presentation about composting hyacinth leaves.ppt

presentation about composting

1. ABSTRACT
Waterhyacinth(Eichorniacrassipes)isoneofthemostinvasiveweed
speciesintheworldthatisspreadovermostofthetropicalandsubtropical
regions.Duetotheenvironmentalandeconomicconcernsassociatedwith
spreadingofthewaterhyacinth,controlitsdistributionisimportantissue.Inthe
presentstudy,compostorvermicompostofwaterhyacinthwasusedasgrowing
mediaforgrowingTomatoes.Anexperimentistobecarriedoutforwater
hyacinthascompostandgrowthcomparisonoftheplant.Treatmentsincluded
controlofwaterhyacinthandcompostorvermicomposttobeusedasfertilizers.
Differencewasobservedamong25%,50%,75%andwithoutfertilizerinsame
plantspecies.Asaresultthecomparisoninthegrowthoftheplantandits
propertiesareconcluded.

2. SCOPE AND OBJECTIVE
Tomaketheweedspeciesusefulforagriculturalpurposesasfertilizerforthe
plants.
Tocontrolthegrowththeweedspecies.
Tointroduceorganicfarmingusingtheseweedspecies.

3. INTRODUCTION
Improperwastemanagementhasaverynegativeandharmfuleffecttohuman
health.Apartfrombeingunaestheticandunpleasant,itcausespollution,pollutesthe
waterbodiesifdisposedintowater,hasasevereeffectontheozonelayerwhenburnt,etc.
allofwhichhaveaverynegativeeffectonglobalclimatechange.Wasteshave
historicallybeenburnt,disposedintooceans,waterways,anddumpedbytheroadsides,
andallthesepracticesbreedinsectsandpests,ensureproductionandreleaseoftoxic
gaseswithfoulodours,arehighlyunpleasant,andcontributetoglobalwarming(during
combustion)onamassivescale.Compostingisaverysafe,andadvisablemethodof
wastemanagement.Compostingisanaerobicprocesswherecomplexdegradable
materialsaredegraded,convertedandtransformedbymicroorganismsintoorganicand
inorganicby-products..Theby-productsmayusuallycontain‘humic-like’compounds
thatdifferentiatethemfromthosefoundinnativesoil,coals,andpeats.Compostingisa
steadymeanoftransformingvariousdegradablewastesintoproductswhichcanbeused
safelyandbeneficiallyasbiofertilizersandsoilamendments.
DETAILSOFTHEHYACINTHSAMPLETOBEUSED
•Sample uses : ukkadam hyacinth
•Total Area Of The Lake: 1.295 km²
•Average Depth : 5.82m (19.1ft)
•Total volume of the water :1982179.262m³
•Wet weight of water hyacinth : 160gms for (6 to 7) strands cover upto 1m²
•Dry weight of the water hyacinth : 70gms

4. LITERATURE REVIEW
INVESTIGATION OF COMPOST AND VERMI -COMPOST OF WATER
HYACINTH AS GROWING MEDIA
•Compostingandvermi-compostingarepromisingtechniquesforcontrollingthewaterhyacinth
whichreducestheuseofchemicalfertilizersandaggressivegrowthoftheplant.
•VermicompostisaHumicsubstancethathaseffectssimilartogrowthregulators.
•VermicompostInAdditionToBeingARichSourceOfMicronutrientsCanHelpObtaining
MicronutrientsSuchAsIronAndZincInPlantsAndImprovesPlantGrowthAndYield.
•Waterhyacinth(Eichorniacrassipes)isoneofthetenmostinvasiveweedspeciesintheworld
thatisspreadovermostofthetropicalandsubtropicalregions
•Duetotheenvironmentalandeconomicconcernsassociatedwithspreadingofthewater
hyacinth,controlitsdistributionisimportantissue.
•Treatmentsincludedpeatmoss+perlite(2:1v/v)ascontroland25%,50%,75%and100%of
waterhyacinthcompostorvermicompostsubstituteforpeatmossincontroltreatment.
•Accordingtotheobtainedresults,thetallestplantswereobservedinthecontrol(55.50cm)and
25%compost(55.25cm)treatments.Nosignificantdifferencewasobservedamong50,75and
100%compostand25%vermicomposttreatments.
•Waterhyacinthcangrowupto600-900tonsoffreshbiomass(35-45tonsofdrybiomass)per
hectareina temperateclimate.Thisplantcanbecontrolledbychemical,biologicaland
mechanicaltreatments.Oneofthedisadvantagesofchemicalcontrolisitsnegativeeffecton
ecosystem.
•Composting and vermi-composting are promising techniques for controlling the water hyacinth,
which reduces the use of chemical fertilizers and the aggressive growth of this plant

5. COMPOSTING PROCESS

6. COMPOSTING VERMICOMPOSTING
Definition Itis produced using all
types of wastes
It is produced FROM
ORGANIC wastes
Nutrientscontent Nutrientscontent is less Nutrientscontent is
more
Space Requirement Requirementof more
space
Requirement of lesser
space
Organic remains Organic remains are
decomposedby
microbes
Organic remains are
pulverised by
earthworms
Type of microbes Thermoplilic bacteriaMesophilic bacteria
time requirement Consumes more time in
production of compost
Consume less time as it
produces compost faster
Minerals supplementsRich in both
micronutrients and trace
minerals
Rich in
hormones,micronurtients
and trace minerls
Plant growth regulatorsPlant growth regulators
are absent
Plant growth regulators
are present
DIFFERENCE BETWEEN COMPOSTING&
VERMICOMPOSTING

7. Water Hyacinth At Vallankulam Lake
Analytical,thesands,
bag,andshovelwere
purchasedfromacommercial
vendor,Coimbatore.Fresh
WaterHyacinthplantsof70-
80clumpsweremanually
harvestedintolakesfrom
vallankulamlakelocatedwithin
Coimbatore.Theplantswere
air-driedandfragmentedwith
ashreddertoimproveeaseof
handlingduringcomposting.

8. STARTEDPREPARINGMYCOMPOST INTHEFIRSTWEEK
OFFEBRUARY, ANDIHAVEHADAGREAT EXPERIENCE
PERSONALLY WHILEWORKING ONANDTRYINGTODEVELOPMY
COMPOST.ISTARTEDWITHOUTANYPARTICULAR KNOWLEDGE
ABOUTHOWTOPREPARECOMPOST,ANDHADNOSOLUTEIDEA
ONHOWTOPROCEED.IHADSOMEGENERALSENSEONHOWTO
PROCEED,ANDASKEDMYFAMILYTOSPECIFICALLY START
PUTTINGCOLLECTED HYACINTHLEAVESINTOASANDPITFOR
COMPOSTING PROCESSFELTTHATIHADOBTAINEDSUFFICIENT
LEAVESTOUSEFORPREPARATIONOFMYCOMPOST.
Dry Hyacinth Leaves

9. CHANGES IN Na,K,AND Ca DURING COMPOSTING
PROCESS

10. Element Amount in compost
(mg·kg−1)
Amount in soil
(mg·kg−1)
Amount in
irrigation water
(mg·kg−1)
Zinc 0.01 0.12 ×10−2 -
Copper 0.1 ×10−2 0.35 ×10−3 -
Lead 0.16 ×10−3 0.49 ×10−3 -
Chromium 0.22 ×10−2 0.13 ×10−3 -
Nickel 0.21 ×10−2 0.36 ×10−3 -
Magnesium 0.10 0.03 0.14 ×10−2
Iron 0.38 0.19 0.92 ×10−3
Calcium 0.15 0.26 ×10−2 0.21 ×10−2
Potassium 0.42 0.09 0.97 ×10−3
Sodium 0.25 0.02 0.34 ×10−2
Total nitrogen 1.81 1.37 -
pH 6.6 6.8 7.1

11. HYACINTH COMPOST
Thepicturewastakenafter38daysofcompostingandThe
compostingpitisregularlymonitoredandasaresult38daysof
composting.

12. CONCLUSION
Theresultsofthepresentstudyrevealedthatvermicompostfromthewater
hyacinthcanbeusedasgrowingmediafortomatoplantation.Therewasno
significantdifferenceinmostofthemorphologicaltraitsbetweenplantsgrown
eitherincompost.Highpercentagesof50%and75%vermicompostincreased
growthofplantsandincreasedtheirnumberoffruits.Thewaterhyacinthasan
organicfertilizercanbestudiedinotherplantspeciesaswell.Duetotherapid
growthofthewaterhyacinthinswampsandwetlands,itsuseforproducing
vermicompostcanbeaneffectiveapproachforcontrollingthedistributionofthis
aggressiveweed.Theanalysisoftheashofwaterhyacinththusrevealsthatalmost
allthemacroandmicronutrientsnecessaryforplantgrowtharepresentinit.In
viewofthefactthatitcontainsbothpotassiumandphosphateinappreciable
amountsithasthepotentialtobecomeasubstituteforthenormalcommercial
fertilizer.Itoffsetsmostoftheharmfuleffectsofthechemicalfertilizers.
Abundanceinavailabilityofwaterhyacinthplantisanadditionaladvantage.
Consideringthevariousaspectsitcanbestronglyassertedthatwaterhyacinthisa
costeffectiveandenvironmentalfriendlysubstituteforchemicalfertilizer.

13. Thank You