Presentation about Present and Past Tenses.pptx

Presentation with the explanation about those tenses.

1. Presentation about Present and Past tense Student: Karen Cuaran Grade: 11-2 Teacher: Eulices Cifuentes 1

2. PRESENT SIMPLE We use the present simple: To talk about something that is true at present. I work as a teacher. He lives in Bogota with his family now. To talk about something that happens regularly. I go bird watching at the weekends. He goes to cinema every Sunday. To talk about something that is always true. The earth goes around the Sun. The human body contains 32 teeth. 2

3. PRESENT SIMPLE Spelling rules for 3rd person (he, she and it) We add –s to the verb to form the third person singular. I drink – he drink s I run – he run s We add – es to verbs that end in - ss , - sh , - ch , -x , -o . Guess es, Finish es, Watch es, Fix es, Do es With verbs ending in consonant + y , we change the –y to – ies . I cry – he cr ies, I try – he cr ies With verbs ending in vowel + y , we just add –s as usual. I play – he play s I enjoy – he enjoy s Positive Sentences We live across the street. They watch a terrific movie once a week. He feeds his dog with leftovers. She borrows money from her friends. 3

4. PRESENT SIMPLE Negative Sentences I don’t like soap operas. You don’t listen anyone but yourself. He doesn’t lend his car to anyone. She doesn’t focus on important details. Auxiliary: We use them for negative and question sentences. Do – Don’t I, you, we, they Does – Doesn’t She, he, it 4

5. PRESENT SIMPLE Question Sentences Do you always argue with your parents? Do we live in Manchester now? Does he like skating? Does the cat chase the cats? What do you do in your free time? Why do you go to the park? 5

6. PRESENT CONTINUOUS We use the present continuous: To talk about things that are happening at the moment we speak. A: What are you doing? B: I´m writing an e-mail. To talk about things that are happening now, but not exactly at the moment we speak. My brother is looking for a job at the moment. You are spending a lot of money these days . To talk about something i s planned to do in the future. We´re visiting our grandparents next weekend. My sister is starting a new job next Monday. 6

7. PRESENT CONTINUOUS We form the present continuous with be + v- ing (Am, Are, Is + v- ing ) Am: I. Are: you, we, they. Is: she, he, it Spelling rules for – ing With most verbs we add - ing . go – go ing play – play ing work – work ing With verbs ending in consonant + -e, we delete the -e and add - ing . come – com ing live – liv ing move – mov ing have – hav ing With verbs ending in - ie , we change - ie to - ying . die – d ying lie – l ying With verbs ending in one vowel + one consonant, we double the consonant. get - get ting run - run ning shop – shop ping When the verb ends in one vowel + -y , -w or -x , we just add - ing . play - play ing snow - snow ing mix - mix ing 7

8. Positive Sentences Margaret is read ing a book. Pierre is walk ing to school. We are hav ing lunch in the garden. They are do ing the laundry. PRESENT CONTINUOUS 8

9. Negative Sentences Margaret is not read ing a book. Pierre is not walk ing to school. We are not hav ing lunch in the garden. They are not do ing the laundry. PRESENT CONTINUOUS Negative form Verb to be + not + V- ing 9

10. Question Sentences Is she read ing a comic? Are they climb ing a tree? Is he wear ing red pants? Are you cook ing the dinner? PRESENT CONTINUOUS 10

11. PRESENT PERFECT We use the present perfect: To describe unfinished time. We have lived in the capital since 2001 . I’ve finished all my work today . To refer to indefinite time. I have broken my leg two weeks ago. I haven’t seen him for years . To express experience or result. She has lost her keys. She has gone to the shop and she has bought bread . 11

12. PRESENT PERFECT We form the present perfect with Subject + verb to have + verb (past participle) Positive Sentences I have work ed as a teacher since 2011. We have live d in Japan since 1995. She has watch ed this movie three times. He has work ed in the Eiffel Tower for four year. Auxiliary: We use the verb to have with this tense. Have – haven’t I, you, we, they Has – hasn’t She, he, it 12

13. PRESENT PERFECT Negative Sentences He has not watch ed this movie before. I have not stud ied for my English exam. We have not talk ed by telephone with my mom this month . I have not look ed for a job before. 13

14. PRESENT PERFECT Question Sentences Have they care d these dogs for six years? Have you play ed soccer since 1997? Have you phone d him this day? Have you watch ed this film before? 14

15. PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS We use the present perfect continuous: to show that an action started in the past and has continued up to the present moment. You have been waiting here for two hours. She has been working at that company for three years. The tense has a more general meaning of lately. We often use the words lately or recently to emphasize this meaning. Recently, I have been feeling really tired. She has been watching too much television lately. Present perfect continuous usually emphasizes duration, or the amount of time that an action has been taking place. 15

16. PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS We form the present perfect continuous with Subject + verb to have + been + verb- ing Positive Sentences They have been talk ing for the last hour. James has been teach ing at the university since June. You have been do ing this for the last 30 minutes. Nancy has been tak ing her medicine for the last three days. Auxiliary: We use the verb to have plus been with this tense. Have been – haven’t been I, you, we, they Has been – hasn’t been She, he, it 16

17. PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS Negative Sentences He has not been do ing his work. I have not been exercis ing lately. Mary has not been feel ing a little depressed . Lisa has not been practic ing her English. 17

18. PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS Question Sentences Have you been smok ing lately? Has Lisa been practic ing her English? Have they been play ing tennis every Sunday? Has she been run ning recently? 18

19. PAST SIMPLE We use the present simple: To talk about something that happened once in the past. I met my wife in 1983 . We went to Spain for our holidays . To talk about something that happened several times in the past. When I was a boy, I walked a mile to school every day . We swam a lot while we were on holiday. To talk about something that was true for some time in the past. I lived abroad for ten years . He enjoyed being a student . 19

20. PAST SIMPLE Spelling rules of – ed (Regular verbs) We normally add – ed to the verb to make the past simple. I worked – he work ed I rest – he rest ed We add –d to verbs that end in –e. admire – admire d change – change d bake – bake d With verbs ending in consonant + y , we change the –y to – ied . apply – appl ied, copy – cop ied With verbs ending in vowel + y , we just add –s as usual. enjoy –enjoy ed stay – stay ed destroy - destroy ed With verbs ending in one vowel and one consonant , we double the consonant. chat – chat ted drop – drop ped clap - clap ped 20

21. PAST SIMPLE There are two types of verbs in past simple, regular and irregular. To change a regular verb into its past tense form, we normally add –ED to the end of the verb. But Irregular verbs don’t follow a specific pattern. Some take the same form as the present tense for example: Put – put Hit – hit Cut – cut While others change a part or completely for example: Go – went make – made Think – thought leave – left Fight – fought speak – spoke 21

22. Positive Sentences My sister tid ied her room yesterday morning. The film end ed very late last weekend. Sue and Pat talk ed on the phone yesterday . We live d in New York in 1997. PAST SIMPLE 22

23. Negative Sentences He didn’t phone a friend an hour ago. The girls didn’t wear skirts to the party. They didn’t go to bed at midnight. I didn’t get up at seven last Sunday. PAST SIMPLE Auxiliary: We use them in negative and question sentences for all pronouns. Did – Didn’t I, you, we, they, she, he, it 23

24. Question Sentences Did She go to school on foot yesterday? Did Paul eat 2 sandwiches and an apple ? Did They find 50 euros in the street? Did We swim in the Mediterranean sea? Did Joe write a letter to Mary 2 days ago? Did The children break the window? PAST SIMPLE 24

25. PAST CONTINUOUS We use the past continuous: To talk about things that happened before and after another action. The children were doing their homework when I got home. The other day I was waiting for a bus when I met a friend. To talk about things that happened before and after a specific time. It was eight o'clock. I was writing a letter. I was sleeping when you called me . For something that happened again and again. I was practicing every day, three times a day. They were meeting secretly after school. With verbs which show change or growth The children were growing up quickly. Her English was improving. To show that something continued for some time. My head was aching. Everyone was shouting 25

26. We form the present continuous with be + v- ing (Was, Were + v- ing ) Was: I, she, he, it Were: you, we, they Positive Sentences When I woke up this morning, it was snow ing . My parents were call ing me when I was busy. We were clean ing the house all morning. Sam was play ing basketball at his university . PAST CONTINUOUS 26

27. PAST CONTINUOUS Negative Sentences She wasn’t work ing during the party. Three years ago, we weren’t liv ing in my home town. I tried to give him some advice, but he wasn't listen ing . They weren’t study ing at 8 pm. Negative form Verb to be + not + V- ing 27

28. PAST CONTINUOUS Question Sentences Were they sleep ing peacefully until the alarm rang? Was he work ing as a cashier in October? Was she try ing to impress her crush? Were the players train ing all year for this match?   28

29. PAST PERFECT We use the past perfect: To describe unfinished time in the past. She had lived in Liverpool all her life. They had painted the bedroom all day. To report our experience up to a point in the past. My eighteenth birthday was the worst day I had ever had. I was pleased to meet George. I hadn’t met him before. To talk about something that happened in the past and is important at later time in the past. I couldn't get into the house. I had lost my keys. Teresa wasn't at home. She had gone shopping. 29

30. PAST PERFECT We form the past perfect with Subject + had + verb (past participle) Positive Sentences I  had work ed  there for a year. It had rain ed for hours. He had play ed the guitar since he was a teenager. He had print ed three books this week. Auxiliary: We use the past form of the verb to have with all pronouns. Had – hadn’t I, you, we, they, she, he, it 30

31. PAST PERFECT Negative Sentences I hadn’t work ed there for ten years. We hadn’t miss ed any episode of this program.   They hadn’t finish ed the project by March. He hadn’t paint ed the house because he forgot to buy the paint. 31

32. PAST PERFECT Question Sentences Had they book ed the hotel in advance? Had she publish ed her first poem? Had my sister arrive d when you called yesterday ? Had The thief had escape d when the police arrived? 32

33. PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS We use the past perfect continuous: To show that an action started in the past and has continued up until another time in the past. He had been drinking milk the carton when Mom walked into the kitchen. We had been working at the company for five years when we got the promotion. As with the present perfect continuous, we are more interested in the process. We had been trying to open the door for five minutes when Jane found the key. It had been raining hard for several hours and the streets were very wet. 33

34. PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS We form the past perfect continuous with Subject + had + been + verb- ing Positive Sentences She had been work ing at that company for three years. he had been stand ing all day at work. James had been teach ing for more than a year. I had been study ing Portuguese very long. Auxiliary: We use the past form of the verb to have plus been with all pronouns. Had been – hadn’t been I, you, we, they, she, he, it. 34

35. PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS Negative Sentences She hadn’t been attend ing class this month. He hadn’t been exercis ing so hard in the gym. Jones hadn’t been prepar ing the dinner in the fantastic restaurant. She hadn’t been travel ing continuously for three days. 35

36. PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS Question Sentences Had Sofia been work ing at the hospital for over two years? Had Solangie been sing ing for an hour before her mom arrived.? Had you been stand ing there to meet the manager? Had They been liv ing in Guatape for four years ? 36

37. THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION 37