Presentation of determinants of health

Determinants of Health

1. Health & the Determinants of Health

2. 2

3. “ When health is absent Wisdom cannot reveal itself Art cannot manifest Strength cannot fight Wealth becomes useless And Intelligence cannot be applied” Herophilus , 335–280 BC Physician to Alexander the Great Introduction

4. Perfect Health Death Every state of health can be placed somewhere along the line Introduction Dimension of Health Continuum

5. Introduction 5 Dimension of Health Physical Mental Social Emotional Vocational Others

6. “Health is a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity” Introduction

7. Modern People are under attacks by various factors • Hazardous environment • Stress • Physical inactivity • Infectious agents • Unhealthy diet Every year we lose … Something we can safe , if we know how ! Introduction

8. Risky behaviour Smoking Alcohol Drugs Dietary habits Physical inactivity Introduction

9. Lifestyle changes vs specific treatment Introduction

10. To briefly discuss about health and its determinants Aim

11. Determinants of health Health Models Recommendations Conclusion Sequence

12. Determinants of Health

13. Range of inter-related personal, social, economic, and environmental factors that influence health status Determinants of Health

14. Determinants of Health

15. Determinants of Health Human biology Environment Lifestyle Health care system Social conditions in which people live and work Determinants of Health

16. Human Biology

17. Human biology Biological factors are the primary determinant of health Main biological factors Endogenous Genetic heritage Passive immunity Exogenous Other living things ( microorganisms) Determinants of Health

18. Determinants of Health Heredity

19. Environment

20. Environment Physical Human Culture Customs Religion Environment External Internal Determinants of Health

21. Determinants of Health Environment

22. Determinants of Health Environment Traditions Beliefs

23. Lifestyle

24. HEALTH Determinants of Health Lifestyle

25. HEALTH Determinants of Health Lifestyle

26. Health Care System

27. Health Care System Health Determinants

28. Health Care System organization Health Determinants

29. Health Determinants 29 Access Quality Safety Coverage Six building blocks of a Health System WHO Health System Framework

30. Social

31. Social class is a powerful determinant of health When the Titanic sank in 1912 4 first class female passengers ….. Of a total of 143 were lost Among the second class passengers, 15 of 93 females drowned and among the third class, 81 of 179 female passengers went down with the ship The third class passengers were ordered to remain below, at the point of the gun Social conditions

32. Social Determinants of Health Economic stability Environment Education Food Community & Social context Health Care System Employment Housing Literacy Hunger Social integration Health coverage Income Transportation Language Access to healthy options Support systems Provider availability Expenses Safety Childhood Education Community engagement Provider linguistic and cultural competency Debt Parks Vocational training Discrimination Quality of care Medical bills support Playgrounds Walkability Higher education

33. Economic stability Absence of excesses fluctuations Social Determinants of Health

34. Physical environment Social Determinants of Health

35. Education Social Determinants of Health

36. Food Social Determinants of Health

37. Social Determinants of Health Food

38. Social context Social Determinants of Health

39. Social Determinants Matters

40. 40 Health Model

41. Health and well-being of individuals and populations across all age groups is influenced by a range of factors Biomedical Behavioural Socio-economic Health Model

42. Dahlgren and Whitehead – 1991, Rainbow Model Describes the layers of influence on an individual's health Health Model

43. Rainbow Model by Dahlgren and Whitehead (1991) US the relative impact of the various domains of health determinants have been determined Health Model

44. Way forward

45. Biology & Genetic Endowment Healthy Child Development Health Services Gender Culture Social Support Networks Education & Literacy Physical Environment Social Environment Employment & Working Conditions Personal Health Practices & Coping Skills Income & Social Status Health determinants

46. Recommendations

47. Individual Interpersonal Family, Friends, Social Network Organizational Organization, School, Workplac e Community Design , access , connectedness , spaces “ Health is neither created nor maintained solely within the health sector ” Public Policy National, provincial, territorial local laws & policy Recommendations

48. 48 Conclusion

49. Conclusion We know what makes us ill When we are ill we are told That it’s you who will heal us When we come to you Our rags are torn off us And you listen all over our body As to the cause of our illness One glance at our rags, would Tell you more It is the same cause, that wears out Our bodies and our clothes A Worker’s Speech to a Doctor by Bertolt Brecht, 1938

50. THANK YOU