Presentation Job analysis pptx Human resource management

PPT of job analysis

1. Job analysis and performance appraisal

2. Acknowledgement

3. TABLE OF CONTENT

4. Executive summary : First bullet point here Second bullet point here Third bullet point here Class Group 1 Group 2 Class 1 82 95 Class 2 76 88 Class 3 84 90

5. preamble First bullet point here Second bullet point here Third bullet point here HYPOTHESIS

6. 1. Introduction Job analysis is a systematic process used to identify and document the essential duties, responsibilities, skills, and requirements of a specific job within an organization. It involves collecting detailed information about the tasks performed, the conditions under which they are completed, and the qualifications needed. This process helps organizations create clear and accurate job descriptions, which serve as a foundation for various human resource activities, including recruitment, training, performance evaluation, and career development. By providing a comprehensive understanding of each role, job analysis ensures that employees are well-matched to their positions, leading to enhanced performance, increased job satisfaction, and overall organizational efficiency. International Business Machines Corporation (IBM), founded in 1911, is a global leader in technology and consulting services. With a presence in over 170 countries, IBM is renowned for its innovation in fields such as artificial intelligence, cloud computing, and quantum computing. Over the years, IBM has continually evolved, maintaining its position at the forefront of technological advancements and shaping the future of business and society. IBM's commitment to excellence extends beyond its technological achievements to its human resource practices. The company places significant emphasis on job analysis as a critical tool for optimizing workforce performance. By meticulously defining job roles and responsibilities, IBM ensures that employees are well-matched to their positions, receive appropriate training, and have clear career development paths. This strategic approach not only enhances individual performance but also drives overall organizational success.

7. Effective job analysis at IBM significantly enhances employee performance by ensuring optimal role alignment and skill utilization. By meticulously defining job roles and responsibilities through comprehensive job analysis processes, IBM can accurately match employees to roles that best fit their skills and competencies. This alignment reduces role ambiguity and enhances job satisfaction, leading to improved motivation and productivity among employees. Furthermore, job analysis allows IBM to identify and address skill gaps through targeted training and development initiatives, equipping employees with the necessary capabilities to excel in their positions. This hypothesis posits that by leveraging job analysis effectively, IBM not only enhances individual performance but also fosters a culture of continuous improvement and career development, thereby contributing to overall organizational success and sustainability. the findings of this project will illustrate how appropriate job analysis practices, as exemplified by IBM, can positively impact organizational performance, employee satisfaction, and long-term success by enhancing role clarity ,by improving recruitment and selection process ,by targeted training and development and lastly by evaluating performance and career development.

8. 1.1Project guidelines Job analysis is a comprehensive and systematic process aimed at identifying and documenting the essential characteristics of a job. This process involves gathering detailed information about the tasks, duties, responsibilities, and the context in which the job is performed. The primary goal of job analysis is to create accurate job descriptions and job specifications, which serve as foundational elements for various human resource management activities. Components of Job Analysis1. Job Description: - Tasks and Duties: Outlines the specific activities and responsibilities associated with the job. - Responsibilities: Defines the level of accountability and the role the job plays within the organization. - Working Conditions: Describes the environment in which the job is performed, including physical, social, and organizational contexts.2. Job Specification: - Qualifications: Lists the educational background, experience, skills, and personal attributes required for the job. - Skills and Abilities: Identifies specific competencies and technical skills necessary to perform the job effectively. - Physical and Mental Demands: Details any special requirements, such as physical strength or cognitive abilities. Methods of Job Analysis1. Observation: - Directly observing employees performing their tasks to understand the job's requirements. - Suitable for jobs that involve observable and repetitive tasks.2. Interviews: - Conducting structured or unstructured interviews with employees and supervisors to gather detailed job-related information. - Useful for gaining insights into complex or less tangible aspects of a job. 3.Questionnaires and Surveys: - Distributing standardized questionnaires to employees to collect data on job duties, responsibilities, and requirements. - Allows for the collection of a large amount of data in a relatively short time.4. Work Diaries and Logs: - Asking employees to keep a record of their daily activities and tasks. - Helps in capturing the frequency and duration of tasks performed.5. Critical Incident Technique: - Collecting specific examples of particularly effective or ineffective job performance. - Focuses on identifying key behaviors that contribute to job success or failure.Importance and Benefits of Job Analysis1. Recruitment and Selection: -

9. - Facilitates the development of accurate job descriptions, helping attract and select candidates with the right qualifications and skills. - Ensures that the hiring process is aligned with the specific needs of the job and organization.2. Training and Development: - Identifies gaps in employees' skills and knowledge, guiding the creation of targeted training programs. - Helps in designing development initiatives that enhance employees' capabilities and career growth.3. Performance Appraisal: - Establishes clear performance standards and criteria for evaluating employees. - Ensures that performance appraisals are fair, objective, and aligned with job requirements.4. Compensation and Benefits: - Provides a basis for determining appropriate compensation levels and benefits packages. - Ensures that pay structures are equitable and reflective of job demands and responsibilities.5. Workforce Planning and Organizational Design: - Supports effective workforce planning by identifying the skills and competencies needed for future roles. - Aids in designing organizational structures that optimize efficiency and productivity.6. Legal Compliance: - Helps in ensuring compliance with labor laws and regulations by providing documented evidence of job requirements and qualifications. - Minimizes the risk of legal disputes related to employment practices.Job analysis is a vital tool for effective human resource management, providing a…[11:48 am, 3/7/2024] Sakshi Dubey ( Shatakshi ): Creating a project overview on how appropriate job analysis helps people perform better involves emphasizing the systematic process of gathering, documenting, and analyzing information about job roles and requirements.

10. This process is crucial as it aligns the capabilities and skills of employees with the demands of their roles, leading to improved performance and job satisfaction. The overview should begin by defining job analysis, highlighting its components such as job descriptions, specifications, and competencies. Explain how a thorough job analysis provides clarity on expectations, duties, and responsibilities, which reduces ambiguity and enhances employee focus and productivity. It should also touch on the methods used in job analysis, such as observations, interviews, and questionnaires, and how these methods ensure a comprehensive understanding of job roles. Discuss the benefits of job analysis, including improved recruitment and selection processes, as it ensures the right fit between candidates and job roles, thereby reducing turnover and training costs. Furthermore, elaborate on how job analysis aids in identifying training and development needs, enabling targeted and effective training programs that equip employees with the necessary skills and knowledge. Finally, the overview should illustrate the impact of job analysis on performance appraisal systems, ensuring that evaluations are fair, objective, and aligned with organizational goals, which in turn motivates employees to perform better. By providing a clear and detailed project overview, stakeholders can understand the critical role of job analysis in enhancing individual and organizational performance.

11. 1.2 Industry Information technology (IT) is the use of computer systems or devices to access information. Information technology is responsible for such a large portion of our workforce, business operations and personal access to information that it comprises much of our daily activities. Whether you are storing, retrieving, accessing or manipulating information, IT greatly impacts our everyday lives. Information technology is used by everyone from enterprise companies all the way down to one-person businesses and local operations. Global companies use it to manage data and innovate their processes. Even flea market sellers use smartphone credit card readers to collect payments and street performers give out a Venmo name to gather donations. If you use a spreadsheet to catalogue which Christmas presents you bought, you’re using information technology.

12. Information technology is a broad term that involves the use of technology to communicate, transfer data and process information. The different trends within information technology include, but aren’t limited to: Analytics Automation Artificial intelligence Cloud computing Communications Cybersecurity Data/database management Infrastructure Internet of things Machine learning Maintenance and repair Networks Robotics Software/application development SCADA

13. Information technology drives much of what we do in our personal and professional lives. It is the foundation of our communication, technological advancement, innovation, sustainability and recreation. We use information technology on a personal level to connect and communicate with others, play games, share media, shop and be social. From a career perspective, information technology is largely responsible for much of our business operations and spans nearly every industry. From healthcare to food services, manufacturing to sales, and beyond, we rely on IT to help connect us to others, store and manage information and create more efficient processes. According to  Cyberstates 2020 , there were 12.1 million technology-based jobs in 2020, which continues to grow year over year.  Careers in IT  span many different areas, from computer hardware and software development to networking, computer repair, technical support, cybersecurity, cloud computing, artificial intelligence, data science and so much more. What originally began as a siloed department, information technology is now considered a critical business function that impacts nearly every aspect of an organization .

14. An IT job is any position that involves the implementation, support, maintenance, repair or protection of data or computer systems. Those involved in development, deployment or support of the systems or applications others use are the most common examples of IT jobs. If you like problem solving and being an active learner,  a technology job could be right for you . IT jobs run the gamut. Here’s a brief rundown of some IT job possibilities. Keep in mind that these positions can also be industry specific, so you could work one of the following roles in an industry of your choice. Hardware-based IT jobs could include any of the following: Help desk technician Computer technician Network engineer/architect Hardware manufacturer Cloud engineer Cloud architect

15. S oftware-based jobs might involve developing applications or programs and may include the following: Software developer Software engineer Programmer Mobile application developer Web developer Product owner/support IT jobs that involve data protection or incident response fall under cybersecurity and may include the following: Cybersecurity specialist Cybersecurity analyst Cybersecurity architect Forensic analyst Incident responder

16. Jobs in information technology that involve data collection, storage or analysis fall under data jobs, which may include: Data scientist/analyst Data engineer Database engineer Data privacy officer Business intelligence analyst As with any industry, there are several IT jobs that are leadership positions. These may include jobs such as: IT manager/team lead Director of IT Chief Information Security Officer  (CISCO) Chief Information Officer (CIO) Chief Technology Officer (CTO) Chief Data Officer (CDO)

17. 1.3 company profile International Business Machines Corporation  (using the  trademark   IBM ), nicknamed  Big Blue , [6]  is an American  multinational   technology company  headquartered in  Armonk, New York  and present in over 175 countries. [7] [8]  IBM is the largest industrial research organization in the world, with 19 research facilities across a dozen countries, having held the record for most annual  U.S.   patents  generated by a business for 29 consecutive years from 1993 to 2021. IBM was founded in 1911 as the  Computing-Tabulating-Recording Company  (CTR), a  holding company  of manufacturers of record-keeping and measuring systems. It was renamed "International Business Machines" in 1924 and soon became the leading manufacturer of  punch-card tabulating systems . During the 1960s and 1970s, the  IBM mainframe , exemplified by the  System/360 , was the world's dominant  computing platform , with the company producing 80 percent of computers in the U.S. and 70 percent of computers worldwide. IBM entered the  microcomputer  market in the 1980s with the  IBM Personal Computer , which soon became known as  PC , one of IBM's best selling products. Due to a lack of foresight by IBM, [13] [14]  the PC was not well protected by  intellectual property  laws. As a consequence, IBM quickly began losing its market dominance to emerging competitors in the PC market, while at the same time the openness of the PC platform has ensured PC's longevity as the most popular microcomputer standard. Beginning in the 1990s, the company began downsizing its operations and divesting from  commodity production , most notably selling its personal computer division to the  Lenovo Group  in 2005. IBM has since concentrated on  computer services ,  software ,  supercomputers , and  scientific research . Since 2000, its supercomputers have  consistently ranked  among the most powerful in the world, and in 2001 it became the first company to generate more than 3,000 patents in one year, beating this record in 2008 with over 4,000 patents. [12]  As of 2022, the company held 150,000 patents As one of the world's oldest and largest  technology companies , IBM has been responsible for several  technological innovations , including the  automated teller machine  (ATM),  dynamic random-access memory  (DRAM), the  floppy disk , the  hard disk drive , the  magnetic stripe card , the  relational database , the  SQL programming language , and the  UPC barcode . The company has made inroads in advanced  computer chips ,  quantum computing ,  artificial intelligence , and  data infrastructure . [16] [17] [18]  IBM employees and alumni have won various recognitions for their scientific research and inventions, including six  Nobel Prizes  and six  Turing Awards

18. IBM is a  publicly traded company  and one of 30 companies in the  Dow Jones Industrial Average . It is among the  world's largest employers , with over 297,900 employees worldwide in 2022. [20]  Despite its relative decline within the technology sector, [21]  IBM remains the seventh largest technology company by revenue, and 67th  largest overall company by revenue in the United States . It is also consistently ranked among the world's most recognizable and valuable brands .

19. People and culture IBM has one of the largest workforces in the world, and employees at Big Blue are referred to as " IBMers ". The company pioneered in several employment practices unheard of at the time. IBM was among the first corporations to provide  group life insurance  (1934), survivor benefits (1935), training for women (1935), paid vacations (1937), and training for disabled people (1942). IBM hired its first black salesperson in 1946, and in 1952, CEO  Thomas J. Watson, Jr.  published the company's first written equal opportunity policy letter, one year before the U.S. Supreme Court decision in  Brown vs. Board of Education  and 11 years before the  Civil Rights Act of 1964 . The  Human Rights Campaign  has rated IBM 100% on its index of gay-friendliness every year since 2003, [196]  with IBM providing same-sex partners of its employees with  health benefits  and an anti-discrimination clause. Additionally, in 2005, IBM became the first major company in the world to formally commit to not using  genetic information  in employment decisions. In 2017, IBM was named to  Working Mother 's 100 Best Companies List for the 32nd consecutive year. IBM has several leadership development and recognition programs to recognize employee potential and achievements. For early-career high potential employees, IBM sponsors leadership development programs by discipline (e.g., general management (GMLDP),  human resources  (HRLDP), finance (FLDP)). Each year, the company also selects 500 IBM employees for the IBM Corporate Service Corps (CSC), [198]  which gives top employees a month to do  humanitarian work  abroad. [199]  For certain  interns , IBM also has a program called  Extreme Blue  that partners with top business and technical students to develop high-value technology and compete to present their business case to the company's CEO at internship's end . The company also has various designations for exceptional individual contributors such as Senior Technical Staff Member (STSM), Research Staff Member (RSM), Distinguished Engineer (DE), and Distinguished Designer (DD). [201]  Prolific inventors can also achieve patent plateaus and earn the designation of  Master Inventor . The company's most prestigious designation is that of  IBM Fellow . Since 1963, the company names a handful of Fellows each year based on technical achievement. Other programs recognize years of service such as the Quarter Century Club established in 1924, and sellers are eligible to join the Hundred Percent Club, composed of IBM salesmen who meet their quotas, convened in Atlantic City, New Jersey. Each year, the company also selects 1,000 IBM employees annually to award the Best of IBM Award, which includes an all-expenses-paid trip to the awards ceremony in an exotic location .

20. IBM's culture has evolved significantly over its century of operations. In its early days, a dark (or gray) suit, white shirt, and a "sincere" tie constituted the public uniform for IBM employees. [202]  During IBM's management transformation in the 1990s, CEO  Louis V. Gerstner Jr.  relaxed these codes, normalizing the dress and behavior of IBM employees. [203]  The company's culture has also given to different plays on the company acronym (IBM), with some saying it stands for "I've Been Moved" due to relocations and layoffs, [204]  others saying it stands for "I'm By Myself" pursuant to a prevalent work-from-anywhere norm, [205]  and others saying it stands for "I'm Being Mentored" due to the company's open door policy and encouragement for mentoring at all levels. [206]  In terms of labor relations, the company has traditionally resisted labor union organizing, [207]  although  unions represent some IBM workers  outside the United States. [208]  In Japan, IBM employees also have an  American football  team complete with pro stadium, cheerleaders and televised games, competing in the Japanese  X-League  as the " Big Blue ". [209] In 2015, IBM started giving employees the option of choosing  Mac  as their primary work device, next to the option of a  PC  or a  Linux distribution . [210]  In 2016, IBM eliminated forced rankings and changed its annual performance review system to focus more on frequent feedback, coaching, and skills development. [211] Many IBM employees have achieved notability outside of work and after leaving IBM. In business, former IBM employees include  Apple Inc.  CEO  Tim Cook , [212]  former  EDS  CEO and politician  Ross Perot ,  Microsoft  chairman  John W. Thompson ,  SAP  co-founder  Hasso Plattner ,  Gartner  founder  Gideon Gartner ,  Advanced Micro Devices (AMD)  CEO  Lisa Su , [213]   Cadence Design Systems  CEO  Anirudh Devgan , [214]  former  Citizens Financial Group  CEO  Ellen Alemany , former  Yahoo!  chairman  Alfred Amoroso , former  AT&T  CEO  C. Michael Armstrong , former  Xerox Corporation  CEOs  David T. Kearns  and  G. Richard Thoman , [215]  former  Fair Isaac Corporation  CEO  Mark N. Greene , [216]   Citrix Systems  co-founder  Ed Iacobucci ,  ASOS.com  chairman Brian McBride, former  Lenovo  CEO  Steve Ward , and former  Teradata  CEO  Kenneth Simonds . In government, alumna  Patricia Roberts Harris  served as  United States Secretary of Housing and Urban Development , the first  African American   woman  to serve in the  United States Cabinet . [217]   Samuel K. Skinner  served as  U.S. Secretary of Transportation  and as the  White House Chief of Staff . Alumni also include  U.S. Senators   Mack Mattingly  and  Thom Tillis ;  Wisconsin  governor  Scott Walker ; [218]  former  U.S. Ambassadors   Vincent Obsitnik  ( Slovakia ),  Arthur K. Watson  ( France ), and  Thomas Watson Jr.  ( Soviet Union ); and former  U.S. Representatives   Todd Akin , [219]   Glenn Andrews ,  Robert Garcia ,  Katherine Harris , [220]   Amo Houghton ,  Jim Ross Lightfoot ,  Thomas J. Manton ,  Donald W. Riegle Jr. , and  Ed Zschau . Other former IBM employees include  NASA  astronaut  Michael J. Massimino ,  Canadian astronaut  and former  Governor General   Julie Payette , noted musician  Dave Matthews , [221]   Harvey Mudd College  president  Maria Klawe ,  Western Governors University  president emeritus  Robert Mendenhall , former  University of Kentucky  president  Lee T. Todd Jr. , former  University of Iowa  president  Bruce Harreld ,  NFL  referee  Bill Carollo , [222]  former  Rangers F.C.  chairman  John McClelland , and recipient of the  Nobel Prize in Literature   J. M. Coetzee .  Thomas Watson Jr.  also served as the  11th national president  of the  Boy Scouts of America

21. The company's 15-member board of directors are responsible for overall corporate management and includes the current or former CEOs of  Anthem ,  Dow Chemical ,  Johnson and Johnson ,  Royal Dutch Shell ,  UPS , and  Vanguard  as well as the president of  Cornell University  and a retired  U.S. Navy admiral . [223]  Vanguard Group is the largest shareholder of IBM and as of March 31, 2023, held 15.7% of total shares outstanding. [224] In 2011, IBM became the first technology company  Warren Buffett 's  holding company   Berkshire Hathaway  invested in. [225]  Initially he bought 64 million shares costing $10.5 billion. Over the years, Buffett increased his IBM holdings, but by the end of 2017 had reduced them by 94.5% to 2.05 million shares; by May 2018, he was completely out of IBM .

22. 1.4 LITERATURE REVIEW

23. Research methodology

24. 3. Limitations of the study

25. 4. Analysis and interpretation of data

26. 5. Findings

27. 5. recommendations

28. 7. conclusions