Presentation on distillation using Aspenplus

Notes on distillation

1. ECONOMIC OPTIMIZATION OF DISTILLATION COLUMN GROUP 5A 1

2. INTRODUCTION Distillation : Separates liquid or vapor mixtures into component fractions via heat application and removal 2

3. TYPES OF DISTILLATION SIMPLE DISTILLATION : A basic distillation process where a mixture is heated to produce vapor, which is then condensed and collected FRACTIONAL DISTILLATION :A distillation process where a mixture is separated into fractions based on boiling point differences. VACUUM DISTILLATION :A distillation process where the pressure is reduced to lower the boiling point of the mixture. EXTRACTIVE DISTILATION : A distillation process where a solvent is added to the mixture to alter the relative volatility of the components 3

4. OPTIMIZE DISTILLATION PROCESS OBJECTIVES 1 2 3 REDUCTION IN OPERATION COST IDENTIFY REQUIRED NUMBER OF STAGES DETERMINIG OPTIMUM REFLUX RATIO 4

5. METHODOLOGY Launch Aspen Plus software Select model to be used (CHAO – SEA) Design DSTWU distillation column and retrieve some information to help design Rad- frac Design Rad- frac distillation column Generate X,Y graph from Aspen and perform McCabe-Thiele calculations 5

6. RESULTS 6

7. RESULTS 7

8. RESULTS 8

9. DISCUSSION Values from MCcabe -Thiele method was observed to give 26 total stages with a feed stage of 12. This was slightly different from values obtained from ASPEN PLUS SIMULATION ( 27 total stages with a feed stage of 14) due to the following assumptions made for the MCcabe-Theiele method; IDEAL STAGES CONSTANT MOLAL ENTHALPIES PERFECT VAPOUR-LIQUID EQUILIBRIUM 9

10. DISCUSSION TREND OF REBOILER DUTY AND CONDENSER DUTY WITH FEED STAGE REBOILER DUTY INCREASES WITH INCREASING FEED STAGE : This is because the bottom will be richer in heavier components and that more heat must be supplied by reboiler to achieve desired separation. CONDENSER DUTY INCREASES WITH DECREASING FEED STAGE: the condenser requires more cooling to condense the vapour and maintain separation efficiency. 10

11. DISCUSSION even though column cost decreased with increasing reflux ratio, the increase in energy cost with increasing reflux ratio overshadowed the column cost. optimum reflux ratio was observed to be 3.4494 with an equivalent total annual cost of $184,711,643,709.28 the total annual cost accounts for all costs related to the distillation process. 11

12. CONCLUSION the best design for the distillation column includes 27 stages, a feed stage of 14, and a reflux ratio of 3.44942 because the total annual cost at this condition ($ 184,711,643,709.28) is the least cost . also, designing a column with aspen plus simulation is seen to be more efficient that MC cabe -Thiele method 12

13. Applications of Distillation Petroleum Refining: Separation of crude oil into fuels, lubricants, and other petroleum products Chemical Processing: Purification of chemicals, such as ethanol, methanol, and acetone. Pharmaceuticals : Purification of pharmaceutical ingredients, production of vaccines, and synthesis of drugs 13

14. THANK YOU 14