters 1
Power Transmission Capacity 500 kV
Number of Power Units 16 units 11
Annual Revenue Potential
Over $2 billion (based on energy
exports and domestic use)
latest reports from 2025. Here's a fact-checked breakdown:
Verified and Accurate Information
Item Notes
Date of Commencement
Construction officially began in April 2011, not March 2003. The 2003
date may refer to early planning or feasibility studies.
Electromechanical Work
The primary contractors were Voith Hydro (Germany) and Weir Group
(UK), not "Federal Power Corporation".
Dam Area
The reservoir covers ~1,875 square kilometers, not 1,680 square
meters.
Dam Water Storage Length The reservoir stretches ~246 km, which is accurate.
Construction Progress
As of September 2025, GERD has reached 100% completion, not
78.3%.
Public Pledges and Funding
Ethiopia raised over 8 billion birr through public contributions, but the
total pledge amount and final collection figures vary across reports.
Items That Need Correction or Clarification
GERD Power Generation Turbines. Total turbines planned: 16 (all Francis-type) Current status as of April
2024:
Status Number of Turbines Notes
Operational 10 Fully generating electricity
Testing/Commissioning 1 Turbine #11 is under testing
Under
Construction/Installation
5
Remaining turbines being
installed and tested
Key Points:
•The “16” turbines refers to the total planned capacity of the dam.
•Currently, 10 turbines are actively generating electricity, with one additional turbine in the testing phase.
•This means that 11 of 16 turbines are partially or fully commissioned, while 5 are still in progress.
•Updates can be obtained from Ethiopian Electric Power (EEP) or other official GERD authorities for post-April 2024 developments.
Left Side: Pie chart showing: a, 10 Operational (Green) b, 1 Testing (Yellow) c, 5 Under Construction (Red)
Right Side: Status table
Status No. of Turbines Description
Operational (Green) 10 Fully generating electricity
Testing (Yellow) 1
Under commissioning and
testing
Under Construction (Red)5
Installation and final testing
in progress
1.Total planned turbines: 16
2.Currently ready (operational + testing): 11
3.Remaining under construction: 5
4.Total power capacity: 5,150 MW
5.Importance:
1.Fully self-funded by Ethiopians ($5 billion project)
2.Largest hydroelectric dam in Africa
3.Supports regional energy integration and exports
Key Facts
Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam (GERD) as of April 2024.
Kenyan President William Ruto
President Ruto praised the GERD as a symbol of African-led
infrastructural ambition and regional integration. He expressed
interest in importing electricity generated by the dam to
alleviate Kenya's own power shortages AP News.
At the September 9, 2025 inauguration of the Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam
(GERD), world leaders, including Barbados Prime Minister Mia Amor Mottley,
delivered speeches that highlighted the dam's significance as a symbol of African
unity and resilience.
Ethiopian Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed
Prime Minister Abiy emphasized
cooperation and assured neighboring
countries that Ethiopia does not intend
to harm their water interests. He
positioned the dam as a source of
national pride and regional discussion
about shared prosperity and water rights
Egyptian Response
Egypt, heavily reliant on Nile water, views the dam as a threat to its water security and has
called for legally binding agreements on the dam's operation. The Egyptian government has
described the dam as an "existential threat," citing lack of adequate prior consultation The
Guardian. Overall, the speeches at the GERD inauguration underscored the dam's importance as
a symbol of African unity and development, while also highlighting ongoing regional tensions
regarding water rights and resource management.